如何通过SNMP的OID识别不同厂商的设备

缺乏、安全感 2023-10-18 20:06 34阅读 0赞

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众所周知，SNMP作为通用的网络协议常用于系统监控之中，那么如何借助SNMP来识别不同厂商的设备呢？

事实上，在SNMP的OID树状图中专门有一个节点用于识别各不同的厂商，这个节点是：

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td><img alt="" height="8" src="http://oid-info.com/images/bullet.gif" width="10"><a href="http://oid-info.com/get/1" rel="nofollow">iso(1)</a>&nbsp;<img alt="" height="8" src="http://oid-info.com/images/bullet.gif" width="10"><a href="http://oid-info.com/get/1.3" rel="nofollow">identified-organization(3)</a>&nbsp;<img alt="" height="8" src="http://oid-info.com/images/bullet.gif" width="10"><a href="http://oid-info.com/get/1.3.6" rel="nofollow">dod(6)</a>&nbsp;<img alt="" height="8" src="http://oid-info.com/images/bullet.gif" width="10"><a href="http://oid-info.com/get/1.3.6.1" rel="nofollow">internet(1)</a>&nbsp;<img alt="" height="8" src="http://oid-info.com/images/bullet.gif" width="10"><a href="http://oid-info.com/get/1.3.6.1.4" rel="nofollow">private(4)</a>&nbsp;<img alt="" height="8" src="http://oid-info.com/images/bullet.gif" width="10"><a href="http://oid-info.com/get/1.3.6.1.4.1" rel="nofollow">enterprise(1)</a></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

在这个节点以下的子节点是可以由各厂商或组织申请的，之后如何组织节点交给各厂商或组织自己处理，为私有OID。

比如，对于思科的设备，其子节点是9，我们可以用snmpwalk查找.1.3.6.1.4.1.9这个OID：

`[root@zabbix ~]# snmpwalk -v 2c -c public 192.168.1.1 .1.3.6.1.4.1.9 SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.9.2.1.1.0 = STRING: " System Bootstrap, Version 12.4(13r)T11, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport Copyright (c) 2009 by cisco Systems, Inc. " SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.9.2.1.2.0 = STRING: "power-on" SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.9.2.1.3.0 = STRING: "2821" SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.9.2.1.4.0 = STRING: "yourdomain.com" SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.9.2.1.5.0 = IpAddress: 123.14.143.13 SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.9.2.1.6.0 = IpAddress: 0.0.0.0 SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.9.2.1.8.0 = INTEGER: 105670264 SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.9.2.1.9.0 = INTEGER: 1117 SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.9.2.1.10.0 = INTEGER: 500 ......以下省略......`

目的现在是达到了，但是我们不可能记住每一个OID前面这固定的一串数字，所以为了便于记忆，前面提到的.1.3.6.1.4.1这个前缀也可以写成enterprises，这样，我们只要知道不同厂商自己的子节点ID就可以了。

下面是常见厂商所用的ID列表（数据来源：http://oid-info.com）：

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td><strong>(enterprises.)<strong>ID</strong></strong></td> 
   <td><strong>厂商</strong></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2</td> 
   <td>IBM</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>4</td> 
   <td>UNIX</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>9</td> 
   <td>Cisco Systems, Inc.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>11</td> 
   <td>Hewlett Packard (HP)&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>20</td> 
   <td>MIT</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>23</td> 
   <td>Novell</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>42</td> 
   <td>Sun Microsystems</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>43</td> 
   <td>3COM Enterprise MIBs</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>63</td> 
   <td>Apple Computer, Inc.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>94</td> 
   <td>Nokia</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>111</td> 
   <td>Oracle</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>116</td> 
   <td>Hitachi, Ltd.&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>122</td> 
   <td>Sony</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>161</td> 
   <td>Motorola</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>171</td> 
   <td>D-Link Systems, Inc.&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>172</td> 
   <td>AMP, Inc.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>186</td> 
   <td>Toshiba Corporation</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>232</td> 
   <td>Compaq</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>236</td> 
   <td>Samsung Group</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>311</td> 
   <td>Microsoft</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>343</td> 
   <td>Intel Corporation</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>674</td> 
   <td>Dell Computer Corporation</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>1562</td> 
   <td>Kingston Technology Company</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2011</td> 
   <td>HUAWEI Technology Co.,Ltd&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2312</td> 
   <td>Red Hat Software</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2623</td> 
   <td>ASUSTek Computer Inc.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2636</td> 
   <td>Juniper Networks, Inc.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>3704</td> 
   <td>AMD</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>3797</td> 
   <td>BENQ Corporation</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>3902</td> 
   <td>ZTE Corporation</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>4526</td> 
   <td>Netgear</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>5703</td> 
   <td>NVIDIA Corporation</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>6871</td> 
   <td>VMware Inc.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>11129</td> 
   <td>Google, Inc.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>11863</td> 
   <td>TP-Link Technology Co.,Ltd</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>14331</td> 
   <td>Beijing Topsec Network Security Technology Co., Ltd.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>14823</td> 
   <td>Aruba Networks Inc</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>18060</td> 
   <td>The Apache Software Foundation</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>19046</td> 
   <td>Lenovo Group</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>19621</td> 
   <td>alibaba</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>24993</td> 
   <td>MySQL, Inc.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>25506</td> 
   <td>H3C</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>27645</td> 
   <td>PostgreSQL Global Development Group</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>32353</td> 
   <td>Baidu</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>35047</td> 
   <td>Sangfor Technologies Co.,Ltd.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>41475</td> 
   <td>Shenzhen Tencent computer system Co., Ltd.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>43472</td> 
   <td>APC Integrated Services Group, Inc.</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>