第一个SpringMVC入门程序

﹏ヽ暗。殇╰゛Y 2023-10-18 07:29 106阅读 0赞

一、写在前面

1.SpringMVC处理流程

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二、创建工程

1.在Eclipse下新建Dynanic Web Project

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2.输入工程名springmvctest,选择module version为2.5（自动生成web.xml）

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3.建成之后的目录

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4.导入jar包

下载springmvc独立运行所需jar包

[https://download.csdn.net/download/badao\_liumang\_qizhi/10657989][https_download.csdn.net_download_badao_liumang_qizhi_10657989]

失效请留言

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5.将jar包复制到项目的lib目录下

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6.加入配置文件

右击项目----New---Source Folder---config(新建config文件夹)

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7.创建springmvc.xml

在config上右键---New---Others---XML File![Image 1][]![Image 1][]

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取名springmvc.xml

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这里只配置一个Controller扫描就可以了，让Spring对页面控制层Controller进行管理。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
    
     
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.controller" />
    
    </beans>

8.创建包com.controller

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9.打开web.xml，配置前端控制器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
      <display-name>springmvctest</display-name>
      <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
      </welcome-file-list>
      
     <servlet>
      <servlet-name>springmvctest</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <init-param>
       <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
       <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
     </servlet>
    
     <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>springmvctest</servlet-name>
      
      <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
     </servlet-mapping>
     
    </web-app>

10.加入jsp页面

在WEB-INF目录下新建jsp目录，新建itemList.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"  prefix="fmt"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>查询商品列表</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/item/queryitem.action" method="post">
    查询条件：
    <table width="100%" border=1>
    <tr>
    <td><input type="submit" value="查询"/></td>
    </tr>
    </table>
    商品列表：
    <table width="100%" border=1>
    <tr>
     <td>商品名称</td>
     <td>商品价格</td>
     <td>生产日期</td>
     <td>商品描述</td>
     <td>操作</td>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach items="${itemList }" var="item">
    <tr>
     <td>${item.name }</td>
     <td>${item.price }</td>
     <td><fmt:formatDate value="${item.createtime}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/></td>
     <td>${item.detail }</td>
     
     <td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/itemEdit.action?id=${item.id}">修改</a></td>
    
    </tr>
    </c:forEach>
    
    </table>
    </form>
    </body>
    
    </html>

三、数据库搭建

1.执行以下sql语句新建两个表

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `items`;
    CREATE TABLE `items` (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '商品名称',
      `price` float(10,1) NOT NULL COMMENT '商品定价',
      `detail` text COMMENT '商品描述',
      `pic` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品图片',
      `createtime` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '生产日期',
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT charset=utf8;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Records of items
    -- ----------------------------
    INSERT INTO `items` VALUES ('1', '台式机', '3000.0', '该电脑质量非常好！！！！', null, '2016-02-03 13:22:53');
    INSERT INTO `items` VALUES ('2', '笔记本', '6000.0', '笔记本性能好，质量好！！！！！', null, '2015-02-09 13:22:57');
    INSERT INTO `items` VALUES ('3', '背包', '200.0', '名牌背包，容量大质量好！！！！', null, '2015-02-06 13:23:02');
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Table structure for user
    -- ----------------------------
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
    CREATE TABLE `user` (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `username` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名称',
      `birthday` date DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '生日',
      `sex` char(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',
      `address` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址',
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=27 DEFAULT charset=utf8;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Records of user
    -- ----------------------------
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('1', '王五', null, '2', null);
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('10', '张三', '2014-07-10', '1', '北京市');
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('16', '张小明', null, '1', '河南郑州');
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('22', '陈小明', null, '1', '河南郑州');
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('24', '张三丰', null, '1', '河南郑州');
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('25', '陈小明', null, '1', '河南郑州');
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('26', '王五', null, null, null);

2.采用逆向工程（Mybatis 代码生成器）生成model、dao、mapper

参照：

[https://blog.csdn.net/BADAO\_LIUMANG\_QIZHI/article/details/82563696][https_blog.csdn.net_BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI_article_details_82563696]

将生成的文件复制到当前项目

复制后项目目录

![Image 1][]![70 13][]

3.创建ItemController

ItemController是一个普通的java类，不需要实现任何接口。

需要在类上添加@Controller注解，把Controller交由Spring管理

在方法上面添加@RequestMapping注解，里面指定请求的url。其中“.action”可以加也可以不加。

package com.controller;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Date;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    import com.Model.Items;
    import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.schemagen.xmlschema.List;
    
    @Controller
    public class ItemController {
    
     // @RequestMapping：里面放的是请求的url，和用户请求的url进行匹配
     // action可以写也可以不写
     @RequestMapping("/itemList.action")
     public ModelAndView queryItemList() {
      // 创建页面需要显示的商品数据
      ArrayList<Items> list = new ArrayList<Items>();
      list.add(new Items(1, "商品1", 2399f, new Date(), "质量好！1"));
      list.add(new Items(2, "商品2", 2399f, new Date(), "质量好！2"));
      list.add(new Items(3, "商品3", 2399f, new Date(), "质量好！3"));
      list.add(new Items(4, "商品4", 2399f, new Date(), "质量好！4"));
      list.add(new Items(5, "商品5", 2399f, new Date(), "质量好！5"));
      list.add(new Items(6, "商品6", 2399f, new Date(), "质量好！6"));
    
      // 创建ModelAndView，用来存放数据和视图
      ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
      // 设置数据到模型中
      modelAndView.addObject("itemList", list);
      // 设置视图jsp，需要设置视图的物理地址
      modelAndView.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/itemList.jsp");
    
      return modelAndView;
     }
    }

五、启动项目测试

启动项目

浏览器输入：[http://localhost:8080/springmvctest/itemList.action][http_localhost_8080_springmvctest_itemList.action]

效果如下

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[Image 1]: 
[70]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/2018091022285129?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 1]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910222903327?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 2]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910222933145?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 3]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910222951679?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[https_download.csdn.net_download_badao_liumang_qizhi_10657989]: https://download.csdn.net/download/badao_liumang_qizhi/10657989
[70 4]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910223014462?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 5]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910223032244?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 6]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910223106909?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 7]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910223125722?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 8]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910223150318?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 9]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910223244908?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 10]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910223309534?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 11]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910223331281?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 12]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/2018091022341168?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[https_blog.csdn.net_BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI_article_details_82563696]: https://blog.csdn.net/BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI/article/details/82563696
[70 13]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910223504935?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[http_localhost_8080_springmvctest_itemList.action]: http://localhost:8080/springmvctest/itemList.action
[70 14]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180910223538874?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70