循环引用失败问题Spring源码解析教程方法

系统管理员 2023-09-26 20:29 47阅读 0赞

Spring在加载beanA的时候会先调用默认的空构造函数(在没有指定构造函数实例化的前提下)得到一个空的实例引用对象，这个时候没有设置任何值，但是Spring会用缓存把它给提前暴露出来，让其他依赖beanA的bean可以持有它提前暴露的引用；

比如 a 依赖b ，b依赖a，并且他们都是通过默认方法实例化，那么简单流程是这样的：

ioc实例化a,a提前暴露自己的，然后填充属性值，在填充属性值的时候发现有个对象b,这个时候去容器里面取到b的引用，发现b还没有被创建，那么就走实例化b的流程；  
实例化b；流程跟a一样；但是不同的是b填充属性的时候，发现有引用a的实例，这个时候a已经提前暴露了自己了，所以b可以直接在容器里面拿到a的引用；那么b就实例化并且也初始化完成了;  
拿到b了之后，a就可以持有b的引用 ，整个流程就走完了;  
具体详细一点可以看这篇文章Spring-bean的循环依赖以及解决方式

Spring不能解决“A的构造方法中依赖了B的实例对象，同时B依赖了A的实例对象”这类问题

这篇文章我想从源码的角度来分析一下整个流程；

并且分析一下Spring为什么不能解决“A的构造方法中依赖了B的实例对象，同时B依赖了A的实例对象”这类问题

例子  
首先创建两个bean类; CirculationA 有个属性circulationB，并且有个构造函数给circulationB赋值；

public class CirculationA \{  
private CirculationB circulationB;  
public CirculationA(CirculationB circulationB) \{  
this.circulationB = circulationB;  
\}  
\}  
CirculationB 有个属性circulationA，然后set方法

public class CirculationB \{  
private CirculationA circulationA;  
public CirculationA getCirculationA() \{  
return circulationA;  
\}  
public void setCirculationA(CirculationA circulationA) \{  
this.circulationA = circulationA;  
\}  
\}  
SpringContextConfig.xml circulationa 用给定的构造函数实例化;

circulationb 就用默认的实例化方法(默认的空构造函数)

好，例子准完毕，上面的例子是 circulationa的构造函数里面有circulationb；

然后circulationb属性里面有circulationa;

启动容器  
结果如下:

警告: Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘circulationa’ defined in class path resource \[config.xml\]: Cannot resolve reference to bean ‘circulationb’ while setting constructor argument; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘circulationb’ defined in class path resource \[config.xml\]: Cannot resolve reference to bean ‘circulationa’ while setting bean property ‘circulationA’; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCurrentlyInCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘circulationa’: Requested bean is currently in creation: Is there an unresolvable circular reference?  
Exception in thread “main” org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘circulationa’ defined in class path resource \[config.xml\]: Cannot resolve reference to bean ‘circulationb’ while setting constructor argument; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘circulationb’ defined in class path resource \[config.xml\]: Cannot resolve reference to bean ‘circulationa’ while setting bean property ‘circulationA’; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCurrentlyInCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘circulationa’: Requested bean is currently in creation: Is there an unresolvable circular reference?  
Disconnected from the target VM, address: ‘127.0.0.1:64128’, transport: ‘socket’  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:359)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:108)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveConstructorArguments(ConstructorResolver.java:648)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:145)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1193)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1095)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:513)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:483)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:761)  
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:867)  
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:543)  
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)  
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)  
at StartIOCUseDefaultListAbleBeanFactory.main(StartIOCUseDefaultListAbleBeanFactory.java:30)  
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘circulationb’ defined in class path resource \[config.xml\]: Cannot resolve reference to bean ‘circulationa’ while setting bean property ‘circulationA’; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCurrentlyInCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘circulationa’: Requested bean is currently in creation: Is there an unresolvable circular reference?  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:359)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:108)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1531)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1276)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:553)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:483)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:351)  
… 17 more  
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCurrentlyInCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘circulationa’: Requested bean is currently in creation: Is there an unresolvable circular reference?  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.beforeSingletonCreation(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:347)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)  
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:351)  
… 27 more

报错了,Spring它解决不了这种情况 Ok,源码走起来： 为了节省篇幅我只贴重要代码 第一步

加载circulationa AbstractBeanFactory  
public abstract class AbstractBeanFactory extends FactoryBeanRegistrySupport implements ConfigurableBeanFactory \{  
protected T doGetBean(  
final String name, final Class requiredType, final Object\[\] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)  
throws BeansException \{  
if (mbd.isSingleton()) \{  
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, new ObjectFactory() \{  
@Override  
public Object getObject() throws BeansException \{  
try \{  
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);  
\}  
\}  
\});  
\}  
\}  
public Object getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) \{ //在创建之前把beanName加入到正在创建中的属性中singletonsCurrentlyInCreation； //但是这个是一个set，如果之前已经加进去了，再进去就抛异常BeanCurrentlyInCreationException //Requested bean is currently in creation: Is there an unresolvable circular reference?")提示可能存在循环引用 beforeSingletonCreation(beanName); \} protected void beforeSingletonCreation(String beanName) \{ if (!this.inCreationCheckExclusions.contains(beanName) && !this.singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.add(beanName)) \{ throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName); \} \} @Override protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object\[\] args) throws BeanCreationException \{ Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args); \} protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object\[\] args) throws BeanCreationException \{ instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args); //....... // Initialize the bean instance. Object exposedObject = bean; try \{ populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper); if (exposedObject != null) \{ exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd); \} \} \} protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object\[\] args) \{ Constructor<?>\[\] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);  
//因为circulationa是有构造函数的，所以使用autowireConstructor  
if (ctors != null ||  
mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE\_CONSTRUCTOR ||  
mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) \{  
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);  
\}  
\}  
//最终执行  
public BeanWrapper autowireConstructor(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd,  
Constructor<?>\[\] chosenCtors, final Object\[\] explicitArgs) \{  
//解析构造函数参数值  
minNrOfArgs = resolveConstructorArguments(beanName, mbd, bw, cargs, resolvedValues);  
//…  
//选择对应的策略来实例化对象；这里是生成正在的实例了。  
//但是在这之前，构造参数要拿到  
beanInstance = this.beanFactory.getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(  
mbd, beanName, this.beanFactory, constructorToUse, argsToUse);  
\}  
\}  
省略…

最终调用BeanDefinitionValueResolver  
/\*\*  
\* Resolve a reference to another bean in the factory.  
\*/  
private Object resolveReference(Object argName, RuntimeBeanReference ref) \{  
try \{  
String refName = ref.getBeanName();  
refName = String.valueOf(doEvaluate(refName));  
if (ref.isToParent()) \{  
if (this.beanFactory.getParentBeanFactory() == null) \{  
throw new BeanCreationException(  
this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,  
“Can’t resolve reference to bean '” + refName +  
“’ in parent factory: no parent factory available”);  
\}  
//!!!这里,要先去查找refName的实例  
return this.beanFactory.getParentBeanFactory().getBean(refName);  
\}  
else \{  
Object bean = this.beanFactory.getBean(refName);  
this.beanFactory.registerDependentBean(refName, this.beanName);  
return bean;  
\}  
\}  
catch (BeansException ex) \{  
throw new BeanCreationException(  
this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,  
“Cannot resolve reference to bean '” + ref.getBeanName() + "’ while setting " + argName, ex);  
\}  
\}  
跟着上面的顺序我们整理一下;

启动容器,加载circulationa,因为是构造函数生成，所以要先解析构造函数的属性，这时候发现有引用circulationb，那么通过getBean(circulationb)先拿到circulationb的实例；  
如果拿到了，则生成circulationa的实例对象返回;但是这个时候代码执行circulationb的加载过程了；

circulationb加载分析  
然后我们分析一下circulationb加载 circulationb跟circulationa差不多 加载circulationb,把它加入到正在创建的属性中

protected void beforeSingletonCreation(String beanName) \{  
if (!this.inCreationCheckExclusions.contains(beanName) && !this.singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.add(beanName)) \{  
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);  
\}  
\}  
然后用默认的方式创建实例; circulationa 是rautowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args)创建的；这个方法需要先拿到构造函数的值;所以执行了调用getBean(circulationb)

circulationa是调用了instantiateBean；这个方法不需要提前知道属性；它用默认的构造函数生成实例；这时候的实例是没有设置任何属性的；

protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) \{  
beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);  
\}  
不过生成了实例之后，在doCreateBean方法中有一个populateBean；这个方法就是专门填充属性值的，因为circulationb有circulationa的属性; 所以会去容器里面取circulationa的引用；

但是circulationa这个时候还没有成功创建实例啊；因为它还一直在等circulationb创建成功之后返回给它引用呢，返回了circulationa才能创建实例啊；

这个时候circulationb没有拿到circulationa，那么又会去调用getBean(circulationa); 大家想一想如果这样下去就没完没了了啊; 所以Spring就抛出异常了 那么在哪里抛出异常呢？ 在第二次调用getBean(circulationa)的时候会走到下面

if (!this.inCreationCheckExclusions.contains(beanName) && !this.singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.add(beanName)) {
    		throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
    	}
    }

因为circulationa之前加进来过一次啊，而且没有创建成功是不会删除的啊；

现在又add一次，因为this.singletonsCurrentlyInCreation是一个set；

已经存在的再次add会返回false;那么这段代码就会抛出异常了;

Error creating bean with name ‘circulationa’: Requested bean is currently in creation: Is there an unresolvable circular reference?

情况就是这样,只要是用构造函数创建一个实例，并且构造函数里包含的值存在循环引用，那么spring就会抛出异常;

所以如果有循环引用的情况请避免使用构造函数的方式

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