盘Docker吗？--Docker常规操作集锦

怼烎@ 2023-07-24 11:47 63阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  前言
 *  一：Docker的常规操作
 *   *   *  1.1：下载镜像
         *  1.2：镜像常规操作
         *  1.3：容器常规操作
         *  1.4：博客结束，谢谢赏阅！有疑问可私信或者评论区交流！

# 前言 #

# 一：Docker的常规操作 #

### 1.1：下载镜像 ###

*  默认都是使用公有仓库进行下载，在国内，我们需要进行镜像加速：
 *  加速手册可参考我的博客：[https://blog.csdn.net/CN\_TangZheng/article/details/105398139][https_blog.csdn.net_CN_TangZheng_article_details_105398139]
 *  加速步骤：
    
        [root@docker ]# tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF' > { 
        >   "registry-mirrors": ["https://yu1vx79j.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
        > }
        > EOF
        [root@docker etc]# systemctl daemon-reload	'//重载Docker守护进程'
        [root@docker etc]# systemctl restart docker	'//重启Docker服务'

### 1.2：镜像常规操作 ###

*  搜索镜像：`docker search 镜像名称`
    
        [root@docker etc]# docker search nginx
 *  下载镜像：`docker pull 镜像名称`：（stars–星级：代表着镜像的使用率）
    
        [root@docker etc]# docker pull nginx
 *  查看已有镜像：`docker images`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker images
        REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
        nginx               latest              ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB
 *  查看镜像详细信息：`docker inspect 镜像ID`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker inspect ed21b7a8aee9
 *  镜像下载完存放在：`/var/lib/docker`，下载的文件信息：`/var/lib/docker/image/overlay2/repositories.json`
 *  为镜像添加新标签：`docker tag 仓库名：原标签 仓库名：新标签`，标签添加完新旧标签是同时存在的
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker tag nginx:latest nginx:web
        [root@docker ~]# docker images
        REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
        nginx               latest              ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB
        nginx               web                 ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB
 *  删除标签：`docker rmi 仓库名：标签`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker rmi nginx:web
        Untagged: nginx:web
        [root@docker ~]# docker images
        REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
        nginx               latest              ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB
 *  删除镜像：`docker rmi 镜像id`，删除镜像id后此镜像所有的标签都删除
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker rmi ed21b7a8aee9 
        Untagged: nginx:latest
        Untagged: nginx@sha256:282530fcb7cd19f3848c7b611043f82ae4be3781cb00105a1d593d7e6286b596
        Deleted: sha256:ed21b7a8aee9cc677df6d7f38a641fa0e3c05f65592c592c9f28c42b3dd89291
        Deleted: sha256:8a305f371a6c3c445a1dfc500c1364743868a269ab8cdaf95902692e82168352
        Deleted: sha256:d079ef06ec1f10a8050887365f9a940b39547ba6bcc46b16a463e740984f3223
        Deleted: sha256:c3a984abe8a88059915bb6c7a1d249fd1ccc16d931334ac8816540b0eb686b45
        [root@docker ~]# docker images
        REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
        [root@docker ~]# docker pull nginx	'//再次重新下载一个镜像'
 *  导出镜像（保存镜像）到相应目录：`docker save -o 相应目录 仓库名：标签`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker save -o /opt/nginx001 nginx:latest	
        [root@docker ~]# ls /opt
        containerd  nginx001
 *  导入镜像：
    
     *  方法1、`docker load < 镜像`
     *  方法2、`docker load --input 镜像`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker load < /opt/nginx001 	'//方法一'
        Loaded image: nginx:latest
        [root@docker ~]# docker load --input /opt/nginx001	'//方法二'
        Loaded image: nginx:latest
 *  上传镜像：
    
    ![mark][]
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker login --username=汤政大人 registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com	'//先登录'
        Password: 
        WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
        Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
        https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
        
        Login Succeeded
        [root@docker ~]# docker tag ed21b7a8aee9 registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/tang_docker001/tang_docker001:latest
        [root@docker ~]# docker push registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/tang_docker001/tang_docker001:latest	'//开始上传'
        The push refers to repository [registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/tang_docker001/tang_docker001]
        d37eecb5b769: Pushed 
        99134ec7f247: Pushed 
        c3a984abe8a8: Pushed 
        latest: digest: sha256:7ac7819e1523911399b798309025935a9968b277d86d50e5255465d6592c0266 size: 948
    
    ![mark][mark 1]

### 1.3：容器常规操作 ###

*  创建容器：`docker create -it 仓库名:标签 登录环境`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker create -it nginx:latest /bin/bash
        3bf2bde0e0b9fe91a643746d4e00e37e234487b9609ea083071831776aebf50a
        '//-i：让容器的标准输入保持打开'
        '//-t：让docker分配一个伪终端'
 *  查看容器状态：`docker ps -a`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker ps -a	'//状态为created'
        CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
        3bf2bde0e0b9        nginx:latest        "/bin/bash"         7 seconds ago       Created                                 wizardly_swanson
        '//-a：列出最近一次启动的容器'
 *  启动容器：`docker start 容器id`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker start 3bf2bde0e0b9	'//启动容器'
        3bf2bde0e0b9
        [root@docker ~]# docker ps -a
        CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
        3bf2bde0e0b9        nginx:latest        "/bin/bash"         3 minutes ago       Up 1 second         80/tcp              wizardly_swanson
 *  登陆正在运行的容器：两个方法
    
     *  方法一：`docker exec -it 容器id 环境`
     *  方法二：`docker run -it 容器名:标签 环境`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker exec -it 36c6af332247 /bin/bash
        [root@36c6af332247 /]# ls	'//可以输入命令'
        anaconda-post.log  bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
        [root@36c6af332247 /]# exit	'//退出'
        exit
        [root@docker ~]# docker ps -a	'//刚刚的容器依旧是up状态'
 *  停止容器：`docker stop 容器id`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker stop 3bf2bde0e0b9
 *  启动容器并执行命令（执行完自动退出）：`docker run 镜像 环境 -c 命令（如果没哟镜像会自动下载）`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker run centos:7 /usr/bin/bash -c ls /	'//启动centos:7容器并执行ls命令'
        [root@docker ~]# docker ps -a	'//发现此容器已经正常退出'
            '//此命令执行完成后会自动退出，释放资源，状态是exited（0）'
 *  启动容器并执行命令（持续在后台运行）：
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker run -d centos:7 /bin/bash -c "while true;do echo hello;done"
        6101ea6eedbf7a1dcc75bb9d7cc1eb94e83b343b6829b6546d6ceda318545df6
        '//-c：命令'
 *  容器导出：
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker export 6101ea6eedbf > /opt/centos7
 *  容器导入（会生成镜像，而不会创建容器）：
    
        [root@docker ~]# cat /opt/centos7 |docker import - centos7.1
        sha256:59faa021c1f1d1a9c8f1f8800a0392c7a7796968b2b05868f27e6f8bf6e63ac6
        [root@docker ~]# docker images
        REPOSITORY                                                        TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
        centos7.1                                                         latest              59faa021c1f1        5 seconds ago       203MB
        。。。省略内容
 *  删除容器（先停止容器在删除）：`docker rm 容器id`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker rm 4aeeecce12fd 
        4aeeecce12fd
        [root@docker ~]# docker ps -a
 *  批量删除容器：`docker ps -a |awk '{print "docker rm "$1}'|bash`
    
        [root@docker ~]# docker ps -a |awk '{ print "docker rm "$1}'|bash '//'

### 1.4：博客结束，谢谢赏阅！有疑问可私信或者评论区交流！ ###

[https_blog.csdn.net_CN_TangZheng_article_details_105398139]: https://blog.csdn.net/CN_TangZheng/article/details/105398139
[mark]: /images/20230528/c7a6ea8cef784dceade5435f5633147a.png
[mark 1]: /images/20230528/b50af5eeebd54255bd94f0644bc12918.png