SpringCloud之服务注册-Eureka

た入场券 2023-07-05 11:50 11阅读 0赞

Spring Cloud Eureka 是 Spring Cloud Netflix 微服务套件中的一部分， 它基于 Netflix Eureka 做了二次封装， 主要负责完成微服务架构中的服务治理功能。 Spring Cloud 通过为Eureka 增加了 Spring Boot 风格的自动化配置，我们只需通过简单引入依赖和注解配置就能让 Spring Boot构建的微服务应用轻松地与 Eureka 服务治理体系进行整合。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L00yODM1OTIzMzg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

## Eureka单机 ##

*  依赖

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
    </dependency>

*  applicaiton.properties

server.port=8088
    
    eureka.instance.hostname=localhost
    eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
    eureka.client.fetch-registry=false

> 必须配置`eureka.instance.hostname`否则Eureka会尝试自我注册

*  EurekaSpringBootApplication

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaServer
    public class EurekaSpringBootApplication { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(EurekaSpringBootApplication.class,args);
        }
    }

*  启动项目后访问 [http://localhost:8088/][http_localhost_8088]  
    ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L00yODM1OTIzMzg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]
 *  配置说明

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>配置</th> 
   <th>说明</th> 
   <th>默认</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>eureka.server.enable-self-preservation</td> 
   <td>Eureka自我保护机制</td> 
   <td>true</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>eureka.server.eviction-interval-timer-in-ms Eureka</td> 
   <td>剔除故障节点时间间隔</td> 
   <td>60秒</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>eureka.server.renewal-percent-threshold</td> 
   <td>Eureka租约计算阈值</td> 
   <td>0.85</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>eureka.client.register-with-eureka</td> 
   <td>是否注册到Eureka上</td> 
   <td>true</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>eureka.client.fetch-registry</td> 
   <td>是否从Eureka上更新列表信息</td> 
   <td>true</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>eureka.instance.hostname</td> 
   <td>Eureka微服务实例的主机名</td> 
   <td>无</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## 服务注册 ##

*  依赖

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>

*  application.properties

spring.application.name=USER-SERVICE
    eureka.instance.instance-id=001
    eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true
    eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds=20
    eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds=10
    
    eureka.client.register-with-eureka=true
    eureka.client.healthcheck.enabled=true
    eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
    eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8088/eureka/

> 运行项目实现服务的注册

*  注册两个服务后  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L00yODM1OTIzMzg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

## 引入依赖 ##

> Eureka中默认集成了Ribbon插件，因此只需导入`spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client`即可。

*  pom.xml

<parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    
    <dependencyManagement>
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
          <version>Greenwich.SR1</version>
          <type>pom</type>
          <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    
    <dependencies>
    
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>
    
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
      </dependency>
    
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
    
    </dependencies>

*  application.properties

eureka.client.fetch-registry=true
    eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
    eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8088/eureka/

*  EurekaSpringBootConsumer

@SpringBootApplication
    public class EurekaSpringBootConsumer { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(EurekaSpringBootConsumer.class,args);
        }
        @Bean
        @LoadBalanced
        public RestTemplate restTemplate(){ 
           return new RestTemplate();
        }
    }

*  RestTemplateTests

@SpringBootTest(classes = EurekaSpringBootConsumer.class)
    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    public class RestTemplateTests { 
        @Autowired
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
        @Test
        public void testQueryUserById(){ 
            String url="http://USER-SERVICE/manager/user/8";
            User user = restTemplate.getForObject(url, User.class);
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }

## Eureka Server安全 ##

*  新增依赖

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
    </dependency>

*  新增配置

spring.security.user.name=mask
    spring.security.user.password=111111

*  新增配置类 WebSecurityConfig

@EnableWebSecurity
    @Configuration
    public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { 
    
      @Override
      protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { 
        http.csrf().disable(); // 关闭csrf,否则其他主机无法登陆认证
        http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated().and().httpBasic();//设置成httpBasic，不可以设置为表单
      }
    
    }

*  服务 注册/消费 新增配置

eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://mask:111111@localhost:8088/eureka/

## Eureka服务端高可用配置 ##

*  application-eureka-1.properties

server.port=6666
    
    ## 指定当前注册中心的服务名称
    spring.application.name=eurekaregistry
    
    ## 启用注册中心主动失效，并且每次主动失效检测间隔为5s 默认值60s
    eureka.server.eviction-interval-timer-in-ms= 5000
    ## 设置eureka注册中心的响应更新时间
    eureka.server.responseCacheUpdateIntervalMs=3000
    eureka.server.responseCacheAutoExpirationInSeconds=60
    
    ## 配置注册中心的主机名
    eureka.instance.instance-id = eureka-1
    eureka.instance.hostname = CentOSA
    ## 服务刷新时间配置，每隔这个时间会主动心跳一次
    eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds= 5
    ## 服务提供者被认定为丢失心跳超时，失效多久后被删除
    eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds=15
    
    ## 配置定时获取|抓取注册中心的数据时间
    eureka.client.registry-fetch-interval-seconds= 5
    eureka.client.instance-info-replication-interval-seconds= 5
    ## 配置集群中其他eureka实例，用于本eureka实例的注册方。
    eureka.client.region=beijing
    eureka.client.availability-zones.beijing=zone-2,zone-3
    eureka.client.service-url.zone-2=http://mask:111111@CentOSB:1111/eureka/
    eureka.client.service-url.zone-3=http://mask:111111@CentOSC:1111/eureka/
    
    spring.security.user.name=mask
    spring.security.user.password=111111

*  application-eureka-2.properties

server.port=6666
    
    ## 指定当前注册中心的服务名称
    spring.application.name=eurekaregistry
    
    ## 启用注册中心主动失效，并且每次主动失效检测间隔为5s 默认值60s
    eureka.server.eviction-interval-timer-in-ms= 5000
    ## 设置eureka注册中心的响应更新时间
    eureka.server.responseCacheUpdateIntervalMs=3000
    eureka.server.responseCacheAutoExpirationInSeconds=60
    
    ## 配置注册中心的主机名
    eureka.instance.instance-id = eureka-2
    eureka.instance.hostname = CentOSB
    ## 服务刷新时间配置，每隔这个时间会主动心跳一次
    eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds= 5
    ## 服务提供者被认定为丢失心跳超时，失效多久后被删除
    eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds=15
    
    ## 配置定时获取|抓取注册中心的数据时间
    eureka.client.registry-fetch-interval-seconds= 5
    eureka.client.instance-info-replication-interval-seconds= 5
    ## 配置集群中其他eureka实例，用于本eureka实例的注册方。
    eureka.client.region=beijing
    eureka.client.availability-zones.beijing=zone-1,zone-3
    eureka.client.service-url.zone-1=http://mask:111111@CentOSA:1111/eureka/
    eureka.client.service-url.zone-3=http://mask:111111@CentOSC:1111/eureka/
    
    spring.security.user.name=mask
    spring.security.user.password=111111

*  application-eureka-3.properties

server.port=6666
    
    ## 指定当前注册中心的服务名称
    spring.application.name=eurekaregistry
    
    ## 启用注册中心主动失效，并且每次主动失效检测间隔为5s 默认值60s
    eureka.server.eviction-interval-timer-in-ms= 5000
    ## 设置eureka注册中心的响应更新时间
    eureka.server.responseCacheUpdateIntervalMs=3000
    eureka.server.responseCacheAutoExpirationInSeconds=60
    
    ## 配置注册中心的主机名
    eureka.instance.instance-id = eureka-3
    eureka.instance.hostname = CentOSC
    ## 服务刷新时间配置，每隔这个时间会主动心跳一次
    eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds= 5
    ## 服务提供者被认定为丢失心跳超时，失效多久后被删除
    eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds=15
    
    ## 配置定时获取|抓取注册中心的数据时间
    eureka.client.registry-fetch-interval-seconds= 5
    eureka.client.instance-info-replication-interval-seconds= 5
    ## 配置集群中其他eureka实例，用于本eureka实例的注册方。
    eureka.client.region=beijing
    eureka.client.availability-zones.beijing=zone-1,zone-2
    eureka.client.service-url.zone-1=http://mask:111111@CentOSA:1111/eureka/
    eureka.client.service-url.zone-2=http://mask:111111@CentOSB:1111/eureka/
    
    spring.security.user.name=mask
    spring.security.user.password=111111

*  将三个项目打包分别上传至CentOSA、CentOSB、CentOSC运行

> 注：三台机器需关闭防火墙并互相做主机名与IP映射

*  访问[http://CentOSA:6666/][http_CentOSA_6666] —CentOSA可换为ip  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L00yODM1OTIzMzg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

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[http_localhost_8088]: http://localhost:8088/
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[http_CentOSA_6666]: http://CentOSA:6666/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L00yODM1OTIzMzg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020022120374450.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L00yODM1OTIzMzg=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70