Matlab唱歌？尊嘟假嘟？

港控/mmm° 2023-10-16 00:20 23阅读 0赞

在大二的时候，看到我们的智能优化老师用Matlab唱歌，当时就觉得很牛X,没想到Matlab还能当一个乐器，今天对这个我创作的过程做一个记录，也是对这方面有兴趣的同学做一个引导学习，废话不多说，我们开整！！！

今天我们要演凑的音乐是——**达拉崩吧**

### 1.乐理小知识 ###

#### 1.1 [十二平均律][Link 1] ####

十二平均律又称十二等程律，是将一个八度的音程等分为是分成十二个半音的律制，各相邻两律之间的波长之比完全相等，十二平均律是由中国明朝皇族世子发现的。

![57a881255ad94e26afaf7b2912348241.png][]

#### 1.12 计算方法 ####

一个八音音程，高音频率为基础音的2倍，将这个2连续开12次方，得出1.05946，这就是两个相邻半音之间的概率比。

第一律：![440\*2^\{\\frac\{1\}\{12\}\}][440_2_frac_1_12]

第i律：![440\*2^\{\\frac\{i\}\{12\}\}][440_2_frac_i_12]

乐理知识学习这么多，就已经我们用的了，现在开我们Matlab的教学片！！！

### 2.Matlab教学 ###

#### 2.1 sound函数（将信号数据矩阵转换为声音） ####

语法：

*  sound(y) 以默认采样率8192Hz向扬声器发送音频信号y
 *  sound(y,Fs) 以采样率Fs向扬声器发送音频信号y
 *  sound(y,Fs,nBits) 对音频信号y使用nBits的采样位数

%tone是音符，rhythm是频率大小
    function y=musiclower(tone,rhythm)
    Fs=8192;
    %低DO 低RE 低M 低FA 低SO 低LA 低SI
    freqs=[262,294,330,349,392,440,494];%七个音符对应的频率
    x=linspace(0,2*pi*rhythm,floor(Fs*rhythm));
    y=sin(freqs(tone)*x).*(exp(-0.7*x/rhythm));
    end

>> y=[];
    >> for i=1:7
         y=[y,musiclower(i,0.3)];
    end
    >> plot(y);
    >> sound(y)%默认是8192

![c5c254ba3357468f8f5cdab9705b674c.png][]

音乐就是因为震动产生的，震动的幅度不同，音色自然而然也就不同

所以自然而然的出现了很多优化方式，具体见：[利用包络函数优化MATLAB中sound函数的发声【matlab调音\_2】\_matlab 编程实现包络和音色\_歪卜巴比的博客-CSDN博客][MATLAB_sound_matlab_2_matlab _-CSDN]

### 源代码： ###

*  musiclower.m

*  musiclower\_mid.m

function y=musiclower_mid(tone,rhythm)
    Fs=8192;
    %半音 半DO 半RE 半FA 半SO 半LA
    freqs=[277,311,370,415,466];
    x=linspace(0,2*pi*rhythm,floor(Fs*rhythm));
    y=sin(freqs(tone)*x).*((1-x./rhythm.*2*pi));
    end

*  musicmid.m

%tone是音符，rhythm是频率大小
    %中
    function y=musicmid(tone,rhythm)
    Fs=8192;
    %中DO-1 中SO-5 中LA-6  中SI-7
    freqs=[523,784,880,988];
    x=linspace(0,2*pi*rhythm,floor(Fs*rhythm));
    y=sin(freqs(tone)*x).*(exp(-0.7*x/rhythm));
    end

*  musicmid\_mid.m

function y=musicmid_mid(tone,rhythm)
    Fs=8192;
    %中半音 半FA 半SO 半LA
    freqs=[740,831,932];
    x=linspace(0,2*pi*rhythm,floor(Fs*rhythm));
    y=sin(freqs(tone)*x).*(exp(-0.7*x/rhythm));
    end

*  music\_high.m

function y=music_high(tone,rhythm)
    Fs=8192;
    %高DO 高RE 高M 高FA
    freqs=[1046,1175,1318,1397];%七个音符对应的频率
    x=linspace(0,2*pi*rhythm,floor(Fs*rhythm));
    y=sin(freqs(tone)*x).*(exp(-0.7*x/rhythm));
    end

*  musichigh\_mid.m

function y=musichigh_mid(tone,rhythm)
    Fs=8192;
    %高半音 半DO 半RE 半FA 
    freqs=[1109,1245,1480];
    x=linspace(0,2*pi*rhythm,floor(Fs*rhythm));
    y=sin(freqs(tone)*x).*((1-x./rhythm.*2*pi));
    end

*  dalabengba.m

Fs=9000;%采样频率
    %0%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第一行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    y0=empty(0,0.05);
    y8=empty(0,0.01);
    %低5 下点
    y1=musiclower(2,0.27);
    %低6 下点 延长
    y2=musiclower(3,0.32);
    %低5 下点 延长
    y3=musiclower(2,0.32);
    %低6 下点
    y4=musiclower(3,0.27);
    %中2 延长
    y5=musicmid(3,0.32);
    %中2 
    y6=musicmid(3,0.27);
    %中3 
    y7=musicmid(4,0.27);
    y=[y0,y1,y0,y2,y3,y4,y0,y1,y0,y1,y0,y2,y5,y7,y0,y6,y0,y1,y0,y2,y3,y4,y0,y1,y0,y1,y0,y4,y5,y7,y0,y6];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第二行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    pause(0.5);%暂定0.5
    %低7 
    y9=musiclower(4,0.27);
    %中 1
    y10=musicmid(2,0.27);
    %中 1 下划线
    y13=musicmid(2,0.27);
    %中 2
    y11=musicmid(3,0.27);
    %中 2 下划线
    y14=musicmid(3,0.27);
    %中 3 下线
    y12=musicmid(4,0.27);
    %中 3  连音线
    y16=musicmid(4,0.32);
    %中 3 双连下划线 
    y17=musicmid(4,0.31);
    y=[y,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y7,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y10,y0,y16,y2,y9,...
        y10,y11,y17,y7,y11,y10,y14,y13,y9,y10,y7];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第三行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    %中 2 双连音线
    y18=musicmid(3,0.32);
    %中1 延长
    y19=musicmid(2,0.32);
    y=[y,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y7,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y10,y0,y16,y2,y9,...
      y10,y11,y7,y0,y18,y19,y9,y6,y7];
    
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第四行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    y=[y,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y7,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y10,y0,y16,y2,y9,y19,y11,y7,...
       y7,y11,y10,y14,y13,y9,y10,y7];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第五行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    %双低7 连音
    y20=musiclower(4,0.32);
    %半中2 
    y21=musicmid_mid(3,0.27);
    y=[y,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y7,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y10,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y7,...
        y0,y18,y19,y20,y21,y7];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第六行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    %中6  
    y22=musicmid(1,0.27);
    %中 3
    y23=musicmid(4,0.27);
    %中 半2
    y24=musicmid_mid(3,0.27);
    %中 半4
    y25=musicmid(1,0.27);
    %中 5
    y26=musicmid(1,0.27);
    y=[y,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,y10,y23,y9,y23,y4,y23,y19,y12,y25,y26,y22,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,...
        y9,y23,y4,y23,y10,y12,y25,y25];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第二行 2%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    pause(0.5);%暂定0.5
    %低7 
    y9=musiclower(4,0.27);
    %中 1
    y10=musicmid(2,0.27);
    %中 1 下划线
    y13=musicmid(2,0.27);
    %中 2
    y11=musicmid(3,0.27);
    %中 2 下划线
    y14=musicmid(3,0.27);
    %中 3 下线
    y12=musicmid(4,0.27);
    %中 3  连音线
    y16=musicmid(4,0.32);
    %中 3 双连下划线 
    y17=musicmid(4,0.31);
    y=[y,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y7,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y10,y0,y16,y2,y9,...
        y10,y11,y17,y7,y11,y10,y14,y13,y9,y10,y7];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第三行 2%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    %中 2 双连音线
    y18=musicmid(3,0.32);
    %中1 延长
    y19=musicmid(2,0.32);
    y=[y,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y7,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y10,y0,y16,y2,y9,...
      y10,y11,y7,y0,y18,y19,y9,y6,y7];
    
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第四行 2%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    y=[y,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y7,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y10,y0,y16,y2,y9,y19,y11,y7,...
       y7,y11,y10,y14,y13,y9,y10,y7];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第五行 2%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    %双低7 连音
    y20=musiclower(4,0.32);
    %半中2 
    y21=musicmid_mid(3,0.27);
    y=[y,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y7,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y10,y0,y16,y2,y9,y10,y11,y7,...
        y0,y18,y19,y20,y21,y7];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第六行 2%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    %中6  
    y22=musicmid(1,0.27);
    %中 3
    y23=musicmid(4,0.27);
    %中 半2
    y24=musicmid_mid(3,0.27);
    %中 半4
    y25=musicmid(1,0.27);
    %中 5
    y26=musicmid(1,0.27);
    y=[y,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,y10,y23,y9,y23,y4,y23,y19,y12,y25,y26,y22,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,...
        y9,y23,y4,y23,y10,y12,y25,y25];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第七行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    %半 中5
    y27=empty(620,0.27);
    y=[y,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,y10,y23,y9,y23,y4,y23,y19,y4,y26,y27,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,...
        y9,y23,y4,y23,y10,y22,y0];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第八行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    %长音 8
    y28=musicmid(2,1.5);
    %长音 7
    y29=musicmid(1,1.5);
    %长音 0
    y30=empty(0,1);
    y=[y,y28,y29,y30,y24,y7];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第九行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    y=[y,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,y10,y23,y9,y23,y4,y23,y10,y26,y27,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,...
        y9,y23,y4,y23,y10,y7,y26];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第10行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    %高 1
    y31=music_high(4,0.27);
    %中7
    y32=musicmid_mid(1,0.27);
    y=[y,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,y10,y23,y9,y23,y4,y23,y19,y4,y26,y27,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,...
        y9,y23,y4,y23,y31,y21,y7];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第11行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    y=[y,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,y10,y23,y9,y23,y4,y3,y19,y23,y25,y1,y27,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,...
        y9,y23,y4,y23,y10,y24,y23];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第12行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    y=[y,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,y10,y23,y9,y23,y4,y23,y26,y4,y26,y27,y22,y23,y24,y23,y24,y23,...
        y9,y23,y9,y23,y4,y23,y10,y7,y26];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第13行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    %中 5超级延长 3
    y33=musicmid(1,0.6);
    y=[y,y22,y22,y31,y22,y22,y26,y22,y26,y22,y23,y22,y33,y22,y22,y22,y31,y22,y22,y26,y22,y26,y26,y23,y22,y26,y26,y31,y22];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第14行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    %中 5超级延长 2
    y34=musicmid(1,0.5);
    y=[y,y22,y22,y31,y22,y22,y26,y22,y26,y22,y22,y22,y22,y22,y22,y34,y31,y22,y22,y26,y22,y26,y26,y23,y22,y26,y22,y31,y26,y22,y0];
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%第15行%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    y=[y,y0,y1,y0,y2,y26,y0,y6,y4,y0,y0,y0,y0];
    plot(y);
    filename = 'handel.wav';
    audiowrite(filename,y,Fs);
    sound(y,Fs)

[Link 1]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%9D%87%E5%BE%8B/592297
[57a881255ad94e26afaf7b2912348241.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/57a881255ad94e26afaf7b2912348241.png
[440_2_frac_1_12]: https://latex.csdn.net/eq?440*2%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B12%7D%7D
[440_2_frac_i_12]: https://latex.csdn.net/eq?440*2%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7Bi%7D%7B12%7D%7D
[c5c254ba3357468f8f5cdab9705b674c.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/c5c254ba3357468f8f5cdab9705b674c.png
[MATLAB_sound_matlab_2_matlab _-CSDN]: https://blog.csdn.net/L1234X/article/details/118499740?ops_request_misc=&request_id=&biz_id=102&utm_term=matlab%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~sobaiduweb~default-0-118499740.142%5Ev94%5Einsert_down28v1&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187