Varnish实现动静分离（三）

淩亂°似流年 2023-08-17 17:35 83阅读 0赞

## 实验环境（Centos7） ##

主机名            IP                版本
    varnish        192.168.14.210    4.0.5
    web1(nginx)    192.168.14.211    nginx/1.12.2
    tomcat         192.168.14.213    
    client         192.168.14.212

注意：本篇文章是在第二篇文章基础上稍作修改

## 一、varnish：192.168.14.210 ##

1、配置静态页面后端主机和动态页面后端主机IP和端口

backend websrv1 {
        .host = "192.168.14.211";    #后端主机IP地址
        .port = "80";    #后端主机监听的端口
    }
    backend tomcat1 {
        .host = "192.168.14.213";
        .port = "8080";
    }

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

2、先判断是否是jsp动态页面内容，如果是就选择tomcat主机，否则就选择websrv主机

sub vcl_recv {
        if (req.url ~ "(?i)\.jsp$") {
            set req.backend_hint = tomcat1;
         }else{
            set req.backend_hint = websrv1;
         }
    }

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

3、重载配置文件，并清除所有缓存以免影响实验

[root@varnish ~]# varnish_reload_vcl
    [root@varnish ~]# varnishadm ban req.url "~" /

4、varnish配置详情

[root@varnish ~]# cat  /etc/varnish/default.vcl
    #
    # This is an example VCL file for Varnish.
    #
    # It does not do anything by default, delegating control to the
    # builtin VCL. The builtin VCL is called when there is no explicit
    # return statement.
    #
    # See the VCL chapters in the Users Guide at https://www.varnish-cache.org/docs/
    # and http://varnish-cache.org/trac/wiki/VCLExamples for more examples.
    
    # Marker to tell the VCL compiler that this VCL has been adapted to the
    # new 4.0 format.
    vcl 4.0;
    import directors;
    # Default backend definition. Set this to point to your content server.
    
    backend websrv1 {
        .host = "192.168.14.211";    #后端主机IP地址
        .port = "80";    #后端主机监听的端口
    }
    backend tomcat1 {
        .host = "192.168.14.213";
        .port = "8080";
    }
    #创建后端主机组
    sub vcl_init {
    #    new websrv = directors.round_robin();    #设置主机组的调度算法，有两种，另一种为random
    #    websrv.add_backend(websrv1);    #将后端主机加入到组中
    #    websrv.add_backend(websrv2);    #将后端主机加入到组中
    }
    sub vcl_recv {
        # Happens before we check if we have this in cache already.
        #
        # Typically you clean up the request here, removing cookies you don't need,
        # rewriting the request, etc.
    #        set req.backend_hint = websrv.backend();
        if (req.url ~ "(?i)\.jsp$") {
            set req.backend_hint = tomcat1;
         }else{
            set req.backend_hint = websrv1;
         }
    }
    
    sub vcl_backend_response {
        # Happens after we have read the response headers from the backend.
        #
        # Here you clean the response headers, removing silly Set-Cookie headers
        # and other mistakes your backend does.
    }
    
    sub vcl_deliver {
        # Happens when we have all the pieces we need, and are about to send the
        # response to the client.
        #
        # You can do accounting or modifying the final object here.
        if (obj.hits>0) {
        set resp.http.X-Cache = "Hit via "+ server.ip;
        }else {
        set resp.http.X-Cache = "Miss via "+ server.ip;
        }
    }

## 二、web1：192.168.14.211 ##

1、具体配置查看第一篇文章，不需要改变

## 三、tomcat：192.168.14.213 ##

tomcat官网https://tomcat.apache.org/

1、解压下载好的压缩包

[root@tomcat ~]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz

2、下载java包解压，并配置环境变量

[root@tomcat ~]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
    [root@tomcat ~]# vim /etc/profile
    #在最下面添加
    JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_91
    export JAVA_HOME
    CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib
    export CLASSPATH
    PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CLASSPATH
    export PATH
    #保存退出
    [root@tomcat ~]# source /etc/profile
    [root@tomcat ~]# java -version
    java version "1.8.0_91"
    Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_91-b14)
    Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.91-b14, mixed mode)

3、关闭防火墙和selinux

[root@tomcat ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
    [root@tomcat ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
    [root@tomcat ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

4、启动服务

[root@tomcat ~]# apache-tomcat-9.0.8/bin/startup.sh

5、查看8080端口是否开启

[root@tomcat ~]# netstat -ntlp|grep 80
    tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:8005          :::*                    LISTEN      6930/java           
    tcp6       0      0 :::8009                 :::*                    LISTEN      6930/java           
    tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      6930/java

## 四、客户端：192.168.14.212 ##

1、看到不管是jsp还是html都能自动跳转到后端主机访问成功，然后缓存到varnish

[root@client ~]# curl -I http://192.168.14.210/index.jsp
    HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8
    Date: Tue, 01 Oct 2019 15:54:34 GMT
    X-Varnish: 33518
    Age: 0
    Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
    X-Cache: Miss via 192.168.14.210
    Content-Length: 11228
    Connection: keep-alive
    
    [root@client ~]# curl -I http://192.168.14.210/index.jsp
    HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8
    Date: Tue, 01 Oct 2019 15:54:34 GMT
    X-Varnish: 98727 33519
    Age: 2
    Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
    X-Cache: Hit via 192.168.14.210
    Content-Length: 11228
    Connection: keep-alive
    
    [root@client ~]# curl -I http://192.168.14.210/index.html
    HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    Server: nginx/1.12.2
    Date: Wed, 24 Jan 2018 02:57:43 GMT
    Content-Type: text/html
    Content-Length: 17
    Last-Modified: Tue, 23 Jan 2018 13:59:55 GMT
    ETag: "5a673fdb-11"
    X-Varnish: 98729
    Age: 0
    Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
    X-Cache: Miss via 192.168.14.210
    Connection: keep-alive
    
    [root@client ~]# curl -I http://192.168.14.210/index.html
    HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    Server: nginx/1.12.2
    Date: Wed, 24 Jan 2018 02:57:43 GMT
    Content-Type: text/html
    Content-Length: 17
    Last-Modified: Tue, 23 Jan 2018 13:59:55 GMT
    ETag: "5a673fdb-11"
    X-Varnish: 33521 98730
    Age: 3
    Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
    X-Cache: Hit via 192.168.14.210
    Connection: keep-alive
    
    [root@client ~]#

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20230808/115550b458674bb59a05d04ff540ca17.png
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