Spring Boot 集成 Redisson分布式锁（注解版）

野性酷女 2024-03-16 15:27 67阅读 0赞

### ![0093c6bfd7e04ffa847c73d067b82280.png][] ###

Redisson 是一种基于 Redis 的 Java 驻留集群的分布式对象和服务库，可以为我们提供丰富的分布式锁和线程安全集合的实现。在 Spring Boot 应用程序中使用 Redisson 可以方便地实现分布式应用程序的某些方面，例如分布式锁、分布式集合、分布式事件发布和订阅等。本篇是一个使用 Redisson 实现分布式锁的详细示例，在这个示例中，我们定义了DistributedLock注解，它可以标注在方法上，配合DistributedLockAspect切面以及IDistributedLock分布式锁封装的接口，来实现redisson 分布式锁的 API 调用。

### Spring Boot 集成 Redisson ###

1、在 pom.xml 文件中添加 Redisson 的相关依赖

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.redisson</groupId>
        <artifactId>redisson-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>3.16.1</version>
    </dependency>

2、在 application.yml 中配置 Redisson单机模式 的连接信息和相关参数

spring:
      redis:
        host: localhost
        port: 6379
        password: null
    redisson:
      codec: org.redisson.codec.JsonJacksonCodec
      threads: 4
      netty:
        threads: 4
      single-server-config:
        address: "redis://localhost:6379"
        password: null
        database: 0

3、Redission还支持主从、集群、哨兵配置

//主从模式
    spring:
      redis:
        sentinel:
          master: my-master
          nodes: localhost:26379,localhost:26389
        password: your_password
    redisson:
      master-slave-config:
        master-address: "redis://localhost:6379"
        slave-addresses: "redis://localhost:6380,redis://localhost:6381"
        password: ${spring.redis.password}
    
    // 集群模式
    spring:
      redis:
        cluster:
          nodes: localhost:6379,localhost:6380,localhost:6381,localhost:6382,localhost:6383,localhost:6384
        password: your_password
    redisson:
      cluster-config:
        node-addresses: "redis://localhost:6379,redis://localhost:6380,redis://localhost:6381,redis://localhost:6382,redis://localhost:6383,redis://localhost:6384"
        password: ${spring.redis.password}
    
    // 哨兵模式
    spring:
      redis:
        sentinel:
          master: my-master
          nodes: localhost:26379,localhost:26389
        password: your_password
    redisson:
      sentinel-config:
        master-name: my-master
        sentinel-addresses: "redis://localhost:26379,redis://localhost:26380,redis://localhost:26381"
        password: ${spring.redis.password}

### 本地封装Redisson 分布式锁 ###

#### 1、定义IDistributedLock分布式锁接口 ####

public interface IDistributedLock {
        /**
         * 获取锁，默认30秒失效，失败一直等待直到获取锁
         *
         * @param key 锁的key
         * @return 锁对象
         */
        ILock lock(String key);
    
        /**
         * 获取锁,失败一直等待直到获取锁
         *
         * @param key      锁的key
         * @param lockTime 加锁的时间，超过这个时间后锁便自动解锁； 如果lockTime为-1，则保持锁定直到显式解锁
         * @param unit     {@code lockTime} 参数的时间单位
         * @param fair     是否公平锁
         * @return 锁对象
         */
        ILock lock(String key, long lockTime, TimeUnit unit, boolean fair);
    
        /**
         * 尝试获取锁，30秒获取不到超时异常，锁默认30秒失效
         *
         * @param key     锁的key
         * @param tryTime 获取锁的最大尝试时间
         * @return
         * @throws Exception
         */
        ILock tryLock(String key, long tryTime) throws Exception;
    
        /**
         * 尝试获取锁，获取不到超时异常
         *
         * @param key      锁的key
         * @param tryTime  获取锁的最大尝试时间
         * @param lockTime 加锁的时间
         * @param unit     {@code tryTime @code lockTime} 参数的时间单位
         * @param fair     是否公平锁
         * @return
         * @throws Exception
         */
        ILock tryLock(String key, long tryTime, long lockTime, TimeUnit unit, boolean fair) throws Exception;
    
        /**
         * 解锁
         *
         * @param lock
         * @throws Exception
         */
        void unLock(Object lock);
    
    
        /**
         * 释放锁
         *
         * @param lock
         * @throws Exception
         */
        default void unLock(ILock lock) {
            if (lock != null) {
                unLock(lock.getLock());
            }
        }
    
    
    }

#### 2、IDistributedLock实现类 ####

@Slf4j
    @Component
    public class RedissonDistributedLock implements IDistributedLock {
    
        @Resource
        private RedissonClient redissonClient;
        /**
         * 统一前缀
         */
        @Value("${redisson.lock.prefix:bi:distributed:lock}")
        private String prefix;
    
        @Override
        public ILock lock(String key) {
            return this.lock(key, 0L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, false);
        }
    
        @Override
        public ILock lock(String key, long lockTime, TimeUnit unit, boolean fair) {
            RLock lock = getLock(key, fair);
            // 获取锁,失败一直等待,直到获取锁,不支持自动续期
            if (lockTime > 0L) {
                lock.lock(lockTime, unit);
            } else {
                // 具有Watch Dog 自动延期机制 默认续30s 每隔30/3=10 秒续到30s
                lock.lock();
            }
            return new ILock(lock, this);
        }
    
        @Override
        public ILock tryLock(String key, long tryTime) throws Exception {
            return this.tryLock(key, tryTime, 0L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, false);
        }
    
        @Override
        public ILock tryLock(String key, long tryTime, long lockTime, TimeUnit unit, boolean fair)
                throws Exception {
            RLock lock = getLock(key, fair);
            boolean lockAcquired;
            // 尝试获取锁，获取不到超时异常,不支持自动续期
            if (lockTime > 0L) {
                lockAcquired = lock.tryLock(tryTime, lockTime, unit);
            } else {
                // 具有Watch Dog 自动延期机制 默认续30s 每隔30/3=10 秒续到30s
                lockAcquired = lock.tryLock(tryTime, unit);
            }
            if (lockAcquired) {
                return new ILock(lock, this);
            }
            return null;
        }
    
        /**
         * 获取锁
         *
         * @param key
         * @param fair
         * @return
         */
        private RLock getLock(String key, boolean fair) {
            RLock lock;
            String lockKey = prefix + ":" + key;
            if (fair) {
                // 获取公平锁
                lock = redissonClient.getFairLock(lockKey);
            } else {
                // 获取普通锁
                lock = redissonClient.getLock(lockKey);
            }
            return lock;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void unLock(Object lock) {
            if (!(lock instanceof RLock)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid lock object");
            }
            RLock rLock = (RLock) lock;
            if (rLock.isLocked()) {
                try {
                    rLock.unlock();
                } catch (IllegalMonitorStateException e) {
                    log.error("释放分布式锁异常", e);
                }
            }
        }
    }

#### 3、定义ILock锁对象 ####

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
    import lombok.Getter;
    
    import java.util.Objects;
    
    /**
     * <p>
     * RedissonLock 包装的锁对象 实现AutoCloseable接口，在java7的try(with resource)语法，不用显示调用close方法
     * </p>
    
     * @since 2023-06-08 16:57
     */
    @AllArgsConstructor
    public class ILock implements AutoCloseable {
        /**
         * 持有的锁对象
         */
        @Getter
        private Object lock;
        /**
         * 分布式锁接口
         */
        @Getter
        private IDistributedLock distributedLock;
    
        @Override
        public void close() throws Exception {
            if(Objects.nonNull(lock)){
                distributedLock.unLock(lock);
            }
        }
    }

#### 4、注入IDistributedLock接口使用示例 ####

// 定义接口
    public interface IProductSkuSupplierMeasureService {
        /**
         * 保存SKU供应商供货信息
         *
         * @param dto
         * @return
         *
        Boolean saveSupplierInfo(ProductSkuSupplierInfoDTO dto);
    
        /**
         * 编辑SKU供应商供货信息
         *
         * @param dto
         * @return
         */
        Boolean editSupplierInfo(ProductSkuSupplierInfoDTO dto);
    }

**手动释放锁示例**

// 实现类
    @Service
    public class ProductSkuSupplierMeasureServiceImpl 
            implements IProductSkuSupplierMeasureService {
    
        @Resource
        private IDistributedLock distributedLock;    
        
        @Override
        @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
        public Boolean saveSupplierInfo(ProductSkuSupplierInfoDTO dto) {
            // 手动释放锁
            String sku = dto.getSku();
            ILock lock = null;
            try {
                lock = distributedLock.lock(dto.getSku(),10L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, false);
                // 业务代码
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("保存异常", e);
                throw new BaseException(e.getMessage());
            } finally {
                if (Objects.nonNull(lock)) {
                    distributedLock.unLock(lock);
                }
            }
            return Boolean.TRUE;
        }
    
    }

**使用try-with-resources 语法糖自动释放锁**

// 实现类
    @Service
    public class ProductSkuSupplierMeasureServiceImpl 
            implements IProductSkuSupplierMeasureService {
    
        @Resource
        private IDistributedLock distributedLock;    
       
    
        @Override
        @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
        public Boolean editSupplierInfo(ProductSkuSupplierInfoDTO dto) {
           
            String sku = dto.getSku();
            // try-with-resources 语法糖自动释放锁
            try(ILock lock = distributedLock.lock(dto.getSku(),10L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, false)) {
                if(Objects.isNull(lock)){
                    throw new IdempotencyException("Duplicate request for method still in process");
                }
                
                // 业务代码
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("异常", e);
               throw new BaseException(e.getMessage());
            }
            return Boolean.TRUE;
       }
    }

#### 5、使用AOP切面实现分布式锁的绑定 ####

**定义DistributedLock注解**

@Target({ElementType.METHOD})
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    @Documented
    public @interface DistributedLock {
    
        /**
         * 保证业务接口的key的唯一性，否则失去了分布式锁的意义 锁key
         * 支持使用spEl表达式
         */
        String key();
    
        /**
         * 保证业务接口的key的唯一性，否则失去了分布式锁的意义 锁key 前缀
         */
        String keyPrefix() default "";
    
        /**
         * 是否在等待时间内获取锁，如果在等待时间内无法获取到锁，则返回失败
         */
        boolean tryLok() default false;
    
        /**
         * 获取锁的最大尝试时间 ，会尝试tryTime时间获取锁，在该时间内获取成功则返回，否则抛出获取锁超时异常，tryLok=true时，该值必须大于0。
         *
         */
        long tryTime() default 0;
    
        /**
         * 加锁的时间，超过这个时间后锁便自动解锁
         */
        long lockTime() default 30;
    
        /**
         * tryTime 和 lockTime的时间单位
         */
        TimeUnit unit() default TimeUnit.SECONDS;
    
        /**
         * 是否公平锁，false:非公平锁，true:公平锁
         */
        boolean fair() default false;
    }

**定义DistributedLockAspect Lock切面**

@Aspect
    @Slf4j
    public class DistributedLockAspect {
    
        @Resource
        private IDistributedLock distributedLock;
    
        /**
         * SpEL表达式解析
         */
        private SpelExpressionParser spelExpressionParser = new SpelExpressionParser();
    
        /**
         * 用于获取方法参数名字
         */
        private DefaultParameterNameDiscoverer nameDiscoverer = new DefaultParameterNameDiscoverer();
    
        @Pointcut("@annotation(com.yt.bi.common.redis.distributedlok.annotation.DistributedLock)")
        public void distributorLock() {
        }
    
        @Around("distributorLock()")
        public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {
            // 获取DistributedLock
            DistributedLock distributedLock = this.getDistributedLock(pjp);
            // 获取 lockKey
            String lockKey = this.getLockKey(pjp, distributedLock);
            ILock lockObj = null;
            try {
                // 加锁，tryLok = true,并且tryTime > 0时，尝试获取锁，获取不到超时异常
                if (distributedLock.tryLok()) {
                    if(distributedLock.tryTime() <= 0){
                        throw new IdempotencyException("tryTime must be greater than 0");
                    }
                    lockObj = this.distributedLock.tryLock(lockKey, distributedLock.tryTime(), distributedLock.lockTime(), distributedLock.unit(), distributedLock.fair());
                } else {
                    lockObj = this.distributedLock.lock(lockKey, distributedLock.lockTime(), distributedLock.unit(), distributedLock.fair());
                }
    
                if (Objects.isNull(lockObj)) {
                    throw new IdempotencyException("Duplicate request for method still in process");
                }
    
                return pjp.proceed();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw e;
            } finally {
                // 解锁
                this.unLock(lockObj);
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * @param pjp
         * @return
         * @throws NoSuchMethodException
         */
        private DistributedLock getDistributedLock(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws NoSuchMethodException {
            String methodName = pjp.getSignature().getName();
            Class clazz = pjp.getTarget().getClass();
            Class<?>[] par = ((MethodSignature) pjp.getSignature()).getParameterTypes();
            Method lockMethod = clazz.getMethod(methodName, par);
            DistributedLock distributedLock = lockMethod.getAnnotation(DistributedLock.class);
            return distributedLock;
        }
    
        /**
         * 解锁
         *
         * @param lockObj
         */
        private void unLock(ILock lockObj) {
            if (Objects.isNull(lockObj)) {
                return;
            }
    
            try {
                this.distributedLock.unLock(lockObj);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("分布式锁解锁异常", e);
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * 获取 lockKey
         *
         * @param pjp
         * @param distributedLock
         * @return
         */
        private String getLockKey(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp, DistributedLock distributedLock) {
            String lockKey = distributedLock.key();
            String keyPrefix = distributedLock.keyPrefix();
            if (StringUtils.isBlank(lockKey)) {
                throw new IdempotencyException("Lok key cannot be empty");
            }
            if (lockKey.contains("#")) {
                this.checkSpEL(lockKey);
                MethodSignature methodSignature = (MethodSignature) pjp.getSignature();
                // 获取方法参数值
                Object[] args = pjp.getArgs();
                lockKey = getValBySpEL(lockKey, methodSignature, args);
            }
            lockKey = StringUtils.isBlank(keyPrefix) ? lockKey : keyPrefix + lockKey;
            return lockKey;
        }
    
        /**
         * 解析spEL表达式
         *
         * @param spEL
         * @param methodSignature
         * @param args
         * @return
         */
        private String getValBySpEL(String spEL, MethodSignature methodSignature, Object[] args) {
            // 获取方法形参名数组
            String[] paramNames = nameDiscoverer.getParameterNames(methodSignature.getMethod());
            if (paramNames == null || paramNames.length < 1) {
                throw new IdempotencyException("Lok key cannot be empty");
            }
            Expression expression = spelExpressionParser.parseExpression(spEL);
            // spring的表达式上下文对象
            EvaluationContext context = new StandardEvaluationContext();
            // 给上下文赋值
            for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
                context.setVariable(paramNames[i], args[i]);
            }
            return expression.getValue(context).toString();
        }
    
        /**
         * SpEL 表达式校验
         *
         * @param spEL
         * @return
         */
        private void checkSpEL(String spEL) {
            try {
                ExpressionParser parser = new SpelExpressionParser();
                parser.parseExpression(spEL, new TemplateParserContext());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("spEL表达式解析异常", e);
                throw new IdempotencyException("Invalid SpEL expression [" + spEL + "]");
            }
        }
    }

**定义分布式锁注解版启动元注解**

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    @Documented
    @Import({DistributedLockAspect.class})
    public @interface EnableDistributedLock {
    }

#### 6、AOP切面实现分布式锁的绑定使用示例 ####

**启动类添加@EnableDistributedLock启用注解支持**

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDistributedLock
    public class BiCenterGoodsApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            
            SpringApplication.run(BiCenterGoodsApplication.class, args);
            
        }
    }

**@DistributedLock标注需要使用分布式锁的方法**

@ApiOperation("编辑SKU供应商供货信息")
        
        @PostMapping("/editSupplierInfo")
        //@DistributedLock(key = "#dto.sku + '-' + #dto.skuId", lockTime = 10L, keyPrefix = "sku-")
        @DistributedLock(key = "#dto.sku", lockTime = 10L, keyPrefix = "sku-")
        public R<Boolean> editSupplierInfo(@RequestBody @Validated ProductSkuSupplierInfoDTO dto) {
            return R.ok(productSkuSupplierMeasureService.editSupplierInfo(dto));
        }

#dto.sku是 SpEL表达式。Spring中支持的它都支持的。比如调用静态方法，三目表达式。SpEL 可以使用方法中的任何参数。SpEL表达式参考

--------------------

[从原理到实践，分析 Redis 分布式锁的多种实现方案（一）][Redis]

[0093c6bfd7e04ffa847c73d067b82280.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/16/4d174e4afddb46d1b71823fe2da8c718.png
[Redis]: https://blog.csdn.net/Ascend1977/article/details/131221941?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502