在Linux和Windows上安装分布式事务seata

╰+攻爆jí腚メ 2023-10-15 20:24 35阅读 0赞

## 1 前言 ##

官网地址：[https://seata.io/][https_seata.io]

源码地址：[https://github.com/seata/seata][https_github.com_seata_seata]

官网手册：[https://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/ops/deploy-guide-beginner.html][https_seata.io_zh-cn_docs_ops_deploy-guide-beginner.html]

Seata，一款开源的分布式事务解决方案，致力于提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务。

## 2 在Linux上安装seata ##

安装Seata，存储模式使用MySQL，服务发现和配置使用Nacos。

### 2.1 下载Seata ###

版本：v1.6.0

下载地址：wget https://github.com/seata/seata/releases/download/v1.6.0/seata-server-1.6.0.tar.gz

下载包：seata-server-1.6.0.tar.gz

### 2.2 解压Seata ###

解压命令：tar -zxvf seata-server-1.6.0.tar.gz -C /opt/seata-1.6.0

解析：把seata-server-1.6.0.tar.gz解压到/opt/seata-1.6.0。在seata下的目录。bin目录是启动脚本。conf目录是配置文件。ext目录下是skywalking插件相关内容。lib目录是全量jar包。logs目录是日志包。script目录是脚本目录。target目录是seata-server.jar包。

### 2.3 初始化数据库脚本 ###

本例存储模式使用MySQL数据库。

#### 2.3.1创建数据库和用户 ####

用户名/口令：root/123456

数据库名称：seatadb

登录控制台：mysql -u root -p

在MySQL命令行控制台执行脚本

USE mysql;
    CREATE DATABASE seatadb DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
    CREATE USER root@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
    GRANT ALL ON seatadb .* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

#### 2.3.2 初始化seata数据库 ####

脚本目录：/opt/seata-1.6.0/script/server/db/mysql.sql

初始化表：branch\_table、distributed\_lock、global\_table、lock\_table。

### 2.4 启动Nacos ###

启动脚本目录：/opt/nacos-2.1.1/bin

#### 2.4.1 启动Nacos ####

启动命令：sh startup.sh -m standalone

地址：http://127.0.0.1:18848/nacos

用户名/口令：nacos/nacos

#### 2.4.2 创建seata命名空间 ####

![在这里插入图片描述][f77d31ee9bd84df09c940b3bf2d6aceb.png]

命名空间名称：seata

命名空间ID：4b70485d-72dd-44df-a76a-7a3f578a3001

### 2.5 配置seata ###

在/opt/seata-1.6.0/conf目录下，application.example.yml是配置文件的模板，包含全量配置。application.yml是应用启动时加载配置，根据实际情况按需从application.example.yml中拷贝添加就行

#### 2.5.1 修改application.yml配置 ####

修改文件：/opt/seata-1.6.0/conf/application.yml

修改内容：

server:
      port: 7091
    spring:
      application:
        name: seata-server
    logging:
      config: classpath:logback-spring.xml
      file:
        path: ${
        user.home}/logs/seata
      extend:
        logstash-appender:
          destination: 127.0.0.1:4560
        kafka-appender:
          bootstrap-servers: 127.0.0.1:9092
          topic: logback_to_logstash
    console:
      user:
        username: seata
        password: seata
    seata:
      config:
        type: nacos
        nacos:
          server-addr: 192.168.19.203:18848
          namespace: 142eba5f-a7b5-4a83-85bb-663c582c8ef1
          group: SEATA_GROUP
          username: nacos
          password: nacos
          context-path:
          data-id: seataServer.properties
      registry:
        type: nacos
        nacos:
          application: seata-server
          server-addr: 192.168.19.203:18848
          group: SEATA_GROUP
          namespace: 142eba5f-a7b5-4a83-85bb-663c582c8ef1
          cluster: default
          username: nacos
          password: nacos
          context-path:
      store:
        mode: db
        db:
          datasource: druid
          db-type: mysql
          driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
          url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.19.202:3306/hub_seatadb?rewriteBatchedStatements=true
          user: hub_seata
          password: 12345678
          min-conn: 5
          max-conn: 100
          global-table: global_table
          branch-table: branch_table
          lock-table: lock_table
          distributed-lock-table: distributed_lock
          query-limit: 100
          max-wait: 5000    
      security:
        secretKey: SeataSecretKey0c382ef121d778043159209298fd40bf3850a017
        tokenValidityInMilliseconds: 1800000
        ignore:
          urls: /,/**/*.css,/**/*.js,/**/*.html,/**/*.map,/**/*.svg,/**/*.png,/**/*.ico,/console-fe/public/**,/api/v1/auth/login

#### 2.5.2 在Nacos新建seataServer.properties ####

##### 2.5.2.1 页面配置 #####

在Nacos页面中，选择

命名空间：seata。命名空间ID：4b70485d-72dd-44df-a76a-7a3f578a3001。创建配置seataServer.properties。

Data ID：seataServer.properties。

Group：SEATA\_GROUP

配置格式：Properties

配置内容：从/opt/seata-1.6.0/script/config-center\\config.txt文件中拷贝需求的配置。

本例从config.txt摘取的配置修改过的配置。

service.vgroupMapping.hub_tx_group=default
    store.mode=db
    store.lock.mode=db
    store.session.mode=db
    store.publicKey=123456
    store.db.datasource=druid
    store.db.dbType=mysql
    store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.80.81:3306/seatadb?useUnicode=true&rewriteBatchedStatements=true
    store.db.user=root
    store.db.password=123456

解析：config.txt配置内容在源码包…/seata-1.6.0/config/seata-config-core/src/main/resources/config.txt和安装包/opt/seata-1.6.0/script/config-center/config.txt两处位置都可以找到。

##### 2.5.2.2 配置生效 #####

在Nacos中配置已经生效  
![在这里插入图片描述][d84af5b848654cc4b1f460dc57e95083.png]

### 2.6 启动seata ###

#### 2.6.1启动seata ####

操作目录：/opt/seata-1.6.0/bin

启动命令：sh seata-server.sh

#### 2.6.2查看seata日志 ####

日志：/opt/seata-1.6.0/logs/start.out

命令：tail -f -n 300 /opt/seata-1.6.0/logs/start.out

#### 2.6.3查看seata已注册 ####

在Nacos已经注册了seata-server服务。  
![在这里插入图片描述][e09365fdef1d4fd5837cdcaf15ccefb6.png]

### 2.7 基于普通用户使用seata ###

在启动seata时，不使用root用户直接启动，建议使用普通用户。

改变安装目录赋权给一个普通用户就可以。

#### 2.7.1 创建普通用户操作 ####

创建用户命令：useradd learn

修改密码命令：passwd

解析：在执行passwd时，提示输入密码。可以查看用户信息：cat /etc/passwd。

#### 2.7.2 普通用户信息 ####

用户名称/口令：learn/12345678

#### 2.7.3 把seata的安装目录赋权给普通用户 ####

命令：chown -R learn:learn /opt/seata-1.6.0

#### 2.7.4 启动seata ####

切换用户：su learn

操作目录：/opt/seata-1.6.0/bin

启动命令：sh seata-server.sh

### 2.8 使用nacos-config.sh脚本加载配置 ###

使用nacos-config.sh脚本加载config.txt配置到nacos。

脚本目录：/opt/seata-1.6.0/script/config-center/nacos

命令：sh nacos-config.sh -h 192.168.80.81 -p 18848 -g SEATA\_GROUP -t 4b70485d-72dd-44df-a76a-7a3f578a3001 -u nacos -w nacos

解析：本例没有使用这种方式。

## 3 在Windows上安装seata ##

安装Seata，存储模式使用MySQL，服务发现和配置使用Nacos。

## 3.1 下载Seata ##

版本：v1.6.0

发布日期：Dec 17, 2022

下载地址：https://github.com/seata/seata/releases/download/v1.6.0/seata-server-1.6.0.zip

下载包：seata-server-1.6.0.zip

## 3.2 解压Seata ##

seata-server-1.6.0.zip包解压到D:\\dev\\hub\\ali\\seata-1.6.0。

在seata-1.6.0下的目录。bin目录是启动脚本。conf目录是配置文件。ext目录下是skywalking插件相关内容。lib目录是全量jar包。logs目录是日志包。script目录是脚本目录。target目录是seata-server.jar包。

## 3.3 初始化数据库脚本 ##

本例存储模式使用MySQL数据库。

#### 3.3.1创建数据库和用户 ####

用户名/口令：root/123456

数据库名称：seatadb

登录控制台：mysql -u root -p

在MySQL命令行控制台执行脚本。

#### 3.3.2 初始化seata数据库 ####

脚本目录：/opt/seata-1.6.0/script/server/db/mysql.sql

初始化表：branch\_table、distributed\_lock、global\_table、lock\_table。

### 3.4 其他 ###

其他操作均同2,不再进行赘述

## 4 官方配置和SQL脚本 ##

配置文件均是官网原件。

### 4.1 mysql.sql ###

文件目录：/opt/seata-1.6.0/script/server/db

文件内容：

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
    (
        `xid`                       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
        `transaction_id`            BIGINT,
        `status`                    TINYINT      NOT NULL,
        `application_id`            VARCHAR(32),
        `transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
        `transaction_name`          VARCHAR(128),
        `timeout`                   INT,
        `begin_time`                BIGINT,
        `application_data`          VARCHAR(2000),
        `gmt_create`                DATETIME,
        `gmt_modified`              DATETIME,
        PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
        KEY `idx_status_gmt_modified` (`status` , `gmt_modified`),
        KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
    ) ENGINE = InnoDB
      DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
     
    -- the table to store BranchSession data
    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
    (
        `branch_id`         BIGINT       NOT NULL,
        `xid`               VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
        `transaction_id`    BIGINT,
        `resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
        `resource_id`       VARCHAR(256),
        `branch_type`       VARCHAR(8),
        `status`            TINYINT,
        `client_id`         VARCHAR(64),
        `application_data`  VARCHAR(2000),
        `gmt_create`        DATETIME(6),
        `gmt_modified`      DATETIME(6),
        PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
        KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
    ) ENGINE = InnoDB
      DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
     
    -- the table to store lock data
    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
    (
        `row_key`        VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
        `xid`            VARCHAR(128),
        `transaction_id` BIGINT,
        `branch_id`      BIGINT       NOT NULL,
        `resource_id`    VARCHAR(256),
        `table_name`     VARCHAR(32),
        `pk`             VARCHAR(36),
        `status`         TINYINT      NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0:locked ,1:rollbacking',
        `gmt_create`     DATETIME,
        `gmt_modified`   DATETIME,
        PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
        KEY `idx_status` (`status`),
        KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`),
        KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
    ) ENGINE = InnoDB
      DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
     
    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `distributed_lock`
    (
        `lock_key`       CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
        `lock_value`     VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
        `expire`         BIGINT,
        primary key (`lock_key`)
    ) ENGINE = InnoDB
      DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
     
    INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('AsyncCommitting', ' ', 0);
    INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryCommitting', ' ', 0);
    INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryRollbacking', ' ', 0);
    INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('TxTimeoutCheck', ' ', 0);

### 4.2 config.txt ###

文件目录：/opt/seata-1.6.0/script/config-center

文件内容：

#For details about configuration items, see https://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/user/configurations.html
    #Transport configuration, for client and server
    transport.type=TCP
    transport.server=NIO
    transport.heartbeat=true
    transport.enableTmClientBatchSendRequest=false
    transport.enableRmClientBatchSendRequest=true
    transport.enableTcServerBatchSendResponse=false
    transport.rpcRmRequestTimeout=30000
    transport.rpcTmRequestTimeout=30000
    transport.rpcTcRequestTimeout=30000
    transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
    transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
    transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
    transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
    transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
    transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
    transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
    transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
    transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
    transport.shutdown.wait=3
    transport.serialization=seata
    transport.compressor=none
     
    #Transaction routing rules configuration, only for the client
    service.vgroupMapping.default_tx_group=default
    #If you use a registry, you can ignore it
    service.default.grouplist=127.0.0.1:8091
    service.enableDegrade=false
    service.disableGlobalTransaction=false
     
    #Transaction rule configuration, only for the client
    client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
    client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
    client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
    client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
    client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
    client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=true
    client.rm.tableMetaCheckerInterval=60000
    client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
    client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
    client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
    client.rm.sagaJsonParser=fastjson
    client.rm.tccActionInterceptorOrder=-2147482648
    client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
    client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
    client.tm.defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout=60000
    client.tm.degradeCheck=false
    client.tm.degradeCheckAllowTimes=10
    client.tm.degradeCheckPeriod=2000
    client.tm.interceptorOrder=-2147482648
    client.undo.dataValidation=true
    client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
    client.undo.onlyCareUpdateColumns=true
    server.undo.logSaveDays=7
    server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
    client.undo.logTable=undo_log
    client.undo.compress.enable=true
    client.undo.compress.type=zip
    client.undo.compress.threshold=64k
    #For TCC transaction mode
    tcc.fence.logTableName=tcc_fence_log
    tcc.fence.cleanPeriod=1h
     
    #Log rule configuration, for client and server
    log.exceptionRate=100
     
    #Transaction storage configuration, only for the server. The file, db, and redis configuration values are optional.
    store.mode=file
    store.lock.mode=file
    store.session.mode=file
    #Used for password encryption
    store.publicKey=
     
    #If `store.mode,store.lock.mode,store.session.mode` are not equal to `file`, you can remove the configuration block.
    store.file.dir=file_store/data
    store.file.maxBranchSessionSize=16384
    store.file.maxGlobalSessionSize=512
    store.file.fileWriteBufferCacheSize=16384
    store.file.flushDiskMode=async
    store.file.sessionReloadReadSize=100
     
    #These configurations are required if the `store mode` is `db`. If `store.mode,store.lock.mode,store.session.mode` are not equal to `db`, you can remove the configuration block.
    store.db.datasource=druid
    store.db.dbType=mysql
    store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?useUnicode=true&rewriteBatchedStatements=true
    store.db.user=username
    store.db.password=password
    store.db.minConn=5
    store.db.maxConn=30
    store.db.globalTable=global_table
    store.db.branchTable=branch_table
    store.db.distributedLockTable=distributed_lock
    store.db.queryLimit=100
    store.db.lockTable=lock_table
    store.db.maxWait=5000
     
    #These configurations are required if the `store mode` is `redis`. If `store.mode,store.lock.mode,store.session.mode` are not equal to `redis`, you can remove the configuration block.
    store.redis.mode=single
    store.redis.single.host=127.0.0.1
    store.redis.single.port=6379
    store.redis.sentinel.masterName=
    store.redis.sentinel.sentinelHosts=
    store.redis.maxConn=10
    store.redis.minConn=1
    store.redis.maxTotal=100
    store.redis.database=0
    store.redis.password=
    store.redis.queryLimit=100
     
    #Transaction rule configuration, only for the server
    server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
    server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
    server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
    server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
    server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
    server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
    server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
    server.distributedLockExpireTime=10000
    server.xaerNotaRetryTimeout=60000
    server.session.branchAsyncQueueSize=5000
    server.session.enableBranchAsyncRemove=false
    server.enableParallelRequestHandle=false
     
    #Metrics configuration, only for the server
    metrics.enabled=false
    metrics.registryType=compact
    metrics.exporterList=prometheus
    metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898

[https_seata.io]: https://seata.io/
[https_github.com_seata_seata]: https://github.com/seata/seata
[https_seata.io_zh-cn_docs_ops_deploy-guide-beginner.html]: https://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/ops/deploy-guide-beginner.html
[f77d31ee9bd84df09c940b3bf2d6aceb.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/f77d31ee9bd84df09c940b3bf2d6aceb.png
[d84af5b848654cc4b1f460dc57e95083.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/d84af5b848654cc4b1f460dc57e95083.png
[e09365fdef1d4fd5837cdcaf15ccefb6.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e09365fdef1d4fd5837cdcaf15ccefb6.png