【SpringCloud-Alibaba系列教程】12.日志链路追踪

╰半夏微凉° 2023-09-23 17:07 55阅读 0赞

**引入问题**

毕竟写代码，肯定有bug的，所以我们必要日志查看还是需要的，但是微服务查看，我们需要一条整个链路追踪，要不然我们根本不知道，哪里出问题了，所以我们需要进行实现链路日志追踪。

**我们开始吧**

首先就是引入我们的链路追踪的sleuth的相关依赖。

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    复制代码

然后进行我们访问之前写的api接口，我们看一下控制台会有那些内容。 [http://localhost:7000/product-serv/product/1?token=admin][http_localhost_7000_product-serv_product_1_token_admin] 我们可以看到这有一个相同的一串  
\[service-product,a5670094401b487b,de21187ddc169043,true\]  
\[api-gateway,a5670094401b487b,a5670094401b487b,true\]  
几个图对比后可以看到第一个就是服务名称。在不同的的会有一个相同的，你可以看一下  
a5670094401b487b 这就相当于一个链路上的，后面的不同id就是不同服务上面的唯一id。 第三个就是是否输出到第三方平台，这里true就是输出了，其实这里我已经配置了输出到zipkin界面。 我们来看一下配置：

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
      zipkin:
        base-url: http://127.0.0.1:9411
        discovery-client-enabled: false #让nacos把它当成一个url不要做服务名
        sender:
          type: web
      sleuth:
        web:
          client:
            enabled: true
        sampler:
          probability: 1.0 # 采样比例为: 0.1(即10%),设置的值介于0.0到1.0之间，1.0则表示全部采集。  
    复制代码

其实这样是存在内存中的，如果重启那就没有了，那如何进行持久化呢，主要就是两种，一个就是mysql，es 我们先演示MySQL的，其实就是在启动的时候做一下修改。 例如我们原本的 Windows java -jar zipkin-server-2.23.16-exec.jar 如果需要持久化数据库我们首先创建持久化存储的表。 可以直接去网址下载：

[github.com/openzipkin/…][github.com_openzipkin]

-- Copyright 2015-2019 The OpenZipkin Authors
    --
    -- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except
    -- in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
    --
    -- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    --
    -- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License
    -- is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express
    -- or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
    -- the License.
    --
    
    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS zipkin_spans (
      `trace_id_high` BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT 'If non zero, this means the trace uses 128 bit traceIds instead of 64 bit',
      `trace_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
      `id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
      `name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
      `remote_service_name` VARCHAR(255),
      `parent_id` BIGINT,
      `debug` BIT(1),
      `start_ts` BIGINT COMMENT 'Span.timestamp(): epoch micros used for endTs query and to implement TTL',
      `duration` BIGINT COMMENT 'Span.duration(): micros used for minDuration and maxDuration query',
      PRIMARY KEY (`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
    
    ALTER TABLE zipkin_spans ADD INDEX(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`) COMMENT 'for getTracesByIds';
    ALTER TABLE zipkin_spans ADD INDEX(`name`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and getSpanNames';
    ALTER TABLE zipkin_spans ADD INDEX(`remote_service_name`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and getRemoteServiceNames';
    ALTER TABLE zipkin_spans ADD INDEX(`start_ts`) COMMENT 'for getTraces ordering and range';
    
    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS zipkin_annotations (
      `trace_id_high` BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT 'If non zero, this means the trace uses 128 bit traceIds instead of 64 bit',
      `trace_id` BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT 'coincides with zipkin_spans.trace_id',
      `span_id` BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT 'coincides with zipkin_spans.id',
      `a_key` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'BinaryAnnotation.key or Annotation.value if type == -1',
      `a_value` BLOB COMMENT 'BinaryAnnotation.value(), which must be smaller than 64KB',
      `a_type` INT NOT NULL COMMENT 'BinaryAnnotation.type() or -1 if Annotation',
      `a_timestamp` BIGINT COMMENT 'Used to implement TTL; Annotation.timestamp or zipkin_spans.timestamp',
      `endpoint_ipv4` INT COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null',
      `endpoint_ipv6` BINARY(16) COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null, or no IPv6 address',
      `endpoint_port` SMALLINT COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null',
      `endpoint_service_name` VARCHAR(255) COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null'
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
    
    ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD UNIQUE KEY(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `span_id`, `a_key`, `a_timestamp`) COMMENT 'Ignore insert on duplicate';
    ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `span_id`) COMMENT 'for joining with zipkin_spans';
    ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`) COMMENT 'for getTraces/ByIds';
    ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`endpoint_service_name`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and getServiceNames';
    ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`a_type`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and autocomplete values';
    ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`a_key`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and autocomplete values';
    ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`trace_id`, `span_id`, `a_key`) COMMENT 'for dependencies job';
    
    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS zipkin_dependencies (
      `day` DATE NOT NULL,
      `parent` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
      `child` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
      `call_count` BIGINT,
      `error_count` BIGINT,
      PRIMARY KEY (`day`, `parent`, `child`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
    复制代码

然后启动zipkin命令 java -jar zipkin-server-2.23.16-exec.jar --STORAGE\_TYPE=mysql --MYSQL\_HOST=127.0.0.1 --MYSQL\_TCP\_PORT=3306 --MYSQL\_DB=zipkin --MYSQL\_USER=root --MYSQL\_PASS=123456

可以点开数据库查看  
这样无论怎么重启都可以看到日志了 另一种就是es（全名elasticsearch） 我们可以先去官网下载[www.elastic.co/cn/download…][www.elastic.co_cn_download] 然后下载解压去bin目录启动

java -jar zipkin-server-2.23.16-exec.jar --STORAGE_TYPE=elasticsearch --ES-HOST=localhost:9200
    复制代码

然后使用以上命令重启动zipkin 然后重启也是可以看到持久化的数据了。 这样我们的持久化就完成了。

[http_localhost_7000_product-serv_product_1_token_admin]: https://link.juejin.cn?target=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A7000%2Fproduct-serv%2Fproduct%2F1%3Ftoken%3Dadmin
[github.com_openzipkin]: https://link.juejin.cn?target=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fopenzipkin%2Fzipkin%2Fedit%2Fmaster%2Fzipkin-storage%2Fmysql-v1%2Fsrc%2Fmain%2Fresources%2Fmysql.sql
[www.elastic.co_cn_download]: https://link.juejin.cn?target=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elastic.co%2Fcn%2Fdownloads%2Felasticsearch