mysql——数据库备份——使用mysqldump命令备份一个或者多个数据库

拼搏现实的明天。 2023-10-02 08:46 25阅读 0赞

mysqldump命令备份**一个或者多个数据库**；

语法格式：mysqldump -u username -ppassword --databases dbname1 dbname2…… > backupname.sql

\--databases：这个选项表示后面跟一个或者多个数据库。注意前面不是一个横杆，是两个小横杆。

dbname：表示数据库名称；

table1 table2……：表示表的名称

backupname.sql：表示路径和备份的文件名称；

通常备份为.sql文件，但是并非一定是.sql文件，.sql文件给人的感觉是数据库文件。也可以是.txt文件等。

============================================================================================

数据库准备see，下面有3个表和数据

![712177c1f19f627f654e60bb75b9d1bb.png][]

![ab3eca105e32f842c316f44587c2bd0f.png][]

![80fc41765f6dbe36256e11c0895bc9ae.png][]

=========================================================================================

备份一个数据库，即：演示备份see数据库：

mysqldump -u root -p123 --databases see > C:\Users\del\Desktop\s.sql

![3626a7d72ab03fb86dca0fc659fc4ac9.png][]

ps：里面有创建数据库的语句

-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.5.15, for Win32 (x86)
    --
    -- Host: localhost    Database: see
    -- ------------------------------------------------------
    -- Server version    5.5.15
    
    /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
    /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
    /*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
    /*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
    /*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
    /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
    /*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
    /*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
    /*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
    /*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
    
    --
    -- Current Database: `see`
    --
    
    CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `see` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */;
    
    USE `see`;
    
    --
    -- Table structure for table `cr01`
    --
    
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `cr01`;
    /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
    /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
    CREATE TABLE `cr01` (
      `sx` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `mz` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `bz` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
    /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;
    
    --
    -- Dumping data for table `cr01`
    --
    
    LOCK TABLES `cr01` WRITE;
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` DISABLE KEYS */;
    INSERT INTO `cr01` VALUES (1,'sww','sww01'),(2,'aww','aww02'),(3,'qww','qww03'),(4,'eww','eww04'),(5,'rww','rww05'),(6,'yww','yww06'),(7,'uww','uww07');
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` ENABLE KEYS */;
    UNLOCK TABLES;
    
    --
    -- Table structure for table `department`
    --
    
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `department`;
    /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
    /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
    CREATE TABLE `department` (
      `d_id` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `d_name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `functione` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `address` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
    /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;
    
    --
    -- Dumping data for table `department`
    --
    
    LOCK TABLES `department` WRITE;
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` DISABLE KEYS */;
    INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (1001,'keyanbu','yanfachanpin','3lou5hao'),(1002,'shengchanbu','shengchanchanp','5louyiceng'),(1003,'xiaoshoubu','cehuaxiaoshou','1louxiaoshoudating');
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` ENABLE KEYS */;
    UNLOCK TABLES;
    
    --
    -- Table structure for table `employee`
    --
    
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`;
    /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
    /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
    CREATE TABLE `employee` (
      `num` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `d_id` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `age` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `sex` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `homeadd` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
    /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;
    
    --
    -- Dumping data for table `employee`
    --
    
    LOCK TABLES `employee` WRITE;
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` DISABLE KEYS */;
    INSERT INTO `employee` VALUES (1,1001,'zhangsan',26,'nan','beijing'),(2,1001,'lisi',24,'nv','hunan'),(3,1002,'wangwu',25,'nan','jiangsu'),(4,1004,'aric',15,'nan','yingguo');
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` ENABLE KEYS */;
    UNLOCK TABLES;
    /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;
    
    /*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
    /*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
    /*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
    /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
    /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
    /*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
    /*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;
    
    -- Dump completed on 2019-12-26 22:12:22

===============================================================

备份多个数据库，即：演示备份see 和 test 数据库：

mysqldump -u root -p123 --databases see test > C:\Users\del\Desktop\st.sql

![5d40f308989b8ee427bbdfa9fc4c8de5.png][]

ps：里面有创建2个数据库的命令；

-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.5.15, for Win32 (x86)
    --
    -- Host: localhost    Database: see
    -- ------------------------------------------------------
    -- Server version    5.5.15
    
    /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
    /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
    /*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
    /*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
    /*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
    /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
    /*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
    /*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
    /*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
    /*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
    
    --
    -- Current Database: `see`
    --
    
    CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `see` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */;
    
    USE `see`;
    
    --
    -- Table structure for table `cr01`
    --
    
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `cr01`;
    /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
    /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
    CREATE TABLE `cr01` (
      `sx` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `mz` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `bz` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
    /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;
    
    --
    -- Dumping data for table `cr01`
    --
    
    LOCK TABLES `cr01` WRITE;
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` DISABLE KEYS */;
    INSERT INTO `cr01` VALUES (1,'sww','sww01'),(2,'aww','aww02'),(3,'qww','qww03'),(4,'eww','eww04'),(5,'rww','rww05'),(6,'yww','yww06'),(7,'uww','uww07');
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` ENABLE KEYS */;
    UNLOCK TABLES;
    
    --
    -- Table structure for table `department`
    --
    
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `department`;
    /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
    /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
    CREATE TABLE `department` (
      `d_id` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `d_name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `functione` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `address` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
    /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;
    
    --
    -- Dumping data for table `department`
    --
    
    LOCK TABLES `department` WRITE;
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` DISABLE KEYS */;
    INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (1001,'keyanbu','yanfachanpin','3lou5hao'),(1002,'shengchanbu','shengchanchanp','5louyiceng'),(1003,'xiaoshoubu','cehuaxiaoshou','1louxiaoshoudating');
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` ENABLE KEYS */;
    UNLOCK TABLES;
    
    --
    -- Table structure for table `employee`
    --
    
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`;
    /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
    /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
    CREATE TABLE `employee` (
      `num` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `d_id` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `age` int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `sex` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
      `homeadd` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
    /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;
    
    --
    -- Dumping data for table `employee`
    --
    
    LOCK TABLES `employee` WRITE;
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` DISABLE KEYS */;
    INSERT INTO `employee` VALUES (1,1001,'zhangsan',26,'nan','beijing'),(2,1001,'lisi',24,'nv','hunan'),(3,1002,'wangwu',25,'nan','jiangsu'),(4,1004,'aric',15,'nan','yingguo');
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` ENABLE KEYS */;
    UNLOCK TABLES;
    
    --
    -- Current Database: `test`
    --
    
    CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */;
    
    USE `test`;
    /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;
    
    /*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
    /*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
    /*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
    /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
    /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
    /*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
    /*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;
    
    -- Dump completed on 2019-12-26 22:17:46

[712177c1f19f627f654e60bb75b9d1bb.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/712177c1f19f627f654e60bb75b9d1bb.png
[ab3eca105e32f842c316f44587c2bd0f.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/ab3eca105e32f842c316f44587c2bd0f.png
[80fc41765f6dbe36256e11c0895bc9ae.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/80fc41765f6dbe36256e11c0895bc9ae.png
[3626a7d72ab03fb86dca0fc659fc4ac9.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/3626a7d72ab03fb86dca0fc659fc4ac9.png
[5d40f308989b8ee427bbdfa9fc4c8de5.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/5d40f308989b8ee427bbdfa9fc4c8de5.png