Nginx配置与踩坑

淡淡的烟草味﹌ 2023-10-05 22:22 3阅读 0赞

系统平台：CentOS 7

### 安装Nginx ###

1.下载Nginx：[http://nginx.org/][http_nginx.org] ，选择需要的版本/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz ，在a标签中查看

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz
    [root@localhost ~]# ls
    anaconda-ks.cfg  nginx-1.20.2  nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz  res

2.解压

[root@bogon src]# tar zxvf nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz

3.编译配置

#编译安装
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
    make
    make install

如果报错请

安装PCRE库：让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能。

安装zlib库：默认安装，无损数据压缩库

安装gcc：默认安装，编程语言译器

yum install -y gcc 
    yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
    yum install -y zlib zlib-devel

4.查看版本号

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
    [root@localhost sbin]# ls
    nginx
    [root@localhost sbin]# nginx -v
    nginx version: nginx/1.20.2

5.启动Nginx

./nginx 启动
    ./nginx -s stop 快速停止
    ./nginx -s quit 优雅关闭，在退出前完成已经接受的连接请求 
    ./nginx -s reload 重新加载配置
    ps -ef |grep nginx 查看是否启动成功

![607f0847adc843618434f41e7aa2953a.png][]

6. 报错

[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx
    nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:8081 failed (98: Address already in use)
    这里网上说是端口被占用但此时我是修改了端口的为8081端口
    解决方式2：直接杀进程
    https://blog.csdn.net/yufeng_lai/article/details/88819981

如果你要修改端口

[root@localhost nginx]# cd /usr/local/nginx/
    [root@localhost nginx]# ls
    client_body_temp  conf  fastcgi_temp  html  logs  proxy_temp  sbin  scgi_temp  uwsgi_temp
    [root@localhost nginx]# vi ./conf/nginx.conf
    
    
    server {
            #修改此处
            listen     8081;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            #charset koi8-r;
    
            #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
            location / {
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }

检查配置文件nginx.conf的正确性命令：

[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx -t
    nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
    nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

### 防火墙 ###

#1.关闭防火墙 
    [root@localhost sbin]# systemctl stop firewalld
    [root@localhost sbin]# systemctl status firewalld
    ● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
       Active: inactive (dead)
    
    #2.开启防火墙 
    [root@localhost sbin]# systemctl start firewalld
    [root@localhost sbin]# systemctl status firewalld
    ● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
       Active: active (running) since 四 2022-03-31 22:57:11 CST; 35s ago
         Docs: man:firewalld(1)
     Main PID: 8951 (firewalld)
       CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
               └─8951 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid
    #3.查看防火墙状态 
    systemctl status firewalld
    
    #4.重启防火墙
    firewall-cmd --reload

### Nginx配置成系统服务 ###

1.在`/usr/lib/systemd/system`目录下添加nginx.service

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
    
    [Unit]
    Description=nginx web service
    Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
    After=network.target
    
    [Service]
    Type=forking
    #nginx pid文件位置
    PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
    #-t 测试nginx配置文件  -c 指定nginx配置文件位置
    ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
    ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
    ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
    PrivateTmp=true
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=default.target

2.这里可能有权限问题

chmod 755 /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

3.使用系统命令来操作Nginx服务

启动: systemctl start nginx
    停止: systemctl stop nginx
    重启: systemctl restart nginx
    重新加载配置文件: systemctl reload nginx
    查看nginx状态: systemctl status nginx
    开机启动: systemctl enable nginx

![watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5pyJ5qKm5oOz55qE6I-c_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16][]

### Nginx命令配置到系统环境 ###

vi /etc/profile
    在最后一行添加
    export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin
    
    使之立即生效
    source /etc/profile
    
    执行nginx命令
    nginx -V

![40e4bba5031d43fdbff93d529d682a54.png][]

到此结束

![watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5pyJ5qKm5oOz55qE6I-c_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1][]

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![e28609c288846f51e84861b3dae45fe9.png][]

[http_nginx.org]: http://nginx.org/
[607f0847adc843618434f41e7aa2953a.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/607f0847adc843618434f41e7aa2953a.png
[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5pyJ5qKm5oOz55qE6I-c_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/c35d20e9ea6d42ed9799234b524d216d.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA5pyJ5qKm5oOz55qE6I-c,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16
[40e4bba5031d43fdbff93d529d682a54.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/40e4bba5031d43fdbff93d529d682a54.png
[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5pyJ5qKm5oOz55qE6I-c_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/64dceac19b6945bb972c95c28b8a4fa6.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA5pyJ5qKm5oOz55qE6I-c,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16
[e28609c288846f51e84861b3dae45fe9.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/e28609c288846f51e84861b3dae45fe9.png