以学生信息管理系统为例，学习软件分析与设计

痛定思痛。 2023-07-17 14:15 6阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  Understand the Context 了解范围
 *   *  The Request
     *  The most important problems
 *  Development approach
 *  The Project Management Life Cycle
 *   *  Assumptions
     *   *  Tasks Identification
         *  Optimistic Estimation
         *  Pessimistic Estimation
 *  Scope Definition and Problem Analysis
 *   *  Core functions
     *  Other deliverables
     *  Core values
     *  Updated plan
 *  During the Business Analysis, You will
 *   *  Business Analysis Output
 *  Context Diagram

# Understand the Context 了解范围 #

## The Request ##

● Hardscrabble: to improve the efficiency of students related management in  
the Monsters University by  
○ Supporting remote collaboration  
○ Automating the process  
● Hardscrabble: core functions should include  
○ Class sign up  
○ Class schedule  
○ Grading management

## The most important problems ##

● Information and Efficiency  
*○ Focus on data inputs, outputs, storage  
○ Focus on tasks effort, material, etc.*

# Development approach #

● Waterfall development approach  
○ Functions set is small  
○ Functions are not complex  
○ Development time limitation  
○ …

# The Project Management Life Cycle #

● Activity 1 - negotiate scope (statement of work)  
● Activity 2 - identify tasks  
● Activity 3 - estimate task durations持续时间  
● Activity 4 - specify intertask dependencies  
● Activity 5 - assign resources  
● Activity 6 - direct the team effort  
● Activity 7 - monitor监测 and control progress (project report)  
● Activity 8 - assess project results and experiences

## Assumptions ##

● A team with 5 members (no hard role)  
○ Each person can work for 1 hour every day, 5 days a week, 13 weeks as total (1 \* 5 \* 5 \* 13 = 325 man-hour)  
● To deliver the system by 6/10/2020  
● Complete the core functions (details are TBD) To Be determined  
*○ Class management: Schedule, Add and drop  
○ Grading management*  
● Deliver a workable prototype

### Tasks Identification ###

● Waterfall development approach  
● Tasks

> ○ Requirements analysis  
> ○ Logical design  
> ○ Physical design  
> ○ Prototype implementation: Roles and permissions, Class sign up, Class schedule,Grading management , Integration test  
> ○ Data input

● Specify the dependencies

### Optimistic Estimation ###

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### Pessimistic Estimation ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM5NzUzNzc4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

# Scope Definition and Problem Analysis #

## Core functions ##

○ Class sign up  
○ Class schedule  
○ Grading management

## Other deliverables ##

○ Documents, trainings, etc.

## Core values ##

○ Data management capability  
○ More efficient business process (class sign up, schedule, grading management)  
○ More fair class schedule  
○ Less incorrectness  
○ Etc.

## Updated plan ##

# During the Business Analysis, You will #

● Request some documents like

> ○ Rules of course application and seats assignment  
> ○ Rules of grading of different types of courses  
> ○ Classrooms information  
> ○ Course information  
> ○ ……

● Site visits  
● Questionnaires

> ○ User process  
> ○ Experience  
> ○ Suggestions  
> ○ …

● Interview

> ○ Investigate 调查 the organization chart, select your interviewee and schedule the time  
> ○ Prepare your interview  
> ■ Agenda 议事日程  
> ■ Question list  
> ■ Keep impartial 不偏不倚  
> ○ Interview  
> ■ Communication skills  
> ○ Post-interview  
> ■ Share the summary

● Organize joint requirements planning (JRP)

> ○ Attendees  
> ■ Owner, host, users, recorder, tech  
> ○ Plan a JRP  
> ■ Location  
> ■ Attendees  
> ■ Agenda  
> ○ Pros  
> ■ Involve users (managers) to the project proactively  
> ■ A joint meeting instead of scattered interviews  
> ■ Prototype discussion in the meeting

## Business Analysis Output ##

● User stories

> ○ As a student / lecture, …

● Data / Entity spec

> ○ Key properties of Course, Classroom…

● Detail Requirements

> ○ Logic of core function  
> ■ Process of course registration  
> ○ Reporting example  
> ■ Grading report example of a course

# Context Diagram #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM5NzUzNzc4_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

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