CentOS7 重装yum

痛定思痛。 2023-07-13 08:15 27阅读 0赞

## CentOS7 重装yum ##

### 1. 卸载 yum ###

rpm -aq|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

### 2. 下载rpm包 ###

包仓库 :http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86\_64/Packages/

可以使用wget 方式下载,如下:

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch.rpm

也可以直接在仓库搜索点击下载,如下 :  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1NoZWxsZXlMaXR0bGVoZXJv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

下载如下包:

python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
    python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm
    python-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64.rpm
    python-urlgrabber-3.10-9.el7.noarch.rpm
    python-libs-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64.rpm
    
    yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
    yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm
    yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch.rpm

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1NoZWxsZXlMaXR0bGVoZXJv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

执行 `rpm -ivh python-*` ,安装python\*包;

执行 \`rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86\_64.rpm ,安装yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86\_64.rpm包;

yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm 与yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch.rpm 相互依赖;

所以执行 `rpm -ivh yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch.rpm` 安装;

输入 `yum -v` 测试yum 安装;

### 4. 修改yum源 ###

`cd /etc/yum.repos.d` 进入 yum源目录 ;

从http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo 下载yum源,上传至 /etc/yum.repos.d 目录 ,备份原有repo,

修改CentOS7-Base-163.repo 名称为 CentOS-Base.repo (这一步不是必须的);

![在这里插入图片描述][20200311094034365.png]

修改CentOS-Base.repo 内容 ,替换 $release 为 7 (单签centos版本);替换原有网址为163的网址:

完整内容如下 :

# CentOS-Base.repo
    #
    # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
    # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
    # geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
    # unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
    #
    # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
    # remarked out baseurl= line instead.
    #
    #
    [base]
    name=CentOS-7 - Base - 163.com
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=os
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
    
    #released updates
    [updates]
    name=CentOS-7 - Updates - 163.com
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
    
    #additional packages that may be useful
    [extras]
    name=CentOS-7 - Extras - 163.com
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
    
    #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
    [centosplus]
    name=CentOS-7 - Plus - 163.com
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=1
    enabled=0
    gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

### 5. yum update ###

运行makecache 生成缓存

yum makecache

运行yum clean all

yum clean all

更新yum文件

yum update

### yum update 过程中,可能会出现以下问题: ###

#### 1. 发现 XX 个已存在的 RPM 数据库问题 : ####

1.首先`yum clean all` ,

2.安装 package-cleanup工具，有下面命令就不需要安装了，有的系统会自带

yum install yum-utils

然后更新一下仓库

package-cleanup --cleandupes

#### 2. There are unfinished transactions remaining ####

1.安装 yum-complete-transaction（这是一个能发现未完成或被中断的yum事务的程序）

yum -y install yum-utils

2.清除yum缓存

yum clean all

3.运行 yum-complete-transaction,清理未完成事务

yum-complete-transaction --cleanup-only

#### 3. conflicts with file from package ####

conflicts with file from package的问题导致软件安装失败。

需要使用如下命令解决

rpm -ivh --replacefiles xxxx.rpm

#### 4. Rpmdb checksum is invalid: pkg checksums ####

RUN rpm --rebuilddb命令可以一条条修复rpm, 但是发现

执行 `yum clean all` , `yum makecache` 更加直接 .

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1NoZWxsZXlMaXR0bGVoZXJv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020031109335813.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1NoZWxsZXlMaXR0bGVoZXJv,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200311094034365.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200311094034365.png