IOC容器配置方式实现不同数据的注入

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2023-10-15 07:24 29阅读 0赞

1.  ### 创建项目并完成基本运行测试 ###
    
    1.  ##### 环境要求 #####
        
        IDEA开发工具：2022.1.2 JDK：Java17\*\*（Spring6要求JDK最低版本是Java17）\*\* Spring6.0.2
    2.  ##### pom 导入依赖 #####
        
            <dependencies>
                    
                    
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                        <version>6.0.2</version>
                    </dependency>
            
                    
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
                        <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
                        <version>5.3.1</version>
                    </dependency>
            
                    
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        <version>1.18.22</version>
                    </dependency>
                    
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                        <version>1.7.25</version>
                    </dependency>
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                        <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
                        <version>1.2.3</version>
                    </dependency>
                </dependencies>
    3.  ##### 创建user类 #####
        
            //后续测试单实例和多实例使用
            public class User {
                public void print(){
                    System.out.println("print方法被执行！");
                }
            }
    4.  ##### 配置文件 （resouces目录下创建bean.xml，文件名称可变） #####
        
            <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
            <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
                
                
                <bean id="user" class="com.jiejkj.springLearn.User"></bean>
            
            </beans>
    5.  ##### 测试类 #####
        
            public class TestUser {
                @Test
                public void testHelloWorld(){
                    //加载spring配置文件，对象创建
                    ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
                    //获取创建的对象
                    User user = (User) ac.getBean("user");
                    //使用对象调用方法进行测试
                    user.print();
                }
            }
2.  ### 配置方式实现依赖注入的展示 ###
    
    1.  ##### 配置文件 这里xml文件中的语法格式是重点，如果小伙伴只是查看相关语法的话看到这里就好。当然我也会把后续所需要的类和完整的测试方式都贴出来。 #####
        
            <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
            <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
                   xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
                   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
                   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
                   http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
                   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
            
            
            
                
            
            
            
                
                <bean id="teacher" class="com.jiejkj.spring6.entity.Teacher">
                    <property name="teacherId" value="10010"></property>
                    <property name="teacherName" value="大宝"></property>
                </bean>
            
                
                
                <bean id="clazz211" class="com.jiejkj.spring6.entity.Clazz">
                    
                    
                    
                    <property name="clazzId" value="211"></property>
                    <property name="clazzName" value="jiejkj"></property>
                    
                    <property name="testNull">
                        <null/>
                    </property>
                    
                    <property name="testSpecial" value="a < b"/>
                </bean>
            
                
                <bean id="clazz212" class="com.jiejkj.spring6.entity.Clazz">
                    
                    <constructor-arg name="clazzId" value="212"></constructor-arg>
                    <constructor-arg index="1" value="becky"></constructor-arg>
            
                    <constructor-arg name="testNull">
                        <null/>
                    </constructor-arg>
                    
                    <constructor-arg name="testSpecial">
                        <value><![CDATA[a < b]]></value>
                    </constructor-arg>
                </bean>
            
                
                <bean id="studentTom" class="com.jiejkj.spring6.entity.Student">
                    <property name="id" value="1004"></property>
                    <property name="name" value="Tom"></property>
                    
                    <property name="clazz" ref="clazz211"></property>
            
                    
                    <property name="teacher">
                        
                        <bean class="com.jiejkj.spring6.entity.Teacher">
                            <property name="teacherId" value="10010"></property>
                            <property name="teacherName" value="大宝"></property>
                        </bean>
                    </property>
                    
                    <property name="hobbies">
                        <array>
                            <value>唱歌</value>
                            <value>跳舞</value>
                            <value>学Java</value>
                        </array>
                    </property>
                    
                    <property name="classes">
                        <list>
                            
                            
                            <ref bean="clazz211"></ref>
                            <ref bean="clazz212"></ref>
                        </list>
                    </property>
                    
                    <property name="teacherMap">
                        <map>
                            <entry>
                                <key>
                                    <value>10010</value>
                                </key>
                                
                                <ref bean="teacher"></ref>
                            </entry>
                            <entry>
                                <key>
                                    <value>10086</value>
                                </key>
                                <ref bean="teacher"></ref>
                            </entry>
                        </map>
                    </property>
                </bean>
            
                
                
                
                <util:list id="utilClasses">
                    <ref bean="clazz211"></ref>
                    <ref bean="clazz212"></ref>
                </util:list>
                <util:map id="utilTeacherMap">
                    <entry>
                        <key>
                            <value>10010</value>
                        </key>
                        <ref bean="teacher"></ref>
                    </entry>
                    <entry>
                        <key>
                            <value>10086</value>
                        </key>
                        <ref bean="teacher"></ref>
                    </entry>
                </util:map>
                <bean id="studentUtil" class="com.jiejkj.spring6.entity.Student">
                    <property name="id" value="1004"></property>
                    <property name="name" value="赵六"></property>
                    
                    <property name="classes" ref="utilClasses"></property>
                    <property name="teacherMap" ref="utilTeacherMap"></property>
                </bean>
            
                
                
                
                <bean id="studentPTag" class="com.jiejkj.spring6.entity.Student"
                      p:id="10086" p:name="PTag"
                      p:clazz-ref="clazz211" p:classes-ref="utilClasses" p:teacherMap-ref="utilTeacherMap">
                </bean>
            
            
                
                
                <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:fileInfo.properties"/>
                <bean id="clazzContest" class="com.jiejkj.spring6.entity.Clazz">
                    <property name="clazzId" value="${clazzId}"/>
                    <property name="clazzName" value="${clazzName}"/>
                </bean>
            
                
                
                
                
                    <bean id="user" class="com.jiejkj.spring6.entity.User" scope="prototype"></bean>
            
            
                
                
                <bean id="testAuto" class="com.jiejkj.spring6.entity.TestAuto" autowire="byName"></bean>
            </beans>
    2.  ##### 创建测试相关类 #####
        
            //这里以免代码段过多不便于观看，我就直接类都写在一个代码块中了。
            @Data
            @NoArgsConstructor
            @AllArgsConstructor
            @ToString
            public class Clazz {
            
                private Integer clazzId;
            
                private String clazzName;
                //测试特殊的字符注入
                private String testSpecial;
                //测试注入null字段
                private String testNull;
            }
            
            
            @Data
            @NoArgsConstructor
            @AllArgsConstructor
            @ToString
            public class Student {
                private Integer id;
            
                private String name;
            
                private Clazz clazz;
            
                private Teacher teacher;
            
                private String[] hobbies;
            
                private List<Clazz> classes;
            
                private Map<String, Teacher> teacherMap;
            }
            
            
            @Data
            @NoArgsConstructor
            @AllArgsConstructor
            @ToString
            public class Teacher {
                private Integer teacherId;
            
                private String teacherName;
            
            }
            
            
            @Data
            @NoArgsConstructor
            @AllArgsConstructor
            @ToString
            //测试xml自动装配使用
            public class TestAuto {
                private User user;
            }
            
            //后续测试单实例和多实例使用
            public class User {
                public void print(){
                    System.out.println("print方法被执行！");
                }
            }
    3.  ##### fileInfo.properties文件 （ 为了演示读取外部文件） #####
        
            clazzId=1556
            clazzName=jiejkj1758
    4.  ##### 测试类 #####
        
            @Slf4j
            public class IocTest {
                /**
                 * 测试获取bean的三种方式 id、类型、类型+id
                 */
                @Test
                public void testIocGetTeacher(){
                    log.info("测试获取bean的三种方式 id、类型、类型+id");
                    ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
                    User user = (User)ac.getBean("user");
                    //这里需要注意的是根据类型的话要保证xml中只有一个给类型bean，否则会报错
                    User user1 = ac.getBean(User.class);
                    User user2 = ac.getBean("user",User.class);
                    log.info("\nuser={}\nuser1={}\nuser2={}",user,user1,user2);
                }
            
                /**
                 * 测试根据构造方法以及set方法分别注入参数
                 * 同时展示注入null值 和特殊符号值的演示
                 */
                @Test
                public void testIocGetClasses(){
                    log.info("测试根据构造方法以及set方法分别注入参数，同时展示注入null值 和特殊符号值的演示");
                    ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
                    //依赖注入之setter注入
                    Clazz clazz211 = (Clazz)ac.getBean("clazz211");
                    //依赖注入之构造方法注入
                    Clazz clazz212 = (Clazz)ac.getBean("clazz212");
                    log.info("\nclazz211={}\nclazz212={}",clazz211,clazz212);
                }
            
                /**
                 * 演示加载外部bean以及lis和map的方式
                 */
                @Test
                public void testIocGetStudent(){
                    log.info("演示加载外部bean以及lis和map、数组的方式");
                    ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
                    Student studentTom = (Student)ac.getBean("studentTom");
                    log.info("\nstudentTom={}",studentTom);
                }
            
                /**
                 * Util语法展示 实现list和map集合的调用
                 */
                @Test
                public void testIocGetStudentByUtil(){
                    log.info("Util语法展示 实现list和map集合的调用");
                    ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
                    Student studentUtil = (Student)ac.getBean("studentUtil");
                    log.info("\nstudentTom={}",studentUtil);
                }
            
                /**
                 * p命名空间的语法
                 */
                @Test
                public void testIocGetStudentByP(){
                    log.info("p命名空间的语法");
                    ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
                    Student studentUtil = (Student)ac.getBean("studentPTag");
                    log.info("\nstudentTom={}",studentUtil);
                }
            
                /**
                 * 测试读取外部属性文件数据方式
                 */
                @Test
                public void testIocGeTeacherByOutside(){
                    log.info("测试读取外部属性文件数据方式");
                    ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
                    Clazz clazzContest = (Clazz)ac.getBean("clazzContest");
                    log.info("\nclazzContest={}",clazzContest);
                }
            
                /**
                 * 测试bean的作用域范围 即单实例和多实例
                 */
                @Test
                public void testIocObjSingleOrMany(){
                    log.info("测试bean的作用域范围 即单实例和多实例");
                    ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
                    User user = (User)ac.getBean("user");
                    User user2 = (User)ac.getBean("user");
                    log.info("\nuser={}\nuser2={}",user,user2);
                }
                /**
                 * 测试bean的作用域范围 即单实例和多实例
                 */
                @Test
                public void testDataTestAuto() {
                    ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
                    //获取创建的对象
                    TestAuto tstAuto = (TestAuto) ac.getBean("testAuto");
                    tstAuto.getUser().print();
                }
            }