Springboot线程池并发处理数据优化

小灰灰 2023-10-19 08:12 50阅读 0赞

第一步：首先配置线程基本参数，可以放在application.propertes文件种也可以放在自己新建的config/文件目录下，注意：但是需要使用@PropertySource把配置文件进行加载。

# 异步线程配置
    # 配置核心线程数
    async.executor.thread.core_pool_size = 8
    # 配置最大线程数
    async.executor.thread.max_pool_size = 20
    # 配置队列大小
    async.executor.thread.queue_capacity = 99999
    # 配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀
    async.executor.thread.name.prefix = async-service-

第二步：让Spring Boot加载，用来定义如何创建一个`ThreadPoolTaskExecutor`，要使用`@Configuration`和@`EnableAsync`这两个注解，表示这是个配置类，并且是线程池的配置类

@Slf4j
    @EnableAsync
    @Configuration
    public class RCExecutorConfig {
    	
    		@Value("${async.executor.thread.core_pool_size}")
    	    private int corePoolSize;
    	    @Value("${async.executor.thread.max_pool_size}")
    	    private int maxPoolSize;
    	    @Value("${async.executor.thread.queue_capacity}")
    	    private int queueCapacity;
    	    @Value("${async.executor.thread.name.prefix}")
    	    private String namePrefix;
        
    	    @Bean(name = "asyncServiceExecutor")
    	    public Executor asyncServiceExecutor() {
    	        log.info("start asyncServiceExecutor");
    	        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
    	        //ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
    	        //配置核心线程数
    	        executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);
    	        //配置最大线程数
    	        executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
    	        //配置队列大小
    	        executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
    	        //配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀
    	        executor.setThreadNamePrefix(namePrefix);
    	
    	        // rejection-policy：当pool已经达到max size的时候，如何处理新任务
    	        // CALLER_RUNS：不在新线程中执行任务，而是有调用者所在的线程来执行
    	        executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
    	        //执行初始化
    	        executor.initialize();
    	        return executor;
    	    }
    }

第三步：创建一个service接口，是异步线程的接口，便于测试

public interface AsyncService {
    
    	/**
         *  执行异步任务
         *  可以根据需求，自己加参数拟定
         */
        void executeAsync();
    }

第四步：编写现实类，将Service层的服务异步化，在executeAsync()方法上增加注解@Async("asyncServiceExecutor")，asyncServiceExecutor方法是前面RCExecutorConfig.java中的方法名，表明executeAsync方法进入的线程池是asyncServiceExecutor方法创建的。测试方面这里我加入了一个定时任务，使用的是corn表达式。（不懂得同学可以网上了解一下）

@Slf4j
    @Service
    public class AsyncServiceImpl implements AsyncService {
    
    	@Override
    	@Scheduled(cron = " */1 * * * * ? ")
    	@Async("asyncServiceExecutor")
    	public void executeAsync() {
    		log.info("start executeAsync");
            System.out.println("异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务");
            log.info("end executeAsync");		
    	}		
    }

第五步：测试结果如下：

10:32:15.004 [async-service-1] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:15.004 [async-service-1] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:16.003 [async-service-2] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:16.004 [async-service-2] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:17.001 [async-service-3] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:17.001 [async-service-3] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:18.002 [async-service-4] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:18.003 [async-service-4] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:19.002 [async-service-5] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:19.003 [async-service-5] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:20.001 [async-service-6] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:20.002 [async-service-6] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:21.002 [async-service-7] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:21.002 [async-service-7] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:22.004 [async-service-8] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:22.005 [async-service-8] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:23.001 [async-service-1] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:23.003 [async-service-1] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:24.003 [async-service-2] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:24.003 [async-service-2] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:25.001 [async-service-3] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:25.001 [async-service-3] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:26.002 [async-service-4] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:26.002 [async-service-4] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:27.002 [async-service-5] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:27.003 [async-service-5] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:28.001 [async-service-6] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:28.001 [async-service-6] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:29.001 [async-service-7] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:29.002 [async-service-7] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:30.001 [async-service-8] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:30.001 [async-service-8] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:32:31.001 [async-service-1] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:32:31.001 [async-service-1] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync

#### 还没完： ####

通过以上日志可以发现，\[async-service-\]是有多个线程的，显然已经在我们配置的线程池中执行了，表明每次请求都快速响应了，而耗时的操作都留给线程池中的线程去异步执行；

还有另一个问提就是，虽然已经用上了线程池，但是依然不清楚线程池当时的情况，有多少线程在执行，多少在队列中等待呢？于是这里我创建了一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor的子类，可以把每次提交线程的时候都会将当前线程池的运行状况打印出来

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    
    @Slf4j
    public class VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor extends  ThreadPoolTaskExecutor {
    
        /**
    	 * 
    	 */
    	private static final long serialVersionUID = -3518460523928455463L;
    
    	private void showThreadPoolInfo(String prefix) {
            ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor = getThreadPoolExecutor();
    
            if (null == threadPoolExecutor) {
                return;
            }
    
            log.info("{}, {},taskCount [{}], completedTaskCount [{}], activeCount [{}], queueSize [{}]",
                    this.getThreadNamePrefix(),
                    prefix,
                    threadPoolExecutor.getTaskCount(),
                    threadPoolExecutor.getCompletedTaskCount(),
                    threadPoolExecutor.getActiveCount(),
                    threadPoolExecutor.getQueue().size());
        }
    
        @Override
        public void execute(Runnable task) {
            showThreadPoolInfo("1. do execute");
            super.execute(task);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void execute(Runnable task, long startTimeout) {
            showThreadPoolInfo("2. do execute");
            super.execute(task, startTimeout);
        }
    
        @Override
        public Future<?> submit(Runnable task) {
            showThreadPoolInfo("1. do submit");
            return super.submit(task);
        }
    
        @Override
        public <T> Future<T> submit(Callable<T> task) {
            showThreadPoolInfo("2. do submit");
            return super.submit(task);
        }
    
        @Override
        public ListenableFuture<?> submitListenable(Runnable task) {
            showThreadPoolInfo("1. do submitListenable");
            return super.submitListenable(task);
        }
    
        @Override
        public <T> ListenableFuture<T> submitListenable(Callable<T> task) {
            showThreadPoolInfo("2. do submitListenable");
            return super.submitListenable(task);
        }
    
    }

其次：修改RCExecutorConfig.java的asyncServiceExecutor方法，将ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor()改为ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor()

@Bean(name = "asyncServiceExecutor")
    	    public Executor asyncServiceExecutor() {
    	        log.info("start asyncServiceExecutor");
    	        //ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
    	        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
    	        //配置核心线程数
    	        executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);
    	        //配置最大线程数
    	        executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
    	        //配置队列大小
    	        executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
    	        //配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀
    	        executor.setThreadNamePrefix(namePrefix);
    	
    	        // rejection-policy：当pool已经达到max size的时候，如何处理新任务
    	        // CALLER_RUNS：不在新线程中执行任务，而是有调用者所在的线程来执行
    	        executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
    	        //执行初始化
    	        executor.initialize();
    	        return executor;
    	    }

测试结果如下：

异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:41:35.003 [async-service-5] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:41:36.001 [sheduled-pool-1-thread-1] INFO  c.a.a.e.t.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor - async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [5], completedTaskCount [5], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
    10:41:36.001 [async-service-6] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:41:36.002 [async-service-6] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:41:37.001 [sheduled-pool-1-thread-7] INFO  c.a.a.e.t.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor - async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [6], completedTaskCount [6], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
    10:41:37.001 [async-service-7] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:41:37.002 [async-service-7] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:41:38.002 [sheduled-pool-1-thread-7] INFO  c.a.a.e.t.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor - async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [7], completedTaskCount [7], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
    10:41:38.002 [async-service-8] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:41:38.002 [async-service-8] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:41:39.001 [sheduled-pool-1-thread-7] INFO  c.a.a.e.t.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor - async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [8], completedTaskCount [8], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
    10:41:39.001 [async-service-1] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:41:39.002 [async-service-1] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:41:40.003 [sheduled-pool-1-thread-7] INFO  c.a.a.e.t.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor - async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [9], completedTaskCount [9], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
    10:41:40.003 [async-service-2] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:41:40.003 [async-service-2] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:41:41.001 [sheduled-pool-1-thread-7] INFO  c.a.a.e.t.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor - async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [10], completedTaskCount [10], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
    10:41:41.001 [async-service-3] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:41:41.001 [async-service-3] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:41:42.000 [sheduled-pool-1-thread-7] INFO  c.a.a.e.t.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor - async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [11], completedTaskCount [11], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
    10:41:42.000 [async-service-4] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:41:42.000 [async-service-4] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:41:43.001 [sheduled-pool-1-thread-7] INFO  c.a.a.e.t.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor - async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [12], completedTaskCount [12], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
    10:41:43.002 [async-service-5] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:41:43.003 [async-service-5] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:41:44.001 [sheduled-pool-1-thread-7] INFO  c.a.a.e.t.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor - async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [13], completedTaskCount [13], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
    10:41:44.001 [async-service-6] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync
    异步线程执行批量插入等耗时任务
    10:41:44.001 [async-service-6] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - end executeAsync
    10:41:45.000 [sheduled-pool-1-thread-7] INFO  c.a.a.e.t.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor - async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [14], completedTaskCount [14], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
    10:41:45.001 [async-service-7] INFO  c.a.a.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl - start executeAsync

解释：这里意思提交了14个任务，处理了14个任务，对列中还剩0个任务

10:41:45.000 [sheduled-pool-1-thread-7] INFO  c.a.a.e.t.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor - async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [14], completedTaskCount [14], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]

到此为止就OK了！