linux 下生成ssl自签证书, 并配置nginx通过https访问

﹏ヽ暗。殇╰゛Y 2023-09-27 17:12 142阅读 0赞

## 一、之前对外暴露接口地址为http://192.168.2.246 ##

因为映射了域名，需要升级为https，由于是IP地址访问，所以生成自签名证书并设置nginx

## 二、home目录下新建new\_cert目录用于存放证书以及相关文件 ##

[root@localhost home]# mkdir new_cert

## 三、使用openssl分别生成服务端和客户端的公钥及私钥 ##

### 1、生成服务端私钥 ###

(base) [root@localhost ~]# mkdir new_cert
    (base) [root@localhost ~]# cd new_cert/
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl genrsa -out server.key 1024
    Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus (2 primes)
    .......................+++++
    ............+++++
    e is 65537 (0x010001)

### 2、生成服务端公钥 ###

(base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl rsa -in server.key -pubout -out server.pem
    writing RSA key
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl genrsa -out client.key 1024
    Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus (2 primes)
    .........................+++++
    ..........+++++
    e is 65537 (0x010001)

### 3、生成客户端私钥 ###

(base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl rsa  -in client.key -pubout -out client.pem
    writing RSA key

### 4、生成客户端公钥 ###

(base) [root@localhost new_cert]# ll
    total 16
    -rw------- 1 root root 887 Apr  6 14:44 client.key
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 272 Apr  6 14:44 client.pem
    -rw------- 1 root root 887 Apr  6 14:43 server.key
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 272 Apr  6 14:44 server.pem
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]#

## 四、生成CA证书 ##

### 1、生成CA私钥 ###

(base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl genrsa -out ca.key 1024
    Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus (2 primes)
    ..........+++++
    .........................+++++
    e is 65537 (0x010001)
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]#

### 2、生成CA证书签名请求文件CSR ###

(base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl req -new -key ca.key -out ca.csr
    You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
    into your certificate request.
    What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
    There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
    For some fields there will be a default value,
    If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
    -----
    Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:cn
    State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:beijing
    Locality Name (eg, city) []:chaoyang
    Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:hlhk_ca
    Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:hlhk_sms_ca
    Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:192.168.2.246
    Email Address []:
    Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
    to be sent with your certificate request
    A challenge password []:123456
    An optional company name []:192.168.2.246
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]#

### 3、使用私钥KEY文件和CSR文件签名生成CRT证书 ###

(base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl x509 -req -in ca.csr -signkey ca.key -out ca.crt
    Signature ok
    subject=C = cn, ST = beijing, L = chaoyang, O = hlhk_ca, OU = hlhk_sms_ca, CN = 192.168.2.246
    Getting Private key
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]#

## 五、生成服务器端和客户端CRT证书 ##

### 1、生成服务端签名请求CSR文件 ###

(base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
    You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
    into your certificate request.
    What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
    There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
    For some fields there will be a default value,
    If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
    -----
    Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:cn
    State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:beijing
    Locality Name (eg, city) []:chaoyang
    Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:hlhk_serve
    Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:hlhk_sms_serve
    Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:192.168.2.246
    Email Address []:
    Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
    to be sent with your certificate request
    A challenge password []:
    An optional company name []:192.168.2.246
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]#

### 2、生成客户端签名请求CSR文件 ###

(base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr
    You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
    into your certificate request.
    What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
    There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
    For some fields there will be a default value,
    If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
    -----
    Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:cn
    State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:beijing
    Locality Name (eg, city) []:chaoyang
    Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:hlhk_client
    Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:hlhk_sms_client
    Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:192.168.2.246
    Email Address []:
    Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
    to be sent with your certificate request
    A challenge password []:123456
    An optional company name []:192.168.2.246
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]#

**这里服务端和客户端的Organization Name (eg, company)以及Organizational Unit Name都必须要和CA的不一样才可以**

### 3、向刚才生成的自己的CA机构申请签名CRT证书（服务端和客户端） ###

(base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl x509 -req -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -in server.csr -out server.crt
    Signature ok
    subject=C = cn, ST = beijing, L = chaoyang, O = hlhk_serve, OU = hlhk_sms_serve, CN = 192.168.2.246
    Getting CA Private Key
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl x509 -req -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -in client.csr -out client.crt
    Signature ok
    subject=C = cn, ST = beijing, L = chaoyang, O = hlhk_client, OU = hlhk_sms_client, CN = 192.168.2.246
    Getting CA Private Key
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]#

(base) [root@localhost new_cert]# ll
    total 48
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 891 Apr  6 14:46 ca.crt
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 737 Apr  6 14:46 ca.csr
    -rw------- 1 root root 891 Apr  6 14:44 ca.key
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  41 Apr  6 14:50 ca.srl
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 904 Apr  6 14:50 client.crt
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 749 Apr  6 14:49 client.csr
    -rw------- 1 root root 887 Apr  6 14:44 client.key
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 272 Apr  6 14:44 client.pem
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 899 Apr  6 14:49 server.crt
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 712 Apr  6 14:47 server.csr
    -rw------- 1 root root 887 Apr  6 14:43 server.key
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 272 Apr  6 14:44 server.pem
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]#

## 六、最后生成需要的key和crt文件 ##

(base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl rsa -in server.key -out server_nginx.key
    writing RSA key
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]# openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in server.csr -signkey server_nginx.key -out server_nginx.crt
    Signature ok
    subject=C = cn, ST = beijing, L = chaoyang, O = hlhk_serve, OU = hlhk_sms_serve, CN = 192.168.2.246
    Getting Private key
    (base) [root@localhost new_cert]#

## 七、将key和crt文件上传到nginx上并配置nginx配置文件（https://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8061） ##

user  nginx;
    worker_processes  8;
    
    error_log  /var/log/nginx/info.log warn;
    pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
    
    
    events {
        
        worker_connections 1024;
        accept_mutex on;
        multi_accept on;
        use epoll;
    }
    
    http {
        
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        sendfile        on;
    
        keepalive_timeout  65;
    
        #gzip  on;
    
        server {
        
            listen       8061 ssl;
            server_name  hlhk.com;
    
            ssl_certificate      /root/new_cert/server_nginx.crt;
            ssl_certificate_key  /root/new_cert/server_nginx.key;
    
            ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
            ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    
            ssl_ciphers  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
            ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
            ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    
            location / {
        
    
                proxy_pass  http://hlhk.com;
                proxy_set_header host $host;
                proxy_set_header X-real-ip $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header X-forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    
             }
       }
    }