mysql 启动报错 Can‘t change dir to ‘xxx‘, No such file or directory 配置错误或挂载导致

ゝ一纸荒年。 2024-02-21 10:06 30阅读 0赞

### 省流： ###

挂载的话，使用 **/etc/fstab**

### 正文： ###

在企业中，服务器重启，有时候会遇到mysql 启动报错 Can\`t change dir to 'xxx', No such file or directory。大致意思是无法将目录换成xxx，因为没有这个目录。

原因通常是配置文件配置的目录有问题，或者挂载盘加载慢于mysql启动（mysql的data数据放在挂载盘里）

linux中配置文件是my.cnf，通常路径是 **/etc/my.cnf**

windows中配置文件是my.ini，

mysql配置文件大致内容如下：

# mysql路径
    basedir=/sata09/data/mysql
    # mysql存数据的路径
    datadir=/sata09/data/mysql/data

这篇文章以挂载问题导致为例。

挂载有两种：

rc.local，fstab。最好使用fstab，原因如下：

> 开机挂载mount，/etc/fstab与/etc/rc.d/rc.local区别差不多，差别就是如果你又程序依赖于NFS的话还是的放到fstab比较好。程序启动先加载/etc/fastab文件。
> 
> 放fstab里面会在程序启动前加载上NFS文件系统，放到rc.local里往往造成程序启动加载时找不到路径

我之前的挂载命令是放在/etc/rc.local，现在需要放在/etc/fstab

mount /prd/ssd/ssd01   /ssd01   
    mount /prd/sata/sata01   /sata01

详细日志如下：

Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: mysqld: Can`t change dir to '/sata09/data/mysql/' (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060197Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060311Z 0 [Warning] Can`t create test file /sata09/data/mysql/ali5messrv1.lower-test
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060344Z 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.7.32-log) starting as process 3280 ...
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060369Z 0 [ERROR] Can`t find error-message file '/sata09/data/mysql/share/mysql/errmsg.sys'. Check error-message file location and 'lc-messages-dir' configuration directive.
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060943Z 0 [Warning] Can`t create test file /sata09/data/mysql/ali5messrv1.lower-test
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060950Z 0 [Warning] Can`t create test file /sata09/data/mysql/ali5messrv1.lower-test
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060990Z 0 [ERROR] failed to set datadir to /sata09/data/mysql/
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060998Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting
    
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld_pre_systemd[2476]: mysqld: Can't create directory '/sata09/data/mysql/' (Errcode: 2 - No s...tory)
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld_pre_systemd[2476]: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.867006Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT...ils).
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld_pre_systemd[2476]: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.867111Z 0 [ERROR] Can't find error-message file '/s...tive.
    Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld_pre_systemd[2476]: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.867941Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting
    Oct 17 02:52:03 ali5messrv1 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

[开机挂载mount etc/fstab与/etc/rc.d/rc.local区别-阿里云开发者社区][mount etc_fstab_etc_rc.d_rc.local_-]

Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: mysqld: Can't change dir to '/sata09/data/mysql/' (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)  
Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060197Z 0 \[Warning\] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit\_defaults\_for\_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).  
Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060311Z 0 \[Warning\] Can't create test file /sata09/data/mysql/ali5messrv1.lower-test  
Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060344Z 0 \[Note\] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.7.32-log) starting as process 3280 ...  
Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060369Z 0 \[ERROR\] Can't find error-message file '/sata09/data/mysql/share/mysql/errmsg.sys'. Check error-message file location and 'lc-messages-dir' configuration directive.  
Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060943Z 0 \[Warning\] Can't create test file /sata09/data/mysql/ali5messrv1.lower-test  
Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060950Z 0 \[Warning\] Can't create test file /sata09/data/mysql/ali5messrv1.lower-test  
Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060990Z 0 \[ERROR\] failed to set datadir to /sata09/data/mysql/  
Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.060998Z 0 \[ERROR\] Aborting

Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 systemd\[1\]: Starting MySQL Server...  
Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld\_pre\_systemd\[2476\]: mysqld: Can't create directory '/sata09/data/mysql/' (Errcode: 2 - No s...tory)  
Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld\_pre\_systemd\[2476\]: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.867006Z 0 \[Warning\] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT...ils).  
Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld\_pre\_systemd\[2476\]: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.867111Z 0 \[ERROR\] Can't find error-message file '/s...tive.  
Oct 17 02:50:32 ali5messrv1 mysqld\_pre\_systemd\[2476\]: 2023-10-16T18:50:32.867941Z 0 \[ERROR\] Aborting  
Oct 17 02:52:03 ali5messrv1 systemd\[1\]: Started MySQL Server.

[mount etc_fstab_etc_rc.d_rc.local_-]: https://developer.aliyun.com/article/516428