Python实现获取网页内容及自动填表单与登录功能

待我称王封你为后i 2023-09-25 19:38 116阅读 0赞

这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了如何利用Python实现模拟浏览器启动，获取网页内容、自动填表单、自动登录、自动过验证码等功能，需要的可以参考一下

*  库
 *  源码
 *  知识点补充

食用前准备

python 3.10.10 \#二维码的库ddddocr 需要

### 库 ###

import time
    import ddddocr

### 源码 ###

# import threading  # 导入threading模块
    # from Feishu_SendMsg import *
    
    # Identification verification code
    import time
    import ddddocr
    
    
    interval = 100 * 60
    
    # def delayCall():  # 定义方法
    #     SendMsg("选题 快快快!!!")
    
    #     timer=threading.Timer(interval,delayCall)  # 每秒运行
    #     timer.start()  # 执行方法
        
    # if __name__ == '__main__':  #
    #     t1=threading.Timer(interval,function=delayCall)  # 创建定时器
    #     t1.start()  # 开始执行线程
    
    
    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
    from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
    from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
    
    
    # SendMsg("自动填表单")
    options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    options.add_argument('--enable-automation')
    options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
    options.add_argument('--disable-extensions')
    options.add_argument('--start-maximized')
    options.add_argument('--disable-infobars')
    
    prefs = {"profile.default_content_setting_values.autocomplete_enabled": 2}
    options.add_experimental_option("prefs", prefs)
    
    # SendMsg("创建 Chrome 浏览器实例")
    # 创建 Chrome 浏览器实例
    browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
    
    # SendMsg("打开网页")
    browser.get('www.tttttttt.com')
    
    # SendMsg("找到账号和密码框元素并输入指定字符串")
    username = browser.find_element("name","username")
    password = browser.find_element("name","userpass")
    usercode = browser.find_element("name","usercode")
    img_verifycode = browser.find_element("id","img_verifycode")
    
    # SendMsg("自动填充账号密码")
    username.send_keys("11111")
    password.send_keys("11111")
    
    verifycodeBase64 = img_verifycode.screenshot_as_base64
    ocr = ddddocr.DdddOcr()
    res = ocr.classification(verifycodeBase64)
    usercode.send_keys(res)
    # SendMsg(f"识别并填写验证码: {res}")
    
    # SendMsg("提交表单")
    password.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
    # SendMsg("登陆: 提交表单")

### 知识点补充 ###

下面为大家介绍一下文中用到的ddddocr库的相关使用吧

识别验证码的python 库有很多，用起来也并不简单，ddddocr (带带弟弟ocr)库是一个简单实用的识别验证码的库，推荐给大家

**ddddocr具体使用方法**

import os
    import ddddocr
    from time import sleep
    from PIL import Image
    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    
    class GetVerificationCode:
      def __init__(self):
            self.res = None
            url = '要登录的地址'
            self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
            self.driver.maximize_window()  # 将浏览器最大化
            self.driver.get(url)
    
      # 获取验证码信息
        def getVerification(self):
            # 获取当前文件的位置、并获取保存截屏的位置
            current_location = os.path.dirname(__file__)
            screenshot_path = os.path.join(current_location, "..", "VerificationCode")
            # 截取当前网页并放到自定义目录下，并命名为printscreen，该截图中有我们需要的验证码
            sleep(1)
            self.driver.save_screenshot(screenshot_path + '//' + 'printscreen.png')
            sleep(1)
            # 定位验证码
            imgelement = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码图片的Xpath定位')
            # 获取验证码x,y轴坐标
            location = imgelement.location
            # 获取验证码的长宽
            size = imgelement.size
            # 写成我们需要截取的位置坐标
            rangle = (int(location['x'] + 430),
                      int(location['y'] + 200),
                      int(location['x'] + size['width'] + 530),
                      int(location['y'] + size['height'] + 250))
            # 打开截图
            i = Image.open(screenshot_path + '//' + 'printscreen.png')
            # 使用Image的crop函数，从截图中再次截取我们需要的区域
            fimg = i.crop(rangle)
            fimg = fimg.convert('RGB')
            # 保存我们截下来的验证码图片，并读取验证码内容
            fimg.save(screenshot_path + '//' + 'code.png')
            ocr = ddddocr.DdddOcr()
            with open(screenshot_path + '//' + 'code.png', 'rb') as f:
                img_bytes = f.read()
            self.res = ocr.classification(img_bytes)
            print('识别出的验证码为：' + self.res)
    
        # 判断验证码错误时的提示信息是否存在
        def isElementPresent(self, by, value):
            try:
                element = self.driver.find_element(by=by, value=value)
            except NoSuchElementException:
                pass
                # 发生了NoSuchElementException异常，说明页面中未找到该元素，返回False
                return False
            else:
                # 没有发生异常，表示在页面中找到了该元素，返回True
                return True
    
      # 登录
        def login(self):
            self.getVerification()
            self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '用户名输入框Xpath定位').send_keys('用户名')
            self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '密码输入框Xpath定位').send_keys('密码')
            self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码输入框Xpath定位').send_keys(self.res)
            sleep(1)
            self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '登录按钮Xpath定位').click()
            sleep(2)
        isFlag = True
            while isFlag:
                try:
                    isPresent = self.isElementPresent(By.XPATH, '验证码错误时的提示信息Xpath定位')
                    if isPresent is True:
                        codeText = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码错误时的提示信息Xpath定位').text
                        if codeText == "验证码不正确":
                            self.getVerification()
                            sleep(2)
                            self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码输入框Xpath定位').clear()
                            sleep(1)
                            self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码输入框Xpath定位').send_keys(self.res)
                            sleep(1)
                            self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '登录按钮Xpath定位').click()
                            sleep(2)
                        tips = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH,
                                                        '未输入验证码时的提示信息Xpath定位').text
                        if tips == "请输入验证码":
                            self.getVerification()
                            sleep(2)
                            self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码输入框Xpath定位').click()
                            sleep(1)
                            self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码输入框Xpath定位').send_keys(self.res)
                            sleep(1)
                            self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '登录按钮Xpath定位').click()
                            sleep(2)
                        continue
                    else:
                        print("验证码正确，登录成功！")
                except NoSuchElementException:
                    pass
                else:
                    isFlag = False
                    
            sleep(5)
            self.driver.quit()
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        GetVerificationCode().login()

**识别结果**

![0b0bf3bfc6d1494bacf7b50af6a55e4a.png][]

到此这篇关于Python实现获取网页内容及自动填表单与登录功能的文章就介绍到这了,希望大家以后多多支持！

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