使用SSM搭建一个简单的crud项目

女爷i 2023-08-17 16:17 190阅读 0赞

使用SSM完成增删查改

前端使用到的技术：ajax，json，bootstrap等

完整项目地址：[点这里GitHub][GitHub]

![image][]

[项目地址，可以在线访问][Link 1]

这一章节主要搭建SSM的环境。

--------------------

**SpringMVC**

SpringMVC是Web层的框架，当浏览器发送请求，前端控制器(DispatcherServlet)接收到请求后，根据处理器映射器(HandlerMapping)查找url对应的Handler，之后再调用处理器适配器(HandlerAdapter)来执行对应的Handler，这时候Handler会返回一个带有逻辑视图以及模型数据的ModelAndView给HandlerAdpater并再次返回给DispatcherServlet，前端控制器调用视图解析器对ModelAndView进行视图渲染，并且向前端相应处理结果。

1.pom.xml添加依赖(依赖先添加这么多先，有需要用到在添加)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>org.train</groupId>
        <artifactId>MySSM</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>war</packaging>
    
        <name>MySSM Maven Webapp</name>
        
        <url>http://www.example.com</url>
    
        <properties>
            
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
            <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        </properties>
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.46</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
                <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
                <version>0.9.1.2</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
                <version>3.4.5</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>jstl</groupId>
                <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
                <version>1.2</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId>
                <artifactId>taglibs-standard-impl</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.5</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
                <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
                <version>2.9.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
                <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
                <version>2.9.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
                <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
                <version>2.9.9</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
                <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
                <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
                <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.17</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
                <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.2</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </project>

2.在web.xml中配置前端控制器

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
            "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
            "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
    
    <web-app>
        <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    
        
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>
    
        
        <filter>
            <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
            <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>encoding</param-name>
                <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
                <param-value>true</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
                <param-value>true</param-value>
            </init-param>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>
    
    
    
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
    
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
                
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
            
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
    
    
    </web-app>

3.在resources/springmvc.xml配置注解扫描和视图解析器

视图解析器的作用：

![image][image 1]

<context:component-scan base-package="org.train" use-default-filters="false">
            
            <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        </context:component-scan>
        
        <bean id="InternalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
        </bean>
        
        <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
        
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>

4.检测springmvc前端控制器是否生效，配置两个页面和一个controller类

4.1:index.jsp页面，服务器启动就会加载这个页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
    <%@taglib  uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
    <html>
    <body>
    <h2>Hello World!</h2>
    <%--使用EL表达式pageContext获取当前项目名--%>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/findBook_All">查询所有</a>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/addBook">添加书籍</a>
    <form action="" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="findbook">
    </form>
    
    </body>
    </html>

4.2:list.jsp。看看视图解析器有没有生效，生效就会跳转到这个页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h3>永不放弃的心，将有贯穿黑暗的力量</h3>
    </body>
    </html>

4.3：controller类的编写

package org.train.ssm.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller public class BookController { @RequestMapping("/findBook_All") public String findBook_All(){ System.out.println("hahaha"); return "list"; } }

springmvc搭建好了

![image][image 2]

5.创建数据库和表

CREATE TABLE books( book_id INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, book_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, book_author VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, book_price FLOAT(25) NOT NULL, book_publisher VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(book_id) )

INSERT INTO books( book_name, book_author, book_price, book_publisher )VALUES( '三国演义', '罗贯中', 99.9, '清华大学出版社' ), ( '红楼梦', '曹雪芹', 88.8, '北京大学出版社' ), ( '西游记', '吴承恩', 77.7, '上海交通大学出版社' ), ( '水浒传', '施耐庵', 66.6, '四川大学出版社' );

6.创建POJO实体类

package org.train.ssm.bean; import java.io.Serializable; public class Book implements Serializable { private Integer bookId; private String bookName; private Float bookPrice; private String bookPublisher; public Integer getBookId() { return bookId; } public void setBookId(Integer bookId) { this.bookId = bookId; } public String getBookName() { return bookName; } public void setBookName(String bookName) { this.bookName = bookName; } public Float getBookPrice() { return bookPrice; } public void setBookPrice(Float bookPrice) { this.bookPrice = bookPrice; } public String getBookPublisher() { return bookPublisher; } public void setBookPublisher(String bookPublisher) { this.bookPublisher = bookPublisher; } @Override public String toString() { return "Book{" + "bookId=" + bookId + ", bookName='" + bookName + '\'' + ", bookPrice=" + bookPrice + ", bookPublisher='" + bookPublisher + '\'' + '}'; } }

7.Spring整合Mybatis

首先创建dao层的包(放置DAO数据交互层处理类)，service层的包(放置代理对象)

![img][]

8.在resources创建资源文件

8.1 mybatis的全局配置文件 (SqlMapConfig.xml)

8.2 Spring的资源配置文件(applicationContext.xml)

8.3 Mapper映射文件(sqlmap/Mapper.xml)

8.4 数据库连接文件(db.properties)

8.5 日志系统配置文件(log4j.properties)

![img][img 1]

9.编写Spring的配置文件

配置数据库连接信息

jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/booksdb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.user=root
    jdbc.password=12345

加载数据库连接文件"db.properties"中的数据，建立数据源

配置spring的xml文件applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
           xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    
    
        <context:component-scan base-package="org.train">
            <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        </context:component-scan>
    
        <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>
    
        <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    
            <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:SqlMapConfig.xml"></property>
    
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    
            <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:sqlmap/*xml"></property>
        </bean>
    
    
       <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
           <property name="basePackage" value="org.train.ssm.dao"></property>
       </bean>
    
    </beans>

10.编写mybatis的全局配置文件SqlMapConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE configuration
            PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
            "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
    <configuration>
    
        <settings>
            <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
        </settings>
    
        <typeAliases>
            <package name="org.train.ssm.bean"/>
        </typeAliases>
    </configuration>

**注意：** 有了spring托管数据源，在mybatis的全局配置中，只需要注重性能化配置

11.编写Mapper映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE mapper
            PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
            "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
    <mapper namespace="org.train.ssm.dao.BookMapper">
    
        <select id="findBooks" resultType="book">
            select * from books
        </select>
    
        <insert id="addBook" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="book_id">
            insert into books
            (book_id,book_name,book_price,book_author,book_publisher)
            values
            (null,#{bookName},#{bookPrice},#{bookAuthor},#{bookPublisher})
        </insert>
    </mapper>

12.配置日志文件

# Set root category priority to INFO and its only appender to CONSOLE.
    #log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE            debug   info   warn error fatal
    log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE, LOGFILE
    
    # Set the enterprise logger category to FATAL and its only appender to CONSOLE.
    log4j.logger.org.apache.axis.enterprise=INFO, CONSOLE
    
    # CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout.
    log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
    log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
    
    # LOGFILE is set to be a File appender using a PatternLayout.
    log4j.appender.LOGFILE=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
    log4j.appender.LOGFILE.File=d:\axis.log
    log4j.appender.LOGFILE.Append=true
    log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n

估计很多人都没有看过日志的属性，这里简单说一下日志文件的介绍

日志输出等级有5级，当有bug发生时，你控制台没有显示异常信息，那可能就是你日志等级太高了，可以调低，说不定可以很容易的看到bug产生的原因。

debug("调试");
            info("信息");
            warn("警告");
            error("错误");
            fatal("致命错误")
            等级越往下越高

如果需要了解更多的信息，可以自行百度

13.编写dao层和service层

dao层

public interface BookMapper { //查询所有书籍 List<Book> findBooks(); //添加书籍 Boolean addBook(Book book); }

service层

@Service public class BookService { @Autowired BookMapper bookMapper; public List<Book> findBooks(){ return bookMapper.findBooks(); } public Boolean addBook(Book book){ return bookMapper.addBook(book); } }

14.改进controller层

@Controller public class BookController { @Autowired BookService bookService; @RequestMapping("/findBook_All") public String findBook_All() throws UnsupportedEncodingException { List<Book> books = bookService.findBooks(); for (Book book:books){ System.out.println(book); } return "list"; } @RequestMapping("/addBook") public String addBook(){ Book book = new Book(null,"天龙八部",55.5f,"清华大学出版社","金庸"); bookService.addBook(book); return "list"; } }

![image][image 3]

查询方法和添加方法都没有问题，到这里SSM环境就搭建完成了。

当然还有很多的细节需要改动。

我的SSM的增删查改就先完成了一部分，接下来就是前端可以在我的GitHub上看。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/train99999/p/11433929.html

[GitHub]: https://github.com/train99999/MySSM
[image]: /images/20230810/60fa9c3fa9ac46ddb80f2d960d373b2e.png
[Link 1]: http://26i45o8894.wicp.vip:35021/MySSM_war_exploded/
[image 1]: /images/20230810/d819f1d774ff48608d7523e6d1feca07.png
[image 2]: /images/20230810/af9363956dba45f2955c020d35478ccf.png
[img]: /images/20230810/5ddce24920654e54aec71a2d5a7a8efe.png
[img 1]: /images/20230810/b9864f2ac6354726b3a5ab5e6deea387.png
[image 3]: /images/20230810/d6ed4d715bd84cda8edd557b36bd141e.png