定时任务Quartz，spring、springboot 整合Quartz定时任务（面试题可能会问到步骤）

Dear 丶 2023-10-05 21:17 8阅读 0赞

**定时任务Quartz，spring整合定时任务、springboot整合定时任务**  
（个人学习笔记，仅供参考！）  
定时任务的依赖包

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
      <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
      <artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.1</version>
    </dependency>

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

**创建定时任务步骤，实例：  
创建工程，导入依赖：**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
        <artifactId>quartz_demo_1</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
        <packaging>war</packaging>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
                <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
                <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
                <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
                <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
                <artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.1</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <configuration>
                        
                        <port>8080</port>
                        
                        <path>/</path>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>

**（2）自定义一个Job（任务类）**

package com.itheima.job;
    
    /**
     * 自定义Job
     */
    public class JobDemo {
        public void run(){
            System.out.println("job execute...,执行时间："+new Date());
        }
    }

**（3）提供Spring配置文件application-jobs.xml，配置自定义Job、任务描述、触发器、调度工厂等**

【路径】

\*\*1：创建JobDetail对象,作用是负责通过反射调用指定的Job，注入目标对象，注入目标方法  
2：注册一个触发器，指定任务触发的时间 \*\*

**3：注册一个统一的调度工厂，通过这个调度工厂调度任务**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
        
        <bean id="jobDemo" class="com.itheima.job.JobDemo"></bean>
        
        <bean id="jobDetail"
              class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
            
            <property name="targetObject" ref="jobDemo"/>
            
            <property name="targetMethod" value="run"/>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="myTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
            
            <property name="jobDetail" ref="jobDetail"/>
            
            <property name="cronExpression">
                <value>0/10 * * * * ?</value>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="scheduler" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
            
            <property name="triggers">
                <list>
                    <ref bean="myTrigger"/>
                </list>
            </property>
        </bean>
    </beans>

**（4）web.xml中定义  
启动web，自动加载spring容器。**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
             id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
    
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:application-jobs.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>
    </web-app>

定时任务就完成了。可以根据需求自行改变定时任务需要执行的时间。

**实际应用（定时任务定时删除存放在redis中的垃圾图片）：**

package com.szfgw;
    
    import com.szfgw.utils.QiniuUtils;
    import com.szfgw.utils.RedisConstant;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
    
    import java.util.Iterator;
    import java.util.Set;
    
    /**
     * @description:定时任务类，定时清理垃圾图片
     * @author: 月薪过万
     * @date: 2021/3/6 19:41
     * @Version: 1.0
     */
    public class ClearImgJob {
    
        @Autowired
        private JedisPool jedisPool;
    
        //清理图片
        public void clearImg(){
            //计算redis中两个集合的差值，获取垃圾图片名称
            Set<String> set = jedisPool.getResource().sdiff(RedisConstant.SETMEAL_PIC_RESOURCES,
                    RedisConstant.SETMEAL_PIC_DB_RESOURCES);
            //比较器
            Iterator<String> iterator = set.iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()){
                String pic = iterator.next();
                System.out.println("删除图片的名称是：" + pic);
                //删除图片服务器中的图片文件
                QiniuUtils.deleteFileFromQiniu(pic);
    
                //删除redis中的数据
                jedisPool.getResource().srem(RedisConstant.SETMEAL_PIC_RESOURCES,pic);
            }
        }
    }

**定时任务配置文件applicationContext-jobs.xml：**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
        
        <context:annotation-config/>
    
        
        <bean id="jobDemo" class="com.szfgw.ClearImgJob"/>
        
        <bean id="jobDetail" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.MethodInvokingFactoryBean">
            
            <property name="targetObject" ref="jobDemo"/>
            
            <property name="targetMethod" value="clearImg"/>
        </bean>
    
        
        <bean id="myTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
            
            <property name="jobDetail" ref="jobDetail"/>
            
            <property name="cronExpression">
                
                <value>0 0 2 * * ? </value>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="Scheduler" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
            
            <property name="triggers">
                <list>
                    <ref bean="myTrigger"/>
                </list>
            </property>
        </bean>
    </beans>

**redis配置连接文件applicationContext-jobs.xml：**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
           xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
                            http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
                             http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
        
        <bean id="JedisPoolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
            <property name="maxTotal">
                <value>200</value>
            </property>
            <property name="maxIdle">
                <value>50</value>
            </property>
            <property name="testOnBorrow" value="true"/>
            <property name="testOnReturn" value="true"/>
        </bean>
        <bean id="JedisPool" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool">
            <constructor-arg name="poolConfig" ref="JedisPoolConfig"/>
            <constructor-arg name="host" value="127.0.0.1"/>
            <constructor-arg name="port" value="6379" type="int"/>
            <constructor-arg name="timeout" value="30000" type="int"/>
        </bean>
    </beans>

**web.xml配置：**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
             id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
    
        
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
        
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>
    </web-app>

**— 微服务整合定时任务(多个定时任务)**  
微服务定时任务只需要在启动类中加入定时任务注解直接看代码：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAWGlhbzV4aWFvMTIy_size_17_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]  
编写定时任务(同事进行多个任务)  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAWGlhbzV4aWFvMTIy_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]  
定时任务时间单独提出来通过调用的方式给每一个任务符执行时间  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAWGlhbzV4aWFvMTIy_size_11_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]  
meetingUpdateJob：为定时任务一  
solicitUpdateJob：定时任务二

接下来定时任务执行部分：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAWGlhbzV4aWFvMTIy_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]

具体的执行逻辑写在launchMeetingService里，就不用多赘述。  
这样写的好处是可以随时增加或删除定时任务，并且定时任务执行时间如果需要变动只需要改文件中的时间就可以了，不需要修改代码逻辑。

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