GuLi商城-SpringCloud-Gateway网关核心概念、测试API网关

╰半夏微凉° 2024-03-25 23:30 98阅读 0赞

网关作为流量的入口，功能包括路由转发、权限校验、限流控制等

*  Route(路由)：包含独一无二的路由id、目的地的URL、断言集合、过滤器集合，断言用来判断
 *  路由是否能到达目的地URL
 *  Predicats(断言)：用来判断路由是否能到达目的地URL
 *  Filter(过滤器)：在请求访问成功之前、响应成功之后，都能进行修改

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1、注册“gulimall-gateway”到Nacos

1）创建gulimall-gateway微服务

![4c42513d591b4397b484cec3afcd0eed.png][]

![b8eac76527cc4cb898d5f6a0e72f8fc8.png][]

![387171212f6a4ff0b602abfc754304b8.png][]

引入common依赖，common里面有

![b6528d56c7834b559d7ad715a8ccf0fb.png][]

![b6743589aacf4d069cadfab2b261583c.png][]

2）添加“gulimall-common”依赖和“spring-cloud-starter-gateway”依赖，上图所示

<dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
    </dependency>

3）GulimallGatewayApplication类上加上@EnableDiscoveryClient注解

![38b27497725c48b1a96105d6da60844e.png][]

4）在Nacos中创建“gateway”命名空间，同时在该命名空间中创建gulimall-gateway.yml”

我这里没有这么做，我还是用dev作为命名空间，在dev下创建gulimall-gateway

![9a8780b38f4f4d9183973cdce750ecc3.png][]

![46a451a3a85b42bfaf85ad4da543847d.png][]

5）创建“bootstrap.properties”文件，添加如下配置，指明配置中心地址和所属命名空间

![5ae1a33bdde34041a8959bf98ba68dfa.png][]

6）创建“application.properties”文件，指定服务名和注册中心地址

spring.application.name=gulimall-gateway
    spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=192.168.137.14:8848
    server.port=88

![f35454f2ec664ed6a20fdf4e9e91e79b.png][]

7）启动“gulimall-gateway”

启动报错：

![94eccad2ea8e4158bbe1bd7e7ad4cdb2.png][]

Description:
    
    Failed to configure a DataSource: 'url' attribute is not specified and no embedded datasource could be configured.
    
    Reason: Failed to determine a suitable driver class

因为我们在common模块里配置了mybatis相关的依赖，所以默认spring会扫描我们的数据库配置，

为了防止找不到数据库配置报错，我们要排除掉数据库配置

解决方法：在GulimallGatewayApplication中排除和数据源相关的配置

@SpringBootApplication(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})

![cca04ddd0aaa4f509d346310908c07e1.png][]

重新启动网关微服务：

访问Nacos，查看到该服务已经注册到了Nacos中

![114ac4c14e334b7fa649bb12a98e8ca4.png][]

--------------------

过程中出现的问题记录：

![fdb3e7d8b68643fbb90c082860a0a0bd.png][]

解决办法：增加依赖

<dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
    </dependency>

![7ed8ee50b03f46dabccdc960cd3e6754.png][]

--------------------

发现网关服务注册到nacos，是在public的命名空间中，不是我们希望的dev中

![114ac4c14e334b7fa649bb12a98e8ca4.png][]

解决办法：

![b893db68e406410784bc8b4473eb7a50.png][]

![ed5681f90fa54f4ea216427d2f9abd3a.png][]

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2、案例，测试网关的路由功能：

配置路由规则

![6f93301d225b480e8c0b6f4c5d31b72a.png][]

修改层级：

![c9f58fc0813d4ef69a85073c01b9d1ce.png][]

测试：

[http://localhost:88/?uri=baidu][http_localhost_88_uri_baidu]

![9bdaf8ed0b554b078c265b132b047f85.png][]

[http://localhost:88/?uri=qq][http_localhost_88_uri_qq]

![9151daabcb264ce29f5627d3743c78b5.png][]

参考：

[gulimall-learning/谷粒商城—分布式基础.md at master · OYCodeSite/gulimall-learning · GitHub][gulimall-learning_.md at master _ OYCodeSite_gulimall-learning _ GitHub]

spring-cloud-gateway官网：https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud-gateway

spring-cloud-gateway文档：https://docs.spring.io/spring-cloud-

gateway/docs/current/reference/html/

spring-cloud 中文网：https://www.springcloud.cc/  
  
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_51998352/article/details/121916920

[https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_52476654/category\_11866407.html][https_blog.csdn.net_qq_52476654_category_11866407.html]

[4c42513d591b4397b484cec3afcd0eed.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/0df69a7d14784b98a7bc730fb50bef14.png
[b8eac76527cc4cb898d5f6a0e72f8fc8.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/47444623641e46b3b801e124fefabd8d.png
[387171212f6a4ff0b602abfc754304b8.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/e9358e7d5e54490cb0005fe642b41658.png
[b6528d56c7834b559d7ad715a8ccf0fb.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/9b6321c57be640e3bdc6f9164122e2a3.png
[b6743589aacf4d069cadfab2b261583c.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/b6c6f04ab3d44f79ae85304c57194afb.png
[38b27497725c48b1a96105d6da60844e.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/82ad50f547854d568c8082e0867aefcb.png
[9a8780b38f4f4d9183973cdce750ecc3.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/0d88bc1aec654e2dad35e2e6a5de543c.png
[46a451a3a85b42bfaf85ad4da543847d.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/18f6915b423d4b5395e869f3edecb176.png
[5ae1a33bdde34041a8959bf98ba68dfa.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/32e88e4311a044baa467988c704c3273.png
[f35454f2ec664ed6a20fdf4e9e91e79b.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/f90026b8c47f493a9931540c7dea7946.png
[94eccad2ea8e4158bbe1bd7e7ad4cdb2.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/3455fa53c4184b7f8d724d232ad1fcea.png
[cca04ddd0aaa4f509d346310908c07e1.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/1dad0369df8a4f1bae37763a0a419aa6.png
[114ac4c14e334b7fa649bb12a98e8ca4.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/44329676c30648298224e572630eab13.png
[fdb3e7d8b68643fbb90c082860a0a0bd.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/e5d1448042e742c9964073813f88369a.png
[7ed8ee50b03f46dabccdc960cd3e6754.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/972ddbacd01342dda87f5352eb72d132.png
[b893db68e406410784bc8b4473eb7a50.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/d462fbe7340849938aa9798221255787.png
[ed5681f90fa54f4ea216427d2f9abd3a.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/0d5ab003568540329a5eb0978761d107.png
[6f93301d225b480e8c0b6f4c5d31b72a.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/a794812439b345418c1aa8da9f454239.png
[c9f58fc0813d4ef69a85073c01b9d1ce.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/f5075b2d9f3a4c688e81a8579f0bafc1.png
[http_localhost_88_uri_baidu]: http://localhost:88/?uri=baidu
[9bdaf8ed0b554b078c265b132b047f85.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/a2d36c2ad96d42a19ee166c0b8ed9947.png
[http_localhost_88_uri_qq]: http://localhost:88/?uri=qq
[9151daabcb264ce29f5627d3743c78b5.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/25/c6150b0929354f6f97744d31d196e34c.png
[gulimall-learning_.md at master _ OYCodeSite_gulimall-learning _ GitHub]: https://github.com/OYCodeSite/gulimall-learning/blob/master/docs/%E8%B0%B7%E7%B2%92%E5%95%86%E5%9F%8E%E2%80%94%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80.md
[https_blog.csdn.net_qq_52476654_category_11866407.html]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_52476654/category_11866407.html