Servlet的入门配置

àì夳堔傛蜴生んèń 2023-07-04 08:51 11阅读 0赞

## Servlet的入门配置 ##

**1.下载Tomcat。[官网][Link 1]。**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
选择其中一个  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
选择zip文件，下载后解压  
**2.创建一个Web Application,名字就叫Servlet（可以任意）。**![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
**3.在web/WEB-INF目录下，创建一个classes目录，用于存放class文件。**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200209202050847.png]  
如图，深色位置  
**4.配置Tomcat**  
在idea上点击如图按钮，点进去  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200209202809256.png]  
点击加号  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
选择Tomcat Server，然后选择local，之后就会看到如图  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200209203315440.png]  
然后点击，红色箭头的按钮，选择你下载的Tomcat，之后名字可以任意起。  
然后到Deployment，点击加号  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200209203800462.png]  
选择Artifacts，然后起一个名字，最好是项目名。  
最后，回到Server，设置与图中一样。然后运用，再OK，就行了。  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200209204348545.png]  
**5.配置classes路径**  
如图，在 Modules 在选择 Paths，然后在 Compiler output 点击第二个，把Output path 和 Test output path 都设置为一开始的classes目录。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
**6.导入外部jar包**  
如图，在原来的界面上，选择Dependencies，然后点击加号，选择libraries，出现如图所示，选择深色部分，然后Apply，OK。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
**7.创建Servlet**  
new 一个Servlet，用来测试。代码如下：

package servlet;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.PrintWriter;
    //访问的名称
    @WebServlet(name = "/Servlet")
    //实现HTTPServlet接口
    public class Servlet extends HttpServlet { 
        //Post请求的代码
        protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
            //在网页打印Hello World！
            PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
            pw.println("Hello World!");
        }
        //get请求的代码
        protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
            this.doPost(request, response);
        }
    }

8.编写web.xml  
如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
             version="4.0">
        <servlet>
            
            <servlet-name>Servlet</servlet-name>
            
            <servlet-class>servlet.Servlet</servlet-class>
        </servlet>
    
        <servlet-mapping>
            
            <servlet-name>Servlet</servlet-name>
            
            <url-pattern>/Servlet</url-pattern>
    
        </servlet-mapping>
    </web-app>

到现在就完成了所有步骤，现在来看测试结果。  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200209212445578.png]  
打印出Hello World！成功！

如果还有什么不理解的地方可以看大佬的视频：[入门视频][Link 2]

[Link 1]: https://tomcat.apache.org/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200209200757242.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020020920091518.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200209201452905.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200209202050847.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200209202050847.png
[20200209202809256.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200209202809256.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200209203029616.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200209203315440.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200209203315440.png
[20200209203800462.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200209203800462.png
[20200209204348545.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200209204348545.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200209204737468.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020020921030196.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzUyMDY3MA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200209212445578.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200209212445578.png
[Link 2]: https://www.bilibili.com/video/av31812663?from=search&seid=2702051694407282612