java使用ffmpeg获取上传视频的缩略图和时长

àì夳堔傛蜴生んèń 2024-03-22 12:20 15阅读 0赞

## 介绍 ##

FFmpeg是一套可以用来记录、转换数字音频、视频，并能将其转化为流的开源计算机程序。采用LGPL或GPL许可证。它提供了录制、转换以及流化音视频的完整解决方案。它包含了非常先进的音频/视频编解码库libavcodec，为了保证高可移植性和编解码质量，libavcodec里很多code都是从头开发的。

FFmpeg在Linux平台下开发，但它同样也可以在其它操作系统环境中编译运行，包括Windows、Mac OS X等。这个项目最早由Fabrice Bellard发起，2004年至2015年间由Michael Niedermayer主要负责维护。许多FFmpeg的开发人员都来自MPlayer项目，而且当前FFmpeg也是放在MPlayer项目组的服务器上。项目的名称来自MPEG视频编码标准，前面的"FF"代表"Fast Forward"。

[官网地址][Link 1]

[git地址][git]

## springboot使用场景 ##

### maven依赖 ###

> 因为 FFmpeg 依赖做了多平台兼容，整体的包有200多MB，这边我们只取我们需要的功能  
> (查看依赖树会发现就像老太婆的裹脚布)

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                <artifactId>javacpp</artifactId>
                <version>1.5.8</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                <artifactId>javacv</artifactId>
                <version>1.5.8</version>
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>javacpp</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>opencv</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>flycapture</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>libdc1394-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>libfreenect</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>libfreenect2</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>librealsense</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>librealsense2</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>artoolkitplus</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>flandmark</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>leptonica</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>tesseract</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                <artifactId>javacv-platform</artifactId>
                <version>1.5.8</version>
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>ffmpeg-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>openblas-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>opencv-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>flycapture-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>libdc1394-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>libfreenect-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>libfreenect2-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>librealsense-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>librealsense2-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>artoolkitplus-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>flandmark-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>leptonica-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                        <artifactId>tesseract-platform</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <artifactId>javacpp</artifactId>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <artifactId>openblas</artifactId>
                        <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                <artifactId>ffmpeg</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.2-1.5.8</version>
                <classifier>windows-x86_64</classifier>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
                <artifactId>ffmpeg</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.2-1.5.8</version>
                <classifier>linux-x86_64</classifier>
            </dependency>

### 编写工具类 ###

package com.ruoyi.common.utils.file;
    
    import org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.global.avcodec;
    import org.bytedeco.javacv.FFmpegFrameGrabber;
    import org.bytedeco.javacv.Frame;
    import org.bytedeco.javacv.FrameGrabber;
    import org.bytedeco.javacv.Java2DFrameConverter;
    
    import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    
    /**
     * 获取视频首帧图片用于界面展示
     *
     * @author zzxjson
     * 基本信息描述：https://www.cnblogs.com/liangjingfu/p/12858018.html
     * <p>
     * Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'F:\temporary\123456789.mp4':
     * Metadata:
     * major_brand     : isom
     * minor_version   : 512
     * compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
     * encoder         : Lavf58.12.100
     * description     : Tencent SID MTS
     * Duration: 00:04:13.21, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 3167 kb/s
     * Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 1280x720 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 3033 kb/s, 24 fps, 24 tbr, 90k tbn, 48 tbc (default)
     * Metadata:
     * handler_name    : VideoHandler
     * Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 128 kb/s (default)
     * Metadata:
     * handler_name    : SoundHandler
     */
    public class FFmpegUtil {
        
        /**
         * @throws
         * @Title: getTempPath
         * @Description: 生成视频的首帧图片方法
         * @author: Zing
         * @param: @param tempPath 生成首帧图片的文件地址
         * @param: @param filePath 传进来的线上文件
         * @param: @return
         * @param: @throws Exception
         * @return: boolean
         */
        public static Video getTempPath(File targetFile, File file2) throws Exception {
        
            Video video = new Video(false,"00:00:00:00");
            if (!targetFile.getParentFile().exists()) {
        
                targetFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
            }
            System.out.println("确认文件是否是视频...");
            //判断文件是否为视频
            if (isVideo(file2.getAbsolutePath())) {
        
                System.out.println("确认成功！");
                //判断文件是否存在
                if (file2.getParentFile().exists()) {
        
                    FFmpegFrameGrabber ff = new FFmpegFrameGrabber(file2);
                    //获取时长
                    video.setDuration(durationlFormat(ff));
                    //转缩略图
                    video.setGetThumbnail(getThumbnail(file2, targetFile));
                    ff.close();
                } else {
        
                    System.out.println("路径内容错误！" + file2.getParentFile());
                }
            } else {
        
                System.out.println("确认失败！");
            }
            return video;
        }
    
        private static Boolean getThumbnail(File sourceFile, File targetFile) throws FrameGrabber.Exception {
        
            FFmpegFrameGrabber ff = null;
            Frame frame = null;
            try {
        
                ff = new FFmpegFrameGrabber(sourceFile);
                ff.setVideoCodec(avcodec.AV_CODEC_ID_MJPEG);
                ff.start();
                //转缩略图
                int length = ff.getLengthInFrames();
                int i = 0;
                while (i < length) {
        
                    // 过滤前20帧，避免出现全黑的图片（）
                    frame = ff.grabFrame().clone();
                    if ((i > 20) && (frame.image != null)) {
        
                        break;
                    }
                    i++;
                }
                int tmpWidth = frame.imageWidth;
                int tmpHeight = frame.imageHeight;
                // 对截取的帧进行等比例缩放
                int width = 300;
                int height = (int) (((double) width / tmpWidth) * tmpHeight );
                BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR);
                BufferedImage renderedImage = new Java2DFrameConverter().getBufferedImage(frame);
                bi.getGraphics().drawImage(renderedImage.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH), 0, 0, null);
                if (ImageIO.write(bi, "png", targetFile)) {
        
                    System.out.println("输出图片成功！");
                    return true;
                } else {
        
                    System.out.println("输出图片失败！");
                    return false;
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
                return false;
            } finally {
        
                if (ff != null) {
        
                    try {
        
                        ff.close();
                    } catch (Exception e) {
        
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                if (frame != null) {
        
                    frame.close();
                }
            }
        }
    
    
    
    
        /**
         * @throws
         * @Title: isVideo
         * @Description:判断是不是视频
         * @author: Zing
         * @param: @param path 文件路径
         * @param: @return
         * @return: boolean       true是视频 false非视频
         */
        public static boolean isVideo(String path) {
        
            //设置视频后缀
            List<String> typeList = new ArrayList<>();
            typeList.add("mp4");
            typeList.add("flv");
            typeList.add("avi");
            typeList.add("rmvb");
            typeList.add("rm");
            typeList.add("wmv");
            //获取文件名和后缀
            String suffix = path.substring(path.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
            System.out.println(suffix);
            for (String type : typeList) {
        
                //统一为大写作比较
                if (type.toUpperCase().equals(suffix.toUpperCase())) {
        
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        }
    
        /**
         * 格式化时长
         * @return 00:00:00:00
         */
        private static String durationlFormat(FFmpegFrameGrabber ff) throws FrameGrabber.Exception {
        
            try{
        
                ff.start();
                long duration = ff.getLengthInTime() / 1000;
                ff.close();
                return String.format("%02d:%02d:%02d",
                        TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toHours(duration),
                        TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMinutes(duration) % TimeUnit.HOURS.toMinutes(1),
                        TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(duration) % TimeUnit.MINUTES.toSeconds(1));
            }catch (Exception e){
        
                throw e;
            }finally {
        
                ff.close();
            }
        }
    
        public static class Video{
        
            private Boolean getThumbnail;
            private String duration;
    
            public Video(Boolean getThumbnail, String duration) {
        
                this.getThumbnail = getThumbnail;
                this.duration = duration;
            }
    
            public Boolean getGetThumbnail() {
        
                return getThumbnail;
            }
    
            public void setGetThumbnail(Boolean getThumbnail) {
        
                this.getThumbnail = getThumbnail;
            }
    
            public String getDuration() {
        
                return duration;
            }
    
            public void setDuration(String duration) {
        
                this.duration = duration;
            }
    
        }
    }

### 实际应用 ###

public AjaxResult add(MultipartFile file){
        
            //临时文件位置
            String newPath = profilePath + "wareTemporary/";
            String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
            UUID uuid = UUID.randomUUID();
            //临时视频地址
            String temporaryVideoPath = newPath + uuid + originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));
            // 将上传的文件保存到临时文件中
            File tempFile = FileUtil.file(temporaryVideoPath);
            //临时图片地址
            String temporaryThumbnailPath = newPath + uuid + ".png";
            File thumbnail = new File(temporaryThumbnailPath);
            try{
        
                file.transferTo(tempFile);
                //获取课件的时长和缩略图
                FFmpegUtil.Video tempPath = FFmpegUtil.getTempPath(thumbnail,tempFile);
                if (!tempPath.getGetThumbnail()){
        
                    return AjaxResult.error("确认文件类型出错");
                }
                //上传缩略图
                String thumbnailUrl = minioUtil.uploadFile(thumbnail);
                //上传视频
                String videoUrl = minioUtil.uploadFile(tempFile);
                return AjaxResult.success(videoUrl).put("thumbnail",thumbnailUrl).put("duration",tempPath.getDuration());
            }catch (Exception e){
        
                logger.error("上传文件失败",e);
                return AjaxResult.error(e.getMessage());
            }finally {
        
                //删除临时文件
                thumbnail.delete();
                tempFile.delete();
            }
        }

[Link 1]: https://www.ffmpeg.org/
[git]: https://github.com/FFmpeg/FFmpeg