【实战】jenkins api 接口

比眉伴天荒 2024-03-23 13:00 80阅读 0赞

#### jenkins api 接口实战 ####

*  一、Jenkins Api简介
 *  二、Jenkins Api 环境准备
 *   *  1、获取所有job接口
     *  2、获取所有job名字接口
     *  3、获取所有job名字和url接口
 *  三、使用curl调用 获取所有构建队列
 *  四、使用curl调用 获取Job信息
 *  五、使用curl调用操作Job
 *   *  1、操作Job需要验证crumb
     *   *  a、使用token发起接口（不推荐）
         *  b、获取crumb使用
         *  c、上面命令操作完成后会生成config.xml文件
     *  2、创建job
     *  3、复制job
     *  4、修改job
     *  5、无参构建
     *  6、有参构建
     *  7、删除job
 *  六、使用curl调用 操作指定构建的Job
 *   *  1、查看最新构建任务编号
     *  2、查看某次构建控制台日志
     *  3、删除某次构建
 *  七、Python Jenkins Api常用接口操作
 *   *  1、安装 pip install jenkinsapi
     *  2、jenkinsapi 连接Jenkins服务
     *  3、jenkinsapi 获取所有jobs
     *  4、jenkinsapi 获取构建队列
     *  5、jenkinsapi 获取Job信息
     *  6、jenkinsapi 操作Job信息
     *   *  a、查看my\_job.get\_config()信息
         *  b、查看生成的config.xml文件
     *  7、jenkinsapi 操作指定构建的Job
     *  8、整合以上代码

## 一、Jenkins Api简介 ##

**Jenkins 对外暴露的动作交付入口  
为外部程序提供入口，可以控制Jenkins  
支持协议 - Http  
Api 接口支持用户名、密码认证  
Jenkins Api支持的典型功能：运行Job、查看任务状态、返回任务编号…等**

## 二、Jenkins Api 环境准备 ##

创建一个有任务运行和查询权限的用户  
较老版本的Jenkins操作关闭跨站脚本伪造请求保护，新版本的Jenkins无此选项了

### 1、获取所有job接口 ###

> **curl -u USERNAME:PASSWORD “JENKINSURL:PORT/api/json?pretty=true”**

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u admin:admin "http://192.168.22.3:8080/api/json?pretty=true"

![在这里插入图片描述][353fa0462bef4ce1a406dd32955d2d10.png]

### 2、获取所有job名字接口 ###

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u admin:admin -g "http://192.168.22.3:8080/api/json?pretty=true&tree=jobs[name]"
    
    {
        
      "_class" : "hudson.model.Hudson",
      "jobs" : [
        {
        
          "_class" : "hudson.model.FreeStyleProject",
          "name" : "build_no_params"
        },
        {
        
          "_class" : "hudson.model.FreeStyleProject",
          "name" : "build_with_params"
        },
        {
        
          "_class" : "hudson.model.FreeStyleProject",
          "name" : "father_job"
        },
        {
        
          "_class" : "hudson.model.FreeStyleProject",
          "name" : "first_job"
        },
        {
        
          "_class" : "hudson.model.FreeStyleProject",
          "name" : "git_demo"

### 3、获取所有job名字和url接口 ###

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u admin:admin -g "http://192.168.22.3:8080/api/json?pretty=true&tree=jobs[name,url]"
    
    {
        
      "_class" : "hudson.model.Hudson",
      "jobs" : [
        {
        
          "_class" : "hudson.model.FreeStyleProject",
          "name" : "build_no_params",
          "url" : "http://192.168.22.3:8080/job/build_no_params/"
        },
        {
        
          "_class" : "hudson.model.FreeStyleProject",
          "name" : "build_with_params",
          "url" : "http://192.168.22.3:8080/job/build_with_params/"
        },
        {
        
          "_class" : "hudson.model.FreeStyleProject",
          "name" : "father_job",
          "url" : "http://192.168.22.3:8080/job/father_job/"
        },

## 三、使用curl调用 获取所有构建队列 ##

> **curl -u USERNAME:PASSWORD JENKINSURL:PORT/queue/api/json?pretty=true**

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u admin:admin "http://192.168.22.3:8080/queue/api/json?pretty=true"
    {
        
      "_class" : "hudson.model.Queue",
      "discoverableItems" : [
        
      ],
      "items" : [
        
      ]

## 四、使用curl调用 获取Job信息 ##

> **获取任务所有信息  
> curl -u USERNAME:PASSWORD JENKINSURL:PORT/job/JOBNAME/api/json?pretty=true**

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u admin:admin "http://192.168.22.3:8080/job/build_with_params/api/json?pretty=true"

> **获取最后一次构建信息  
> curl -u USERNAME:PASSWORD JENKINSURL:PORT/job/JOBNAME/lastBuild/api/json?pretty=true**

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u admin:admin "http://192.168.22.3:8080/job/build_with_params/lastBuild/api/json?pretty=true"

> **获取最后稳定构建信息  
> curl -u USERNAME:PASSWORD JENKINSURL:PORT/job/JOBNAME/lastStableBuild/api/json?pretty=true**

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u admin:admin "http://192.168.22.3:8080/job/build_with_params/lastStableBuild/api/json?pretty=true"

> **获取最后成功的构建  
> curl -u USERNAME:PASSWORD JENKINSURL:PORT/job/JOBNAME/lastSuccessfulBuild/api/json?pretty=true**

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u admin:admin "http://192.168.22.3:8080/job/build_with_params/lastSuccessfulBuild/api/json?pretty=true"

> **获取最后完成的构建  
> curl -u USERNAME:PASSWORD JENKINSURL:PORT/job/JOBNAME/lastCompletedBuild/api/json?pretty=true**

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u admin:admin "http://192.168.22.3:8080/job/build_with_params/lastCompletedBuild/api/json?pretty=true"

> **最近失败的构建  
> curl -u USERNAME:PASSWORD JENKINSURL:PORT/job/JOBNAME/lastFailedBuild/api/json?pretty=true**

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u admin:admin "http://192.168.22.3:8080/job/maven_demo/lastFailedBuild/api/json?pretty=true"

## 五、使用curl调用操作Job ##

### 1、操作Job需要验证crumb ###

#### a、使用token发起接口（不推荐） ####

![在这里插入图片描述][e991768326ea48ae9718d104903ed29a.png]

#### b、获取crumb使用 ####

[root@mylinux1 ~]# username_password="admin:admin"
    [root@mylinux1 ~]# jenkins_url="http://192.168.22.3:8080"
    [root@mylinux1 ~]# cookie_file="$(mktemp)"
    [root@mylinux1 ~]# jenkins_crumb=$(curl -s -f -u "${username_password}" --cookie-jar "${cookie_file}" -s "${jenkins_url}/crumbIssuer/api/xml?xpath=concat(//crumbRequestField,%22:%22,//crumb)")
    [root@mylinux1 ~]# echo $jenkins_crumb
    Jenkins-Crumb:bcc9f0c335fbcffe6e12f5aa4398ec2bdc74749b72b3389003bdc3f321d9b164

#### c、上面命令操作完成后会生成config.xml文件 ####

[root@mylinux1 ~]# ls config.xml
    config.xml

vim config.xml
    
    <?xml version='1.1' encoding='UTF-8'?>
    <project>
      <description></description>
      <keepDependencies>false</keepDependencies>
      <properties/>
      <scm class="hudson.scm.NullSCM"/>
      <canRoam>true</canRoam>
      <disabled>false</disabled>
      <blockBuildWhenDownstreamBuilding>false</blockBuildWhenDownstreamBuilding>
      <blockBuildWhenUpstreamBuilding>false</blockBuildWhenUpstreamBuilding>
      <triggers/>
      <concurrentBuild>false</concurrentBuild>
      <builders>
        <hudson.tasks.Shell>
          <command>echo "good"</command>
          <configuredLocalRules/>
        </hudson.tasks.Shell>
      </builders>
      <publishers/>
      <buildWrappers/>
    </project>

### 2、创建job ###

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u "${username_password}" "${jenkins_url}/createItem?name=create_job2" --cookie "${cookie_file}" -X POST -H "${jenkins_crumb}" -H 'Content-Type:text/xml' --data-binary "@./config.xml"
    [root@mylinux1 ~]#

![在这里插入图片描述][42bdd3e5cb4e4bfa9d21f0d39bc64a7d.png]

### 3、复制job ###

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u "${username_password}" "${jenkins_url}/createItem?name=create_job3&mode=copy&from=create_job1" --cookie "${cookie_file}" -X POST -H "${jenkins_crumb}"
    [root@mylinux1 ~]#

![在这里插入图片描述][7935b21be5fe47d5a86801e4710ffceb.png]

### 4、修改job ###

![在这里插入图片描述][44b294ac394f4b299a2209793c83da33.png]

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u "${username_password}" "${jenkins_url}/job/create_job2/config.xml" --cookie "${cookie_file}" -X POST -H "${jenkins_crumb}" -H 'Content-Type:text/xml' --data-binary "@./config.xml"
    [root@mylinux1 ~]#

![在这里插入图片描述][1641301e2fb04eeb9f938a68b17c9ccd.png]

### 5、无参构建 ###

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u "${username_password}" "${jenkins_url}/job/build_no_params/build" --cookie "${cookie_file}" -X POST -H "${jenkins_crumb}"
    [root@mylinux1 ~]#

![在这里插入图片描述][35904f572406483092b84ca8ae61dc73.png]

### 6、有参构建 ###

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u "${username_password}" "${jenkins_url}/job/build_with_params/buildWithParameters" --cookie "${cookie_file}" -X POST -H "${jenkins_crumb}" --data-urlencode json='{"env":"dev"}'

![在这里插入图片描述][d34bcc70aaf840e18c848ea9b54aa299.png]

### 7、删除job ###

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u "${username_password}" "${jenkins_url}/job/create_job2/doDelete" --cookie "${cookie_file}" -X POST -H "${jenkins_crumb}"

## 六、使用curl调用 操作指定构建的Job ##

> **查看最新构建任务编号  
> curl -u USERNAME:PASSWORD “JENKINSURL:PORT/job/son\_demo/lastBuild/buildNumber”**  
> **查看某次构建控制台日志  
> curl -u USERNAME:PASSWORD “JENKINSURL:PORT/job/JOBNAME/ID/logText/progressiveText”**  
> **删除某次构建  
> `curl -u USERNAME:PASSWORD "JENKINSURL:PORT/job/JOBNAME/ID/doDelete" -X POST --cookie "${cookie_file}" -H "${jenkins_crumb}"`**

### 1、查看最新构建任务编号 ###

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u "${username_password}" "${jenkins_url}/job/build_with_params/lastBuild/buildNumber"
    5[root@mylinux1 ~]#

![在这里插入图片描述][9e21ff34776a40d3930b32dc9a3d1cb6.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][f56480c79dcf477c92486b5f379c92f8.png]

### 2、查看某次构建控制台日志 ###

[root@mylinux1 ~]# curl -u "${username_password}" "${jenkins_url}/job/build_with_params/6/logText/progressiveText"Started by user admin
    Running as SYSTEM
    Building on the built-in node in workspace /var/jenkins_home/workspace/build_with_params
    [build_with_params] $ /bin/sh -xe /tmp/jenkins11717514708564825855.sh
    + [ online = dev ]
    + [ online = test ]
    + [ online = online ]
    + echo online runtime
    online runtime
    Finished: SUCCESS
    [root@mylinux1 ~]#

![在这里插入图片描述][3eed75d2530a456ca6508588d161769b.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][029d01a19d4c4d6ebfb0e7e52b892855.png]

### 3、删除某次构建 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][550ade606a4b43d991601aee55aed41f.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][5e66260b901344fd9c2be5c7958e4359.png]

## 七、Python Jenkins Api常用接口操作 ##

### 1、安装 pip install jenkinsapi ###

### 2、jenkinsapi 连接Jenkins服务 ###

from jenkinsapi import jenkins
    
    class JenkinsApiStudy:
    
        def __init__(self):
            """
            实现对jenkins的连接
            """
            jenkins_url="http://192.168.22.3:8080"
            #username="admin"
            #password="admin"
            用户名="admin"
            密码="admin"
            self.my_jenkins = jenkins.Jenkins(jenkins_url, username, password, use_crumb=True)

### 3、jenkinsapi 获取所有jobs ###

def get_all_jobs(self):
            """
            jenkinsapi 获取所有jobs
            :return:
            """
            jobs=[]
            # 需要注意，如果请求的url与Jenkins Location配置的Jenkins URL不一致时，获取到的key会拼接上一截地址
            #jobs=self.my_jenkins.keys()  # 获取所有的job名称
            for info in self.my_jenkins.get_jobs_info():
                jobs.append(info) # 获取job的url与名称  比较卡
            return jobs

### 4、jenkinsapi 获取构建队列 ###

def get_queue(self):
            """
            获取队列信息
            :return:
            """
            return self.my_jenkins.get_queue().keys()

### 5、jenkinsapi 获取Job信息 ###

def get_job_info(self,job_name):
            """
            jenkinsapi 获取Job信息
            :return:
            """
            # 获取job对象
            my_job=self.my_jenkins.get_job(job_name)
            # 获取最后一次构建对象
            print(my_job.get_last_build())
            # 获取最后一次完成的构建对象
            print(my_job.get_last_completed_build())
            # 获取最后一次成功的构建对象
            print(my_job.get_last_good_build())
            # 获取最后一次失败的构建编号
            print(my_job.get_last_failed_buildnumber())

### 6、jenkinsapi 操作Job信息 ###

def deal_job(self,job_name):
            """
            jenkinsapi 操作Job信息
            :param job_name: job名称
            :return:
            """
            #my_job = self.my_jenkins.get_job(job_name)
            # 获取job的config
            #print(my_job.get_config())
            # 创建job
            # 先获取到job的config
            with open(f"{
          job_name}_config.xml", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                my = self.my_jenkins.get_job(job_name).get_config()
                f.write(my)
            self.my_jenkins.create_job("create_python_job", open("./build_no_params_config.xml", encoding="utf-8").read())
            # 复制job
            self.my_jenkins.copy_job(job_name, "build_no_params_job1")
            #todo 禁用job：当创建job或者复制job时，会出现job没有构建功能；操作：禁用后再操作启用
            #my_job.disable()
            # 启用job
            #my_job.enable()
            # 重命名job
            self.my_jenkins.rename_job(job_name, f"{
          job_name}_new")
            # 无参构建
            self.my_jenkins.build_job(job_name)
            # 有参构建
            self.my_jenkins.build_job(job_name, params={
        "env": "test"})
            # 删除job
            #self.my_jenkins.delete_job(job_name)

#### a、查看my\_job.get\_config()信息 ####

![在这里插入图片描述][ee285185c4ef476b99322c9affe7c9b8.png]

#### b、查看生成的config.xml文件 ####

![在这里插入图片描述][d17535aa8916453aa5a502d17453fb4c.png]

### 7、jenkinsapi 操作指定构建的Job ###

def get_build_info(self,job_name,build_id=None):
            """
            jenkinsapi 操作指定构建的Job 获取build信息
            :param job_name: job名称
            :param build_id: 构建id
            :return:
            """
            my_job = self.my_jenkins.get_job(job_name)
            # 当前job对象是否在队列/构建中
            print(my_job.is_queued_or_running())
            # 获取指定构建ID的对象
            build_object = my_job.get_build(build_id)
            # 获取构建对象的时间戳
            print(build_object.get_timestamp())
            # 获取控制台日志
            print(build_object.get_console())
            # 获取构建参数
            print(build_object.get_params())
            # 获取构建的状态
            print(build_object.get_status())
            # 获取构建的变更日志
            print(build_object.get_changeset_items())
            # 删除指定构建
            #my_job.delete_build(build_id)

输出结果

2023-04-16 05:52:26+00:00
    Started by user admin
    Running as SYSTEM
    Building on the built-in node in workspace /var/jenkins_home/workspace/build_with_params
    [build_with_params] $ /bin/sh -xe /tmp/jenkins12197874264732667620.sh
    + [ test = dev ]
    + [ test = test ]
    + echo test runtime
    test runtime
    Finished: SUCCESS
    
    {
        'env': 'test'}
    SUCCESS
    []

### 8、整合以上代码 ###

#!/usr/bin/env python
    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    # @Time    : 2023/4/16 21:47
    # @Author  : 杜兰特
    # @File    : jenkins_api_study.py
    
    from jenkinsapi import jenkins
    
    class JenkinsApiStudy:
    
        def __init__(self):
            """
            实现对jenkins的连接
            """
            jenkins_url="http://192.168.22.3:8080"
            #username="admin"
            #password="admin"
            用户名="admin"
            密码="admin"
            self.my_jenkins = jenkins.Jenkins(jenkins_url, username, password, use_crumb=True)
    
        def get_all_jobs(self):
            """
            jenkinsapi 获取所有jobs
            :return:
            """
            jobs=[]
            # 需要注意，如果请求的url与Jenkins Location配置的Jenkins URL不一致时，获取到的key会拼接上一截地址
            #jobs=self.my_jenkins.keys()  # 获取所有的job名称
            for info in self.my_jenkins.get_jobs_info():
                jobs.append(info) # 获取job的url与名称  比较卡
            return jobs
    
        def get_queue(self):
            """
            获取队列信息
            :return:
            """
            return self.my_jenkins.get_queue().keys()
    
        def get_job_info(self,job_name):
            """
            jenkinsapi 获取Job信息
            :return:
            """
            # 获取job对象
            my_job=self.my_jenkins.get_job(job_name)
            # 获取最后一次构建对象
            print(my_job.get_last_build())
            # 获取最后一次完成的构建对象
            print(my_job.get_last_completed_build())
            # 获取最后一次成功的构建对象
            print(my_job.get_last_good_build())
            # 获取最后一次失败的构建编号
            print(my_job.get_last_failed_buildnumber())
    
        def deal_job(self,job_name):
            """
            jenkinsapi 操作Job信息
            :param job_name: job名称
            :return:
            """
            my_job = self.my_jenkins.get_job(job_name)
            # 获取job的config
            print(my_job.get_config())
            # 创建job
            # 先获取到job的config
            # with open(f"{job_name}_config.xml", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
            #     my = self.my_jenkins.get_job(job_name).get_config()
            #     f.write(my)
            #self.my_jenkins.create_job("create_python_job", open("./build_no_params_config.xml", encoding="utf-8").read())
            # 复制job
            # self.my_jenkins.copy_job(job_name, "build_no_params_job1")
            #todo 禁用job：当创建job或者复制job时，会出现job没有构建功能；操作：禁用后再操作启用
            #my_job.disable()
            # # 启用job
            #my_job.enable()
            # 重命名job
            # self.my_jenkins.rename_job(job_name, f"{job_name}_new")
            # 无参构建
            # self.my_jenkins.build_job(job_name)
            # 有参构建
            # self.my_jenkins.build_job(job_name, params={"env": "test"})
            # # 删除job
            #self.my_jenkins.delete_job(job_name)
    
    
        def get_build_info(self,job_name,build_id=None):
            """
            jenkinsapi 操作指定构建的Job 获取build信息
            :param job_name: job名称
            :param build_id: 构建id
            :return:
            """
            my_job = self.my_jenkins.get_job(job_name)
            # 当前job对象是否在队列/构建中
            print(my_job.is_queued_or_running())
            # 获取指定构建ID的对象
            build_object = my_job.get_build(build_id)
            # 获取构建对象的时间戳
            print(build_object.get_timestamp())
            # 获取控制台日志
            print(build_object.get_console())
            # 获取构建参数
            print(build_object.get_params())
            # 获取构建的状态
            print(build_object.get_status())
            # 获取构建的变更日志
            print(build_object.get_changeset_items())
            # 删除指定构建
            #my_job.delete_build(build_id)
    
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        jk=JenkinsApiStudy()
        #print(jk.get_all_jobs())
        #print(jk.get_queue())
        #jk.get_job_info("python_interface_project")
        #jk.deal_job("build_no_params")
        jk.get_build_info("build_with_params",10)

[353fa0462bef4ce1a406dd32955d2d10.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/23/4fb57a445bbd4bc9ab14332748d1a620.png
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