Springboot MockMvc如何写单元测试（模拟http get/post/delete 请求，包括文件上传，下载接口测试）

梦里梦外; 2023-07-11 05:58 36阅读 0赞

### MockMvc 模拟HTTP get/post/delete 等请求，包括文件上传，下载接口测试） ###

*   *  写在前面
     *  一、测试包下，代码示例
     *   *  1.1、模拟 Http/Get 请求 示例
         *  1.2、模拟 Http/Post 请求 示例
         *  1.3、模拟 Http/Delete 请求 示例
         *  1.4、模拟 文件上传接口 示例
         *  1.5、模拟 下载接口 示例（在控制台会乱码，正常的）
     *  二、

## 写在前面 ##

这里总结了，springboot（Maven工程） 中如何更好的写出单元测试，需要引如下包

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>

## 一、测试包下，代码示例 ##

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
    @SpringBootTest
    @FixMethodOrder(MethodSorters.NAME_ASCENDING)
    @Transactional
    public class UserControllerTest { 
    
        private MockMvc mockMvc;
        @Autowired
        private WebApplicationContext wac;
    
        @Before
        public void setup() { 
            this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(wac).build();
        }
        
        // 基本结构如下
        @Test
        public void test() { 
            mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/pis/user/test?userId=67327"))
                    .andDo(print());
        }
    
    }

### 1.1、模拟 Http/Get 请求 示例 ###

@Test
        public void findOne() throws Exception { 
            mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/pis/user/find-one?userId=50070")
                    .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                    .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()).andDo(print());
        }

### 1.2、模拟 Http/Post 请求 示例 ###

示例1 ----- Json 入参

@Test
        public void add() throws Exception { 
            mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/pis/user/add")
                    .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                    .content("{\n" +
                            " \"userCode\": \"ls0ss1\",\n" +
                            " \"userName\": \"ls022\",\n" +
                            " \"departmentId\": 1,\n" +
                            " \"email\": \"154@dse.com\",\n" +
                            " \"station\": \"dep\",\n" +
                            " \"company\": \"com1\",\n" +
                            " \"entryTime\": \"2001-12-12\",\n" +
                            " \"leaveTime\": \"\",\n" +
                            " \"entranceStatus\": 1\n" +
                            "}")
                    .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                    .andDo(print());
        }

示例2 -----Form 表单入参

@Test
        public void addConfigInfo2() throws Exception { 
            mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/pis/config/add")
                    .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED)
                    .param("key", "key-test")
                    .param("value", "v_test")
                    .param("summary", "简介")
                    .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                    .andDo(print());
        }

### 1.3、模拟 Http/Delete 请求 示例 ###

示例1 单个删除

@Test
        public void delete() { 
            mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.delete("/pis/user/delete?userId=67327"))
                    .andDo(print());
        }

示例2 批量删除

@Test
        public void delete() { 
            mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.delete("/pis/user/delete?userId=1,2,3,4"))
                    .andDo(print());
        }

### 1.4、模拟 文件上传接口 示例 ###

@Test
        public void importUsers() throws Exception { 
            File file = new File("C:\\Users\\test\\Downloads\\用户设置导出.xlsx");
            MockMultipartFile firstFile = new MockMultipartFile("file", "用户设置导出.xlsx",
                    MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN_VALUE, new FileInputStream(file));
            mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.multipart("/pis/user/import").file(firstFile)
                    .contentType(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_VALUE))
                    .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()).andDo(print());
        }

### 1.5、模拟 下载接口 示例（在控制台会乱码，正常的） ###

@Test
        public void templateDownload() throws Exception { 
            mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/pis/user/template-download")
                    .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            )
                    .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()).andDo(print());
        }

## 二、 ##