【SpringCloud】【Hoxton】Ribbon

快来打我* 2023-07-14 10:43 2阅读 0赞

[01 基础环境准备][01]  
[02 一文读懂Eureka][02 _Eureka]  
[03 Zookeeper注册中心][03 Zookeeper]  
[04 Consule注册中心][04 Consule]  
[05 Ribbon][]  
[06 OpenFegin][]  
[07 Hystrix全面解析][07 Hystrix]  
[08 Gateway全面解析][08 Gateway]  
[09 Config配置中心][09 Config]  
[10 Bus消息总线][10 Bus]

# 1 Ribbon介绍 #

Spring Cloud Ribbon是基于 Netflix Ribbon实现的一套客户端负载均衡的工具。简单的说, Ribbon是Netflix发布的开源项目,主要功能是提供客户端的软件负載均衡算法和服务调用。 Ribbon客户端组件提供一系列完善的配置项如连接超时,重试等。简单的说,就是在配置文件中列出 Load Balancer(简称LB)后面所有的机器, Ribbon会自动的帮助你基于某种规则(如简单轮询,随机连接等)去连接这些机器。我们很容易使用 Ribbon实现自定义的负载均衡算法。

# 2 LB负载均衡( Load Balance)是什么 #

简单的说就是将用户的请求平雄的分配到多个服务上,从而达到系统的HA(高可用)。常见的负载均衡有软件 Nginx,LVS,硬件F5等。

# 3 Ribbon本地负载均衡客户端 VS Nginx服务端负载均衡区别 #

Nginx是服务器负载均衡,客户端所有请求都会交给 nginx,然后由 nginx实现转发请求。即负载均衡是由服务端实现的。Ribbon本地负载均衡,在调用微服务接口时候,会在注册中心上获取注册信息服务列表之后存到JVM本地,从而在本地实现RPC远程服务调用技术。

# 4 引入包 #

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MTI1OTk5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

# 5 演示 #

## 5.1 修改eureka-server ##

(1) 修改application.yml

server:
      port: 7000
    eureka:
      instance:
        #服务名称
        hostname: eureka-server-master
      client:
        serviceUrl:
          #eureka注册中心地址
          defaultZone: http://localhost:7000/eureka/  #配置URL
        #不注册自己
        register-with-eureka: false
        #服务发现，false表示自己不从Eureka服务中获取注册信息
        fetch-registry: false

(2) 启动Eureka-server  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MTI1OTk5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

## 5.2 修改provider-payment服务 ##

(1) application.yml

server:
      port: 9000
    spring:
      application:
        name: provider-payment-service
      datasource:
        url:  jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
        username: root
        password: 123456
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
        type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    eureka:
      client:
        #是否将自己注册到EurekaServer
        register-with-eureka: true
        #是否从EurekaServer获取已有的注册服务
        fetch-registry: true
        #注册地址
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:7000/eureka/
      instance:
        instance-id: provider-payment
        prefer-ip-address: true

(2) 新建RibbonServerController

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/ribbon")
    public class RibbonServerController { 
     
        @Value("${server.port}")
        private String port;
        @GetMapping("/server")
        public String server(){ 
            return "ribbon server port is "+port;
        }
    }

(3) 启动服务  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200314140327118.png]

## 5.3 修改provider-payment-slave服务 ##

(1) 修改application.yml

server:
      port: 9001
    spring:
      application:
        name: provider-payment-service
      datasource:
        url:  jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
        username: root
        password: 123456
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
        type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    eureka:
      client:
        #是否将自己注册到EurekaServer
        register-with-eureka: true
        #是否从EurekaServer获取已有的注册服务
        fetch-registry: true
        #注册地址
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:7000/eureka/
      instance:
        instance-id: provider-payment-slave
        prefer-ip-address: true

(2) 新建RibbonServerController

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/ribbon")
    public class RibbonServerController { 
        @Value("${server.port}")
        private String port;
        @GetMapping("/server")
        public String server(){ 
            return "ribbon server port is "+port;
        }
    }

(3) 启动服务  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200314140359176.png]

## 5.4 修改customer-order服务 ##

(1) application.yml

server:
      port: 8000
    spring:
      application:
        name: customer-order-service
    eureka:
      client:
        #是否将自己注册到EurekaServer
        register-with-eureka: true
        #是否从EurekaServer获取已有的注册服务
        fetch-registry: true
        #注册地址
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:7000/eureka/
      instance:
        instance-id: order-service
        prefer-ip-address: true

(2) RibbonClientController

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/ribbon")
    public class RibbonClientController { 
        @Autowired
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
        private static final String RIBBON_SERVER_URL = "http://provider-payment-service/ribbon/server";
        @GetMapping("/client")
        public String client() { 
            ResponseEntity<String> response =
                    restTemplate.getForEntity(RIBBON_SERVER_URL, String.class);
            return response.getBody();
        }
    }

(3) 启动主类  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MTI1OTk5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MTI1OTk5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
(4) 测试  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MTI1OTk5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MTI1OTk5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

# 6 负载均衡算法 #

## 6.1 算法介绍 ##

RoundRobinRule(轮询算法)
    RandomRule(随机算法)
    AvailabilityFilteringRule()：会先过滤由于多次访问故障而处于断路器跳闸状态的服务，还有并发的连接数量超过阈值的服务，然后对剩余的服务列表按照轮询策略进行访问
    WeightedResponseTimeRule()：根据平均响应的时间计算所有服务的权重，响应时间越快服务权重越大被选中的概率越高，刚启动时如果统计信息不足，则使用RoundRobinRule策略，等统计信息足够会切换到WeightedResponseTimeRule
    RetryRule()：先按照RoundRobinRule的策略获取服务，如果获取失败则在制定时间内进行重试，获取可用的服务。
    BestAviableRule()：会先过滤掉由于多次访问故障而处于断路器跳闸状态的服务，然后选择一个并发量最小的服务
    ZoneAvoidanceRule()：默认规则，符合判断server所在区域的性能和server的可用性选择服务器

## 6.2 随机算法，修改配置文件 ##

@Configuration
    public class ApplicationConfig { 
        @Bean
        @LoadBalanced
        public RestTemplate restTemplate(){ 
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
        @Bean
        public IRule  rule(){ 
            return new RandomRule();
        }
    }

## 6.3 测试略 ##

# GITHUB #

#分支Ribbon-enviroment-release-v1.0
    https://github.com/zhurongsheng666/spring-cloud-hoxton

[01]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34125999/article/details/104732409
[02 _Eureka]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34125999/article/details/104744751
[03 Zookeeper]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34125999/article/details/104788216
[04 Consule]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34125999/article/details/104809738
[05 Ribbon]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34125999/article/details/104859515
[06 OpenFegin]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34125999/article/details/104865809
[07 Hystrix]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34125999/article/details/104872389
[08 Gateway]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34125999/article/details/104878977
[09 Config]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34125999/article/details/104887587
[10 Bus]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34125999/article/details/104890652
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[20200314140327118.png]: /images/20230529/125c498feafa45d786b88d4141e88022.png
[20200314140359176.png]: /images/20230529/e767ba4e43c94f8bb2ff1a5109007a4d.png
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【SpringCloud】【Hoxton】Ribbon

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