教你制作属于自己的C语言版贪吃蛇！

柔光的暖阳◎ 2023-07-15 15:25 36阅读 0赞

> **贪吃蛇**？  
> 　　没错，就是贪吃蛇，这个你不会不知道吧。那你肯定会疑问了，还能用代码写贪吃蛇？当然啦，今天我就教大家写一个属于自己的**贪吃蛇**！  
> 　　你所需要准备的是：一定的**链表**知识，电脑集成编译环境**CodeBlocks**（最好使用该软件，否则可能会不成功），点个**赞**，**关注**一波~~后续有好东西，我会继续分享的！

> **设计思路**  
> 　　首先，要先将背景打印出来，这里需要的函数下面会介绍。然后随机生成蛇头，根据蛇头生成蛇身，并将整个蛇打印出来，然后生成食物（确保不和蛇重合），这样，第一步就完成了。接下来，到了最主要的步骤了，蛇身移动及吃食。这里我采用的是先清除蛇身，再打印到移动后的位置，吃食同理。而蛇的方向控制需要键盘控制。

> **调用函数**  
> void Menu(); 　　 //初始化菜单  
> void Gotoxy(int x, int y); 　　 //光标定位  
> void GotoChange(int x, int y); 　　//将■改为空格  
> void GotoPrint(int x, int y); 　　 //转至（x,y）打印■  
> void CreatWall(); 　　 //生成围墙  
> void CreatSnake(); 　　 //初始化生成蛇  
> void PrintBody(); 　　 //打印蛇身  
> void Initialization(); 　　 //初始化界面  
> void CreatFood(); 　　 //生成随机食物  
> int Control(); 　　 //控制蛇  
> int Judge(); 　　 //评判结束  
> void MovingBody(); 　　//移动蛇身  
> void ChangeBody(int x, int y); 　　//改变蛇身  
> void Eating(); 　　 //蛇“进食”  
> void End(); 　　 //结束页面  
> 　　其中比较难理解且重要的函数可见：  
> gotoxy()函数——>[传送门][Link 1]  
> Control()里的\_kbhit()——>[传送门][Link 2]  
> Control()里的\_getch()——>[传送门][Link 3]  
> 未列出的变色函数SetConsoleTextAttribute——>[传送门][Link 4]

**代码实现：**

#include<stdio.h>
    #include<string.h>
    #include<windows.h>
    #include<time.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    
    #define up 'w'
    #define down 's'
    #define left 'a'
    #define right 'd'
    #define stop 'p'
    
    typedef struct snake
    { 
        int x, y;
        struct snake *next;
    }SNAKE;
    
    void Menu();       //初始化菜单
    void Gotoxy(int x, int y);      //光标定位
    void GotoChange(int x, int y);     //将■改为空格
    void GotoPrint(int x, int y);       //转至（x,y）打印■
    void CreatWall();       //生成围墙
    void CreatSnake();        //初始化生成蛇
    void PrintBody();       //打印蛇身
    void Initialization();      //初始化界面
    void CreatFood();       //生成随机食物
    int Control();     //控制蛇
    int Judge();        //评判结束
    void MovingBody();      //移动蛇身
    void ChangeBody(int x, int y);      //改变蛇身
    void Eating();      //蛇“进食”
    void End();     //结束页面
    
    char name[66];
    int speed = 50, score = 0, co;
    SNAKE *head, *tail;
    int food_x, food_y;
    char input = 1;
    
    int main()
    { 
        Menu();
        CreatWall();
        CreatSnake();
        Initialization();
        CreatFood();
    	if(Control() == 0)
            return 0;
        return 0;
    }
    
    void Menu()
    { 
        HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),FOREGROUND_INTENSITY
    | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
        Gotoxy(40, 16);
        printf("欢迎打开贪吃蛇游戏~~~\n");
        Gotoxy(40, 17);
        printf("请输入您的用户名：");
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);
        scanf("%s", name);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),FOREGROUND_INTENSITY
    | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
        Gotoxy(40, 19);
        printf("请您选择游戏难度：\n\ \t\t\t\t\t1:小白模式\n\ \t\t\t\t\t2:普通模式（推荐）\n\ \t\t\t\t\t3:困难模式\n\ \t\t\t\t\t4:极限模式\n\ \t\t\t\t\t5:变态模式\n\ \t\t\t\t\t6:冒险模式\n\t\t\t\t\t");
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);
        scanf("%d", &co);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
        if(co > 0 && co < 6)
            speed *= (6-co);
        else
            speed = 300;
    	system("cls");
    	Gotoxy(42, 14);
    	printf("正在加载中~~~\n");
        Gotoxy(20, 16);
        printf("提示：\n");
        Gotoxy(24, 18);
        printf("请在英文输入法中操作，反向移动等同于吃到自己，wasd控制p暂停\n");
        Gotoxy(36, 20);
        printf("\t全屏游戏效果更佳哟~~~");
        Sleep(3000);
        system("cls");
    }
    void Gotoxy(int x, int y)
    { 
        COORD pos = { x, y};
        HANDLE hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);      // 获取标准输出设备句柄
        SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut, pos);        //两个参数分别是指定哪个窗体，具体位置
    }
    void GotoPrint(int x, int y)
    { 
        Gotoxy(x, y);
        printf("■");
    }
    void GotoChange(int x, int y)
    { 
        Gotoxy(x, y);
        printf(" ");
    }
    void CreatWall()
    { 
        int i, j;
        for (i = 0; i < 36; i++)
        { 
            for(j = 0; j < 72; j += 2)
            { 
                if(i == 0 || i == 35 || j == 0 || j == 70)
                    printf("■");
                else
                    printf(" ");
            }
            printf("\n");
        }
    }
    void CreatSnake()
    { 
        srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
        head = (SNAKE*)malloc(sizeof(SNAKE));
    	head->x = rand()%30+3;
    	if(head->x % 2 != 0)
        { 
            head->x++;
        }
    	head->y = rand()%30+3;
    	tail = (SNAKE*)malloc(sizeof(SNAKE));
    	SNAKE *p = (SNAKE*)malloc(sizeof(SNAKE));
    	SNAKE *q = (SNAKE*)malloc(sizeof(SNAKE));
    	p->x = head->x;
    	p->y = head->y+1;
    	q->x = head->x;
    	q->y = head->y+2;
    	head->next = p;
    	p->next = q;
    	q->next = tail;
        tail->next = NULL;
    }
    void PrintBody()
    { 
        SNAKE *t = head;
    	HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);
        GotoPrint(t->x, t->y);
        t = t->next;
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_GREEN);
    	while(t->next != NULL)
        { 
            GotoPrint(t->x, t->y);
            t = t->next;
        }
        Gotoxy(0, 36);
    }
    void Initialization()
    { 
    	PrintBody();
    	HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
        Gotoxy(128, 2);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
        printf("p:(开始/暂停)");
        Gotoxy(120, 3);
        printf("如果蛇在移动过程中，撞到墙壁或身体");
        Gotoxy(120, 4);
        printf("交叉（蛇头撞到自己的身体）游戏结束");
        Gotoxy(100, 12);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);
        printf("%s", name);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
        printf("，加油加油喀~~~");
        Gotoxy(100, 18);
        printf("您目前的分数为：");
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);
        Gotoxy(116, 18);
        printf("%d", score);
        Gotoxy(100, 24);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
        printf("小游戏作者：");
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);
        printf("ChrisPhantom");
    }
    void CreatFood()
    { 
        lable:
    	food_y = rand()%(34) + 1;
    	food_x = rand()%(67) + 2;
    	if (food_x % 2 != 0)
    	{ 
    		food_x = food_x + 1;
    	}
    	SNAKE *t = head;
    	while(1)       //遍历排除蛇身重复
    	{ 
    		if(t->next == NULL)
                break;
    		if(food_x == t->x && food_y == t->y)
    		{ 
    			goto lable;
    		}
    		t = t->next;
    	}
    	Gotoxy(food_x, food_y);
    	HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);
    	printf("⊙");
    }
    int Control()
    { 
    	while (1)
    	{ 
    		if (Judge() == 0)
                return 0;
    		if (_kbhit())
    		{ 
    			input = _getch();
    		}
    		MovingBody();
    		Eating();
    	}
    	return 1;
    }
    int Judge()
    { 
        if (head->x == 0 || head->x == 70 || head->y == 0 || head->y == 35)     //撞到墙壁
        { 
            End();
            return 0;
        }
    	SNAKE *p = head->next;
    	while (1)
    	{ 
    		if (p->next == NULL)
                break;
    		if (head->x == p->x && head->y == p->y)     //身体交叉
            { 
                End();
                return 0;
            }
    		p = p->next;
    	}
    	return 1;
    }
    void MovingBody()       //通过先清空后打印实现动画效果
    { 
        int x = head->x, y = head->y;
    	SNAKE *p = head;
    	while (1)
    	{ 
    		if (p->next == NULL)
                break;
    		GotoChange(p->x, p->y);
    		p = p->next;
    	}
    	switch (input)
    	{ 
    		case up:
    			head->y -= 1;
    			ChangeBody(x, y);
    			break;
    		case down:
    			head->y += 1;
    			ChangeBody(x, y);
    			break;
    		case left:
    			head->x -= 2;
    			ChangeBody(x, y);
    			break;
    		case right:
    			head->x += 2;
    			ChangeBody(x, y);
    			break;
    		case stop:
    			break;
    	}
    	PrintBody();
    	Sleep(speed);
    }
    void ChangeBody(int x, int y)
    { 
        SNAKE *p = head->next;
    	int mid1, mid2, tmid1, tmid2;
    	mid1 = p->x;
    	mid2 = p->y;
    	while (1)
    	{ 
    		if (p->next->next == NULL)
                break;
    		tmid1 = p->next->x;
    		tmid2 = p->next->y;
    		p->next->x = mid1;
    		p->next->y = mid2;
    		mid1 = tmid1;
    		mid2 = tmid2;
    		p = p->next;
    	}
    	p = head->next;
    	//if (p->next!= NULL)
    	{ 
    		p->x = x;
    		p->y = y;
    	}
    }
    void Eating()
    { 
        if (head->x == food_x && head->y == food_y)
    	{ 
    	    printf("\a");
    		CreatFood();
    		SNAKE *t = (SNAKE*)malloc(sizeof(SNAKE));
    		SNAKE *p;
    		p = head;
    		while (1)
    		{ 
    			if (p->next->next == NULL)
                    break;
    			p = p->next;
    		}
    		p->next = t;
    		t->next = tail;
    		score += 10;
    		if(co == 6 && speed > 40)
            { 
                speed -= 20;
            }
    		Gotoxy(116, 18);
    		HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
            SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);
    		printf("%d", score);
    	}
    }
    void End()
    { 
        system("cls");
        Gotoxy(56, 14);
    	HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);
        printf("%s,", name);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
        printf("您的得分为：");
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);
        printf("%d", score);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
        Gotoxy(56, 16);
        if(score <= 30)
            printf("不要气馁，继续加油啊 ~_~");
        else if(score <= 70)
            printf("你已经很不错啦，是不是还可以更厉害呢 @_@");
        else if(score <=120)
            printf("你真是超级厉害啊，已经超过大多数人啦 ^_^");
        else
            printf("难道你...你就是传说中的dalao !_!");
        Gotoxy(48, 19);
        printf("小游戏作者：");
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);
        printf("ChrisPhantom(没错就是我ChrisPhantom本人了,手动滑稽)");
        Gotoxy(48, 20);
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
        printf("如果喜欢的话，就给我点个赞吧~~~");
        Gotoxy(48, 22);
    	system("pause");
    }

参考资料  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_40935723/article/details/86553391  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_40953281/article/details/79315254  
https://mbd.baidu.com/newspage/data/error  
由于其中部分代码的注释未详尽的解释，不明白的可以私信咨询。喜欢的话麻烦点个赞分享一下啦。

如果觉得本码足够规整而又不清楚规范，可查看另一帖子《C语言代码规范》–>[传送门][Link 5]

感谢师傅来访，技术不精，请勿吐槽，如有问题请留言。

[Link 1]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/gotoxy/2986529?fr=aladdin
[Link 2]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/kbhit/3921261?fr=aladdin
[Link 3]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/getch%28%29/10996394?fr=aladdin
[Link 4]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/SetConsoleTextAttribute
[Link 5]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45652695/article/details/104180651