Sentinel 案例

冷不防 2024-03-23 21:59 45阅读 0赞

## Sentinel是什么 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][c2748ddea79d449ea65346dbea8a494b.png]

## Sentinel下载安装运行 ##

官网地址

https://sentinelguard.io/zh-cn/

下载地址，选择自己需要的版本

https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases  
![在这里插入图片描述][894292486f6243dcb5f1ca1070ef234d.png]

Linux 下下载需要先安装 `wget`

wget https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases/download/1.8.2/sentinel-dashboard-1.8.2.jar

![在这里插入图片描述][ca28051e75a5414697f0d3a7070530b5.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][4e1ad4a3c642495bb9d7224eb885b879.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][41b9feb01265455d9fc13b1661ef471a.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][29172bf8b27e45059439af5351635763.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][836d5f8bd5ca47198da547fad8ac3519.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][f2156c057e684f6e9005b942c479024c.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][7d2ff4c9e589431da6259f8c0e52d999.png]

## Sentinel初始化监控 ##

**启动Nacos8848**

**新建工程 - cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401**

**1. pom.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <parent>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
    
        <groupId>com.aloogn</groupId>
        <artifactId>cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401</artifactId>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
                <version>${project.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
                <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
                <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
                <version>4.6.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
    
        </dependencies>
    
    </project>

**2. application.yml**

server:
      port: 8401
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848 #Nacos服务注册中心地址
        sentinel:
          transport:
            dashboard: localhost:8080 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
            port: 8719
    
    management:
      endpoints:
        web:
          exposure:
            include: '*'
    
    feign:
      sentinel:
        enabled: true # 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持

**3. 主启动类 MainApp8401**

package com.atguigu.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class MainApp8401 {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(MainApp8401.class, args);
        }
    }

**4. 业务类 controller.FlowLimitController**

package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;
    
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class FlowLimitController {
        
        @GetMapping("/testA")
        public String testA()
        {
        
            return "------testA";
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/testB")
        public String testB()
        {
        
            log.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+"...testB");
            return "------testB";
        }
    }

**启动 Sentinel8080 - java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.8.2.jar**

**启动微服务8401**

**启动8401微服务后查看sentienl控制台**

*  刚启动，空空如也，啥都没有  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][0b4724eaf0ad4daab3aed16f65ada169.png]
 *  Sentinel采用的懒加载说明
    
     *  执行一次访问即可
        
         *  http://localhost:8401/testA
         *  http://localhost:8401/testB
 *  效果 - sentinel8080正在监控微服务8401  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][e606cb1b3357406e96fa8a730e073395.png]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20d6b5d8585740d7b94e5f273c5962bd.png]

## Sentinel流控规则简介 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][f6ccf0e16cba4a89aa531ca1a3ea2e5a.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][dfec35fc4b35401185547a0651c50233.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][d2c0b921ec2f47b7a65c53be297d87e4.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][c6762b599da24b86849206688f51f9fe.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][f1324bf2c3564269800dd09ddf2019cc.png]

## Sentinel流控-QPS直接失败 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][c46623a040bf4a2ab1a56d2338761dab.png]  
**配置及说明: 表示1秒钟内查询1次就是OK，若超过次数1，就直接->快速失败，报默认错误**  
![在这里插入图片描述][1494e2d00dbd45b98620a77ee14c4b80.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][dbba499761a2451890d466e329e0e449.png]  
**测试**

*  一秒内点击访问一次 http://localhost:8401/testA 没有问题
 *  快速多次点击访问http://localhost:8401/testA
    
     *  结果返回以下结果  
        ![在这里插入图片描述][9107d488c274459c8c7509d6e8fea781.png]  
        **总结：**  
        ![在这里插入图片描述][fc143e4a1a144f9c827d1f861a88d414.png]

**思考**

直接调用默认报错信息，技术方面OK，但是，是否应该有我们自己的后续处理？类似有个fallback的兜底方法?

## Sentinel流控-线程数直接失败 ##

当调用该API的线程数达到阈值的时候，进行限流。可以用JMeter进行并发线程测试

![在这里插入图片描述][a92a3a853db0455da71c6c82ff0c69f7.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][6f72521147564271b583b2698e4b8aac.png]

## Sentinel流控-关联快速失败 ##

*  当自己关联的资源达到阈值时，就限流自己
 *  当与A关联的资源B达到阀值后，就限流A自己（B惹事，A挂了）

**设置testA**  
![在这里插入图片描述][bf7df397055a46e0b5cf513334597af3.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][83e626303a6546daa8a2d133a0ff924c.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][97af3b08e0dc48c49e10fb4a3db42002.png]

**Postman模拟并发密集访问testB**

![在这里插入图片描述][a75a76deba674c9d8e9d86998dc726eb.png]

Run - 大批量线程高并发访问B

Postman运行后，点击访问http://localhost:8401/testA，发现testA挂了

结果Blocked by Sentinel(flow limiting)

## Sentinel流控-链路快速失败 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][6878735fcdc8415380ca699b73021301.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][36e79b1ddc9648af8e7f02d88abbaf7a.png]  
同样的测试方法，使用上一次的postman模拟并发请求/testB，每秒超过阈值1就会限制/testA

结果Blocked by Sentinel(flow limiting)

## Sentinel流控-预热 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][a532a0f72c4c449cb4391fbf2aeda9e8.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][97501ceab65944d7bd51c41a55c667a5.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][5323a99582da4e7f8e65ed2a803fdf14.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][e494c814ae63400a8f0075f3573aa152.png]

案例：

![在这里插入图片描述][14301c6c73d24fb497c7a2b87e59d954.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][d80d76f3c88c481b81f04be6e9c05c2f.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][280448c745e34285b97183532820539d.png]

**测试**

多次快速点击http://localhost:8401/testA - 刚开始不行，后续慢慢OK

**应用场景**  
![在这里插入图片描述][a6d3ca4cbeba42e6b38fe1bdf969675a.png]

## Sentinel流控-排队等待 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][c562d29f5f6342a2aa1cf45a312129f6.png]

官网：

![在这里插入图片描述][c7862834437b48e594b235051b35ee35.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][67b4679e3c44414ba6ee5c6eb8b5c870.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][fedddb743ead4d44b182a41d88290ba1.png]

案例：

![在这里插入图片描述][5343c6fdab2b4bea99841ef1bc79fcef.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][a4ccbc4f62a4440990265744f57ed4af.png]

添加日志记录代码到FlowLimitController的testA方法

@RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class FlowLimitController {
        
        @GetMapping("/testA")
        public String testA()
        {
        
            log.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+"...testA");//<----
            return "------testA";
        }
    
        ...
    }

Postman模拟并发密集访问testA，具体操作参考Sentinel流控-关联

后台结果  
![在这里插入图片描述][033c78b2779c4796a254c0b9a66356dc.png]

## Sentinel降级简介 ##

官网文档  
![在这里插入图片描述][b5e76f658b5748e0bdd6fe41d5ab51b1.png]

**基本介绍**

![在这里插入图片描述][3d9579e66ae74295ae18bd00c6649d8a.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][f3b6106739254d6ebee8e7ba280237b8.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][f8e24ad898994a5db3f8c0dc5698d03e.png]

## Sentinel降级-RT ##

![在这里插入图片描述][854e292888c64be4826dd3b796c1672c.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][5ffefc6c31894f8c931bada4e3f6fd88.png]

**注意：Sentinel 1.7.0才有平均响应时间（DEGRADE\_GRADE\_RT），Sentinel 1.8.0的没有这项，取而代之的是慢调用比例 (SLOW\_REQUEST\_RATIO)。**

慢调用比例 (SLOW\_REQUEST\_RATIO)：选择以慢调用比例作为阈值，需要设置允许的慢调用 RT（即最大的响应时间），请求的响应时间大于该值则统计为慢调用。当单位统计时长（statIntervalMs）内请求数目大于设置的最小请求数目，并且慢调用的比例大于阈值，则接下来的熔断时长内请求会自动被熔断。经过熔断时长后熔断器会进入探测恢复状态（HALF-OPEN 状态），若接下来的一个请求响应时间小于设置的慢调用 RT 则结束熔断，若大于设置的慢调用 RT 则会再次被熔断。  
![在这里插入图片描述][c20a734ebd094521b3dfe037ab6f3daa.png]

**案例 以Sentinel 1.7.0**  
业务类 controller.FlowLimitController 添加以下内容：

@RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class FlowLimitController {
        
    	...
    
        @GetMapping("/testD")
        public String testD() {
        
            try {
         
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); 
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
         
                e.printStackTrace(); 
            }
            log.info("testD 测试RT");
            return "-------testD";
        }
    }

**配置**  
![在这里插入图片描述][923d847293434fb19cb3f7394da9a2b4.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][6939d96578184ff793087b5a6af37fa9.png]

jmeter压测

![在这里插入图片描述][50a60cf600a44a05b611e2ecdb6081c2.png]

结果

![在这里插入图片描述][de0a37089ce6413f87e6abdad0929b23.png]

结论

![在这里插入图片描述][a3077cf3ff514575bc952cc39a27f3ac.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][a41c80338b3140a88f4e04700a17edcc.png]

## Sentinel降级-异常比例 ##

是什么  
![在这里插入图片描述][8c102c40b328436d850ba4a85c83ee87.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][6611a16a182347b6a33c3d44bf3fcf58.png]

**案例 以Sentinel 1.7.0**

业务类 controller.FlowLimitController

@RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class FlowLimitController {
        
    
        ...
    
        @GetMapping("/testD")
        public String testD() {
        
            log.info("testD 异常比例");
            int age = 10/0;
            return "------testD";
        }
    }

配置

![在这里插入图片描述][dcb6a33da62f41f48d7b8093cc4ed23c.png]

jmeter

![在这里插入图片描述][39b721f642384542963eb0cf58024316.png]

**结论**

按照上述配置，单独访问一次，必然来一次报错一次(int age = 10/0)，调一次错一次。

开启jmeter后，直接高并发发送请求，多次调用达到我们的配置条件了。断路器开启(保险丝跳闸)，微服务不可用了，不再报错error而是服务降级了。

**注意：Sentinel 1.8.0 异常比例配置有所改变**

说明：在1000毫秒内，当请求数大于5且异常比例达到阈值50%时，接下来的20秒内自动开启熔断。

![在这里插入图片描述][fa7d4e9f01e343a78cddad595a70959d.png]

## Sentinel降级-异常数 ##

是什么

![在这里插入图片描述][33de7d7ba25e4b299e6abc0d8192f669.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][1f0a148805764602a981cba89eb8685f.png]

**案例 Sentinel 1.7.0**  
业务类 controller.FlowLimitController

@RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class FlowLimitController{
        
    	...
    
        @GetMapping("/testE")
        public String testE()
        {
        
            log.info("testE 测试异常数");
            int age = 10/0;
            return "------testE 测试异常数";
        }
    }

配置

![在这里插入图片描述][f5a845ee1cc74546a2291a1efcf86d2f.png]

访问http://localhost:8401/testE，第一次访问绝对报错，因为除数不能为零，我们看到error窗口，但是达到5次报错后，进入熔断后降级。

**注意： Sentinel 1.8.0 有了半开状态，所以与 Sentinel 1.7.0 的异常数不一样**

当单位统计时长（statIntervalMs）内请求数大于设置的最小请求数，并且异常数大于设置的异常数，则接下来的熔断时长内请求自动会被熔断。经过熔断时长后熔断器会进入探测恢复状态（HALF-OPEN 状态），若接下来的一个请求成功（无异常）则结束熔断，否则会再次被熔断。

说明：在1000毫秒内，当请求数大于5且异常数达到5时，接下来的20秒内自动开启熔断。  
![在这里插入图片描述][c87bd37bd61746f1af26b7dc92d5bc58.png]

## Sentinel热点key(上) ##

官网

![在这里插入图片描述][1e482c3753194cfbbf5d158b1d594706.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][228480113ee44cda9d368c59be93b56f.png]

**案例**  
业务类 controller.FlowLimitController

@RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class FlowLimitController
    {
        
    
        ...
    
        @GetMapping("/testHotKey")
        @SentinelResource(value = "testHotKey", blockHandler = "deal_testHotKey")
        public String testHotKey(@RequestParam(value = "p1", required = false) String p1, @RequestParam(value = "p2", required = false) String p2) {
        
            return "--------------testHotKey";
        }
    
    //    兜底的方法
        public String deal_testHotKey(String p1, String p2, BlockException exception) {
        
            return "-----------deal_testHotKey";
        }
    
    }

配置

![在这里插入图片描述][d78b991101b9456f90c9033a062f4c32.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][adc590c447c34a77ba74c43e1e1d72df.png]

*  快速多次点击访问：http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=a

![在这里插入图片描述][afb883fb9ad64c39a858c4bd71ad0fdb.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][2bca05ccd7524befb521d1ff5e2bb232.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][dba57000d92e4a2080d3be89ae863a27.png]

*  快速多次点击访问：http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=a

![在这里插入图片描述][524d737a122241b2b9e60042583e6dea.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][8f8e73a29bab42eb9f458d0ac7f297b6.png]

## Sentinel热点key(下) ##

上述案例演示了第一个参数p1，当QPS超过1秒1次点击后马上被限流。

**参数例外项**

![在这里插入图片描述][688bfde7e1eb429fb297f43be3e2e059.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][3cca3a35337b44e3a4a9038f5ec10b57.png]

配置

![在这里插入图片描述][31f6daec00d14ec1913f5a0e02830b86.png]

*  http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=1

当p1不等于5的时候，阈值就是平常的1

*  http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=5

当p1等于5的时候，阈值变为200

**前提条件 - 热点参数的注意点，参数必须是基本类型或者String**

**其它**

在业务类方法体抛出异常

@RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class FlowLimitController
    {
        
    
        ...
    
        @GetMapping("/testHotKey")
        @SentinelResource(value = "testHotKey",blockHandler/*兜底方法*/ = "deal_testHotKey")
        public String testHotKey(@RequestParam(value = "p1",required = false) String p1,
                                 @RequestParam(value = "p2",required = false) String p2) {
        
            int age = 10/0;//<----------------------------会抛异常的地方
            return "------testHotKey";
        }
        
        /*兜底方法*/
        public String deal_testHotKey (String p1, String p2, BlockException exception) {
        
            return "------deal_testHotKey";  //sentinel系统默认的提示：Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
        }
    
    }

*  访问 http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=1  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][4e5a4b7e0da74b639c703cd1ff31623b.png]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][5dc2adfd54034d6fa63fd56d6b899554.png]

## Sentinel系统规则 ##

官网

![在这里插入图片描述][bfd840fe3403492ba8765af36d3b9512.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][ec58b36324ad46329dcd58d95e03e266.png]

**案例-配置全局入口QPS**

![在这里插入图片描述][c2825feef1d346fe85ba332b13bbd222.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][04512691fc7c4e7eb65b1edd76e25b66.png]

## SentinelResource配置(上) ##

![在这里插入图片描述][aeae343bbe22445d93acfa739cf4514e.png]

### 按资源名称限流 + 后续处理 ###

**启动Nacos成功**

**启动Sentinel成功**

**修改 Module - cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401**

pom.xml 添加以下内容

<dependency>
                <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
                <version>${project.version}</version>
            </dependency>

业务类 controller.RateLimitController

**配置流控规则**

配置步骤

![在这里插入图片描述][c89781d1582e45938517dad7215f0cf2.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][190f37ab8d4c4f4f833da34ab8dbaf25.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][d10804e54c354e1bbbeeb0b547257362.png]

**测试**

1秒钟访问一次：http://localhost:8401/byResource，OK

![在这里插入图片描述][1f08cf8140aa463f8dd7da1639c6c970.png]

一秒内疯狂点击访问：http://localhost:8401/byResource，返回了自己定义的限流处理信息，限流发生

![在这里插入图片描述][5afb82c9682149f584abf37050a957cf.png]

**额外问题**

![在这里插入图片描述][cd71fbde66ba4c2199b61d907164c182.png]

Sentinel控制台，流控规则消失了

![在这里插入图片描述][16dbba20ce8d45f2b4a1ba30854f606d.png]

### 按照Url地址限流 + 后续处理 ###

**通过访问的URL来限流，会返回Sentinel自带默认的限流处理信息**

**业务类controler.RateLimitController**

@RestController
    public class RateLimitController
    {
        
    	...
    
        @GetMapping("/rateLimit/byUrl")
        @SentinelResource(value = "byUrl")
        public CommonResult byUrl()
        {
        
            return new CommonResult(200,"按url限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial002"));
        }
    }

**Sentinel控制台配置**

![在这里插入图片描述][e39d8083a03848958bd47e5145c65c21.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][0cab9553a14c460ab1745dcede474583.png]

**测试**

1秒钟访问一次：http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl，OK

![在这里插入图片描述][2472b89b7077409b8597217d60466f9e.png]

一秒内疯狂点击访问：http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl，返回了Sentinel默认的限流处理信息，限流发生

![在这里插入图片描述][e068768af0ea471c854ce5cd929d0595.png]

**上面兜底方案面临的问题**

![在这里插入图片描述][434c6999f4e6449aae516d7c59d690e1.png]

**注意：**

![在这里插入图片描述][a9d6ec3b2b0044bf8b796ea8896a8ec1.png]

## SentinelResource配置(中) ##

### 客户自定义限流处理逻辑 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][d8dab4fc6bf440c5b4e46c33d701beaf.png]

**自定义限流处理类 - 创建myhandler.CustomerBlockHandler类用于自定义限流处理逻辑**

![在这里插入图片描述][40c1e49b52f8433a96dccc00edd3ef1d.png]

package com.atguigu.springcloud.myhandler;
    
    import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
    
    public class CustomerBlockHandler {
        
        public static CommonResult handlerException(BlockException exception) {
        
            return new CommonResult(4444, "按客户自定义, global handlerException---------1");
        }
    
        public static CommonResult handlerException2(BlockException exception) {
        
            return new CommonResult(4444, "按客户自定义, global handlerException----------2");
        }
    }

业务类 controller.RateLimitController

@RestController
    public class RateLimitController {
        
    	...
    
        @GetMapping("/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler")
        @SentinelResource(value = "customerBlockHandler",
                          blockHandlerClass = CustomerBlockHandler.class,   //<-------- 自定义限流处理类
                          blockHandler = "handlerException2"    //<-------- 自定义限流处理类里的 handlerException2 方法
        )
        public CommonResult customerBlockHandler () {
        
            return new CommonResult(200, "按客户自定义", new Payment(2020L, "serial003"));
        }
    }

**Sentinel控制台配置**

![在这里插入图片描述][3f07abdab96c4774afb1e1a3c746d596.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][f6205c8a417e443e9ad7c348e669c3ec.png]

**测试**

1秒钟访问一次：http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler，OK

![在这里插入图片描述][627a5cdaec734056a460053d31d8e960.png]

一秒内疯狂点击访问：http://localhost:8401/byResource，返回了自己定义 CustomerBlockHandler 类里 handlerException2 方法的限流处理信息，限流发生

![在这里插入图片描述][f1593c4e75844fe1afc2e9db25fd26a0.png]

**进一步说明**

![在这里插入图片描述][fcfdf42102d849b581c8859df48605dc.png]

## SentinelResource配置(下) ##

### 更多注解属性说明 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][5111ff06efee4938a10caf9314638589.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][e0b9d4eeb4274823a36eeabba2fd5df7.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][a61a78bc6bc94a72af55f49e979c6823.png]

**示例：**

public class TestService {
        
    
        // 原函数
        @SentinelResource(value = "hello", blockHandler = "exceptionHandler", fallback = "helloFallback")
        public String hello(long s) {
        
            return String.format("Hello at %d", s);
        }
        
        // Fallback 函数，函数签名与原函数一致或加一个 Throwable 类型的参数.
        public String helloFallback(long s) {
        
            return String.format("Halooooo %d", s);
        }
    
        // Block 异常处理函数，参数最后多一个 BlockException，其余与原函数一致.
        public String exceptionHandler(long s, BlockException ex) {
        
            // Do some log here.
            ex.printStackTrace();
            return "Oops, error occurred at " + s;
        }
    
        // 这里单独演示 blockHandlerClass 的配置.
        // 对应的 `handleException` 函数需要位于 `ExceptionUtil` 类中，并且必须为 public static 函数.
        @SentinelResource(value = "test", blockHandler = "handleException", blockHandlerClass = {
        ExceptionUtil.class})
        public void test() {
        
            System.out.println("Test");
        }
    }

**详情： https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E6%B3%A8%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81\#sentinelresource-%E6%B3%A8%E8%A7%A3**

### Sentinel主要有三个核心API ###

![在这里插入图片描述][c663a5618ba74755880813a3f5a9e4ed.png]

## Sentinel服务熔断Ribbon环境预说 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][c2fd9807af02464ab3df0d8de391533e.png]

### Ribbon系列 ###

*  启动nacos和sentinel
 *  提供者9003/9004
 *  消费者84

**提供者9003/9004**

新建cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003/9004，两个一样的做法

**cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003**

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003</artifactId>
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
                <version>${project.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
    </project>

application.yml

server:
      port: 9003
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-payment-provider
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址
    
    management:
      endpoints:
        web:
          exposure:
            include: '*'

主启动类 PaymentMain9003

package com.atguigu.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class PaymentMain9003 {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class, args);
        }
    }

业务类 controller.PaymentController

package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;
    
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import java.util.HashMap;
    
    @RestController
    public class PaymentController {
        
        @Value("${server.port}")
        private String serverPort;
    
        //模拟数据库
        public static HashMap<Long, Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
        static
        {
        
            hashMap.put(1L,new Payment(1L,"28a8c1e3bc2742d8848569891fb42181"));
            hashMap.put(2L,new Payment(2L,"bba8c1e3bc2742d8848569891ac32182"));
            hashMap.put(3L,new Payment(3L,"6ua8c1e3bc2742d8848569891xt92183"));
        }
    
        @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
        public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
        {
        
            Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);
            CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200,"from mysql,serverPort:  "+serverPort,payment);
            return result;
        }
    
    }

测试地址 - http://localhost:9003/paymentSQL/1

**cloudalibaba-provider-payment9004**

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9004</artifactId>
    
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
                <version>${project.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </project>

application.yml

server:
      port: 9004
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-payment-provider
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址
    
    management:
      endpoints:
        web:
          exposure:
            include: '*'

主启动类 PaymentMain9004

package com.atguigu.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class PaymentMain9004 {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9004.class, args);
        }
    }

业务类 controller.PaymentController

测试地址 - http://localhost:9004/paymentSQL/1

**消费者84**

新建cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId>
    
        <dependencies>
            
            
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
                <version>${project.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </project>

application.yml

server:
      port: 84
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-order-consumer
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848
        sentinel:
          transport:
            #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
            dashboard: localhost:8080
            #默认8719端口，假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口
            port: 8719
    
    #消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者)
    service-url:
      nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider
    
    # 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
    feign:
      sentinel:
        enabled: true

主启动类 OrderNacosMain84

package com.atguigu.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class OrderNacosMain84 {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
        }
    }

配置类 config.ApplicationContextConfig

package com.atguigu.springcloud.config;
    
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    @Configuration
    public class ApplicationContextConfig {
        
    
        @Bean
        @LoadBalanced
        public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
    }

业务类 controller.CircleBreakerController

package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;
    
    import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    @RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class CircleBreakerController {
        
        public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
    
        @Resource
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    
        @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
        @SentinelResource(value = "fallback")//没有配置
        public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
        {
        
            CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
    
            if (id == 4) {
        
                throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
            }else if (result.getData() == null) {
        
                throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
            }
    
            return result;
        }
    
    }

测试地址 - http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1

![在这里插入图片描述][9c1392feb2ed445c906cef06faa0f7e8.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][9b5df81be02741358b554bfae1e8227e.png]

## Sentinel服务熔断无配置 ##

**没有任何配置 - 给用户error页面，不友好**

访问： http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1 正常， 超过 4 就不会报错

![在这里插入图片描述][9dd1544c83a345be91883365d36d014c.png]

## Sentinel服务熔断只配置fallback ##

**fallback只负责业务异常**

修改业务类 controller.CircleBreakerController

package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;
    
    import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    @RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class CircleBreakerController {
        
        public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
    
        @Resource
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    
        @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    //    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback")   // 没有配置
        @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback") // 只配置 fallback, fallback 只负责业务异常
        public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
        {
        
            CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
    
            if (id == 4) {
        
                throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
            }else if (result.getData() == null) {
        
                throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
            }
    
            return result;
        }
    
        // 本例是 fallback
        public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id, Throwable e) {
        
            Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
            return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容  "+e.getMessage(),payment);
        }
    
    }

测试地址 - http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/5

页面返回结果：

![在这里插入图片描述][e84a1cc964104444b8d9afa6a7119e20.png]

## Sentinel服务熔断只配置blockHandler ##

**blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配置违规**

修改业务类 controller.CircleBreakerController

package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;
    
    import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
    import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    @RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class CircleBreakerController {
        
        public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
    
        @Resource
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    
        @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    //    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback")   // 没有配置
    //    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback") // 只配置 fallback, fallback 只负责业务异常
        @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler") // 只配置 blockHandler, blockHandler 只负责sentinel控制台配置违规
        public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
        {
        
            CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
    
            if (id == 4) {
        
                throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
            }else if (result.getData() == null) {
        
                throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
            }
    
            return result;
        }
    
        // 本例是 fallback
    //    public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id, Throwable e) {
        
    //        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
    //        return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容  "+e.getMessage(),payment);
    //    }
    
        //本例是blockHandler
        public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable  Long id, BlockException blockException) {
        
            Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
            return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException  "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
        }
    
    }

Sentinel 配置

![在这里插入图片描述][5e79bf303b324c2b9cc325f2de9f7026.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][a8bfe88fb5bb41c1864f6c6b9efc5c12.png]

测试地址 - http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

页面返回结果：  
![在这里插入图片描述][3636389164aa406da232c21129fd8769.png]

## Sentinel服务熔断fallback和blockHandler都配置 ##

**若blockHandler和fallback 都进行了配置，则被限流降级而抛出BlockException时只会进入blockHandler处理逻辑**

修改业务类 controller.CircleBreakerController

package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;
    
    import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
    import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    @RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class CircleBreakerController {
        
        public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
    
        @Resource
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    
        @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    //    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback")   // 没有配置
    //    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback") // 只配置 fallback, fallback 只负责业务异常
    //    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler") // 只配置 blockHandler, blockHandler 只负责sentinel控制台配置违规
        @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler")  // fallback 和 blockHandler 都配置
        public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
        {
        
            CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
    
            if (id == 4) {
        
                throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
            }else if (result.getData() == null) {
        
                throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
            }
    
            return result;
        }
    
        // 本例是 fallback
        public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id, Throwable e) {
        
            Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
            return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容  "+e.getMessage(),payment);
        }
    
        //本例是blockHandler
        public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable  Long id, BlockException blockException) {
        
            Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
            return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException  "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
        }
    
    }

Sentinel 配置

![在这里插入图片描述][dbc51f6e9cf442919f4991f5c7fc3a9a.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][058e90d1696f4a1ab5903f4e4ca3d8c3.png]

**测试**

*  http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1

一秒钟内多次点击返回结果 （blockHandler 异常 ---------> 违背 Sentinel 平台配置）

![在这里插入图片描述][267594decb924bac996f6cc4c729af47.png]

*  http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

一秒钟点击一次返回结果 （fallback 异常 --------> java 代码异常）

![在这里插入图片描述][4a888ff5284e4cc785066ee99dfff603.png]

*  http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

一秒钟内多次点击返回结果 （blockHandler 异常 和 fallback 异常同时存在）

![在这里插入图片描述][ec567f42eec3403fa526b655af0c254a.png]

**结论**

![在这里插入图片描述][d7cb882f56c64042985793407a1a0427.png]

## Sentinel服务熔断exceptionsToIgnore ##

![在这里插入图片描述][db2c6f9b302647ccb174e9d2e2e572bf.png]

修改业务类 controller.CircleBreakerController

@RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class CircleBreakerController    
    
        ...
        
        @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
        @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler",
                exceptionsToIgnore = {
        IllegalArgumentException.class})     //<-------------
        public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
        {
        
            CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
    
            if (id == 4) {
        
                //exceptionsToIgnore属性有IllegalArgumentException.class，
                //所以IllegalArgumentException不会跳入指定的兜底程序。
                throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
            }else if (result.getData() == null) {
        
                throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
            }
    
            return result;
        }
    
    	// 本例是 fallback
        public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id, Throwable e) {
        
            Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
            return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容  "+e.getMessage(),payment);
        }
    
        //本例是blockHandler
        public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable  Long id, BlockException blockException) {
        
            Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
            return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException  "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
        }
    }

**测试**

访问： http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

返回结果页面

![在这里插入图片描述][eaf581cf67414b2e9bc8162ec9f491c5.png]

## Sentinel服务熔断OpenFeign ##

**修改84模块**

![在这里插入图片描述][e5e2d48318914c0782702cea7e7166cf.png]

pom.xml 添加以下内容

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            </dependency>

application.yml 添加以下内容

# 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
    feign:
      sentinel:
        enabled: true

主启动类添加以下注解

package com.atguigu.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    @EnableFeignClients     // <-----------------
    public class OrderNacosMain84 {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
        }
    }

业务类接口 service.PaymentService

package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;
    
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
    import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    
    @FeignClient(value = "nacos-payment-provider", fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)
    public interface PaymentService {
        
        @GetMapping("/paymentSQL/{id}")
        public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
    }

业务类 service.PaymentFallbackService

package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;
    
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
    import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Component
    public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentService{
        
        @Override
        public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(Long id) {
        
            return new CommonResult<>(44444, "服务降级返回，PaymentFallbackService", new Payment(id, "errorSerial"));
        }
    }

业务类 controller.CircleBreakerController

@RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class CircleBreakerController {
        
    
        ...
        
    	//==================OpenFeign
        @Resource
        private PaymentService paymentService;
    
        @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/paymentSQL/{id}")
        public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
        {
        
            return paymentService.paymentSQL(id);
        }
    }

**测试**

*  正确访问： http://localhost:84/consumer/paymentSQL/1

![在这里插入图片描述][eddd17944fb64c9c9c0db735db5cf30f.png]

*  测试84调用9003，此时故意关闭9003微服务提供者，84消费侧自动降级，不会被耗死。

![在这里插入图片描述][58334784d97b4401ae174abc9ac6ac60.png]

**熔断框架比较**

![在这里插入图片描述][c04373c250624578bec5577e7feba018.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][2f70b449d02842e897d6bb642f0833f0.png]

## Sentinel持久化规则 ##

**是什么**

![在这里插入图片描述][75402ba4c87740178985994b9fdbd570.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][31db0a3bdbba49509fb229cefd80a344.png]

**步骤**

**修改cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401**

pom.xml 添加以下内容

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
        <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
    </dependency>

application.yml

server:
      port: 8401
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848 #Nacos服务注册中心地址
        sentinel:
          transport:
            dashboard: localhost:8080 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
            port: 8719
          datasource: # <---------------------------关注点，添加Nacos数据源配置
            ds1:
              nacos:
                server-addr: localhost:8848
                dataId: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
                groupId: DEFAULT_GROUP
                data-type: json
                rule-type: flow
    
    management:
      endpoints:
        web:
          exposure:
            include: '*'
    
    feign:
      sentinel:
        enabled: true # 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持

**添加Nacos业务规则配置**

![在这里插入图片描述][da08a4b4c9c64658bce6c2e6d42724b6.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][6a89d28e15e34f0fa5944636f4c7e1c1.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][e71f1c99d4cc484ea4b57e49cc889adc.png]

[{
        
        "resource": "/rateLimit/byUrl",
        "limitApp": "default",
        "grade": 1,
        "count": 1, 
        "strategy": 0,
        "controlBehavior": 0,
        "clusterMode": false
    }]

![在这里插入图片描述][d6e1486e09204a46b8d37296ac754a5b.png]

**测试**

启动8401后刷新sentinel发现业务规则有了

![在这里插入图片描述][87ae6c49b9a74fb49446f7f216ed80a8.png]

快速访问测试接口： http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl

页面返回默认的 Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)

停止8401再看sentinel - 停机后发现流控规则没有了

![在这里插入图片描述][44b9dcafb1eb4eb1aa17efe920534c86.png]

重新启动8401再看sentinel

![在这里插入图片描述][6a17533f56754e14a85c4f53889eae05.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][63560d62897745afabbd4483414e32cd.png]

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