【SpringCloud】整合Consul+OpenFeign实现微服务+负载均衡（上）

心已赠人 2024-03-26 16:09 44阅读 0赞

## 一、服务架构 ##

![afe201fddbf2623b526774063ea45e7e.png][]

service-common 核心公共功能服务

service-provider 服务提供者微服务

service-consumer 服务消费者微服务

主要特性：

1.  springcloud+consul+openfeign+ribbion

1.  基于feign\_client + rest\_template 两种微服务调用方式

## 二、父pom.xml文件 ##

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud-consul</artifactId>
        <packaging>pom</packaging>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <modules>
            <module>service-common</module>
            <module>service-provider</module>
            <module>service-consumer</module>
        </modules>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> 
        </parent>
    
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>Greenwich.RELEASE</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    
        <properties>
            <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
            <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-config</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>1.18.0</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
    
        </dependencies>
    
    </project>

## 三、公共服务service-common代码 ##

![7aa2ac3043256731e16655f40cf29919.png][]

pom.xml文件

springcloud-consul/service-common/pom.xml

springcloud-consul/service-common/src/main/java/com/example/common/model/UserModel.java

package com.example.common.model;
    
    import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
    import lombok.Data;
    import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    
    @Data
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @AllArgsConstructor
    public class UserModel implements Serializable {
        private String username;
        private int age;
        private String address;
        private String job;
    }

springcloud-consul/service-common/src/main/java/com/example/common/service/UserService.java

package com.example.common.service;
    
    import com.example.common.model.UserModel;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    public interface UserService {
        List<UserModel> findAll();
    
        UserModel findById(int id);
    
        String port();
    }

## 四、服务提供者service-provider代码 ##

pom.xml文件

springcloud-consul/service-provider/src/main/resources/application.yml

spring:
      application:
        name: service-provider
      profiles:
        active: dev
      cloud:
        consul:
          # 服务发现配置
          discovery:
            # 启用服务发现
            enabled: true
            # 启用服务注册
            register: true
            # 服务停止时取消注册
            deregister: true
            # 表示注册时使用IP而不是hostname
            prefer-ip-address: true
            # 执行监控检查的频率
            health-check-interval: 30s
            # 设置健康检查失败多长时间后，取消注册
            health-check-critical-timeout: 30s
            # 健康检查的路径
            health-check-path: /actuator/info
            # 服务注册标识，格式为：应用名称+服务器IP+端口
            instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port}
    
    server:
      port: 8011

springcloud-consul/service-provider/src/main/resources/bootstrap.yml

# bootstrap.yml
    # consul 使用动态配置，必须在bootstrap.yml中配置好动态配置项目的配置
    
    spring:
      cloud:
        consul:
          host: localhost
          port: 8500
          #enabled将此值设置为“false”禁用Consul配置
          config:
            enabled: true   #默认是true --
            format: YAML    # 表示consul上面文件的格式 有四种 YAML PROPERTIES KEY-VALUE FILES
            data-key: data  #表示consul上面的KEY值(或者说文件的名字) 默认是data
            # watch选项为配置监视功能，主要监视配置的改变
            watch:
              enabled: true
              delay: 10000
              wait-time: 30

springcloud-consul/service-provider/src/main/java/com/example/provider/service/impl/UserServiceImpl.java

package com.example.provider.service.impl;
    
    import com.example.common.model.UserModel;
    import com.example.common.service.UserService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import java.util.List;
    
    @Service
    public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
        @Value("${server.port}")
        int port;
    
        @Override
        public List<UserModel> findAll() {
            return Arrays.asList(
                    new UserModel("张三", 22, "西安", "Java开发"),
                    new UserModel("李四", 24, "深圳", "总经理助理"),
                    new UserModel("王五", 56, "上海", "HR"),
                    new UserModel("赵六", 12, "广州", "PHP开发"),
                    new UserModel("宋七", 42, "重庆", "运营")
            );
        }
    
        @Override
        public UserModel findById(int id) {
            return new UserModel("lucy", 44, "西雅图", "董事长");
        }
    
        @Override
        public String port() {
            return "Port: " + port;
        }
    }

springcloud-consul/service-provider/src/main/java/com/example/provider/web/HiController.java

package com.example.provider.web;
    
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    public class HiController {
    
        @Value("${server.port}")
        String port;
    
        @GetMapping("/hi")
        public String home(@RequestParam String name) {
            return "hi "+name+",i am from port:" +port;
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/port")
        public String port() {
            return port;
        }
    }

springcloud-consul/service-provider/src/main/java/com/example/provider/web/UserController.java

package com.example.provider.web;
    
    import com.example.common.model.UserModel;
    import com.example.common.service.UserService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("api/user")
    public class UserController {
        @Autowired
        UserService userService;
    
        @GetMapping("list")
        public List<UserModel> findAll() {
            return userService.findAll();
        }
    
        @GetMapping("get")
        public UserModel findById(int id) {
            return userService.findById(id);
        }
    
        @GetMapping("port")
        public String port() {
            return userService.port();
        }
    }

springcloud-consul/service-provider/src/main/java/com/example/provider/ConsulProviderApplication.java

package com.example.provider;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.example"})
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class ConsulProviderApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ConsulProviderApplication.class, args);
            System.out.println(".....................................");
            System.out.println("....Provider Application started.....");
            System.out.println(".....................................");
        }
    
    }

## 五、服务消费者service-consumer代码 ##

![7ed3f879d6f796621631f418acfce4a5.png][]

pom.xml文件

springcloud-consul/service-consumer/src/main/java/com/example/consumer/feign/HiFeign.java

package com.example.consumer.feign;
    
    import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    
    @FeignClient(value = "service-provider", contextId = "hi")
    public interface HiFeign {
    
        @GetMapping(value = "/hi")
        String sayHiFromFeign(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
    }

springcloud-consul/service-consumer/src/main/java/com/example/consumer/feign/UserFeign.java

package com.example.consumer.feign;
    
    import com.example.common.model.UserModel;
    import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    @FeignClient(value = "service-provider", contextId = "user")
    @RequestMapping("api/user")
    public interface UserFeign {
        @GetMapping(value = "list")
        List<UserModel> findAll();
    
        @GetMapping(value = "get")
        UserModel findById(@RequestParam(value = "id") int id);
    
        @GetMapping(value = "port")
        String getPort();
    }

springcloud-consul/service-consumer/src/main/java/com/example/consumer/service/HiService.java

package com.example.consumer.service;
    
    import com.example.consumer.feign.HiFeign;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    @Service
    public class HiService {
    
        @Autowired
        HiFeign hiFeign;
    
        public String sayHi(String name) {
            return hiFeign.sayHiFromFeign(name);
        }
    }

springcloud-consul/service-consumer/src/main/java/com/example/consumer/service/impl/UserFeignServiceImpl.java

package com.example.consumer.service.impl;
    
    import com.example.common.model.UserModel;
    import com.example.common.service.UserService;
    import com.example.consumer.feign.UserFeign;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    @Service
    public class UserFeignServiceImpl implements UserService {
        @Autowired
        UserFeign userFeign;
    
        @Override
        public List<UserModel> findAll() {
            return userFeign.findAll();
        }
    
        @Override
        public UserModel findById(int id) {
            return userFeign.findById(id);
        }
    
        @Override
        public String port() {
            return userFeign.getPort();
        }
    }

springcloud-consul/service-consumer/src/main/java/com/example/consumer/service/impl/UserRestServiceImpl.java

package com.example.consumer.service.impl;
    
    import com.example.common.model.UserModel;
    import com.example.common.service.UserService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.core.ParameterizedTypeReference;
    import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
    import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    @Service
    public class UserRestServiceImpl implements UserService {
        @Autowired
        RestTemplate restTemplate;
    
        @Override
        public List<UserModel> findAll() {
            ResponseEntity<List<UserModel>> responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange(
                    "http://service-provider/api/user/list",
                    HttpMethod.GET,
                    null,
                    new ParameterizedTypeReference<List<UserModel>>() {
                    });
            return responseEntity.getBody();
        }
    
        @Override
        public UserModel findById(int id) {
            ResponseEntity<UserModel> responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange(
                    "http://service-provider/api/user/get?id=" + id,
                    HttpMethod.GET,
                    null,
                    new ParameterizedTypeReference<UserModel>() {
                    });
            return responseEntity.getBody();
        }
    
        @Override
        public String port() {
            ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange(
                    "http://service-provider/api/user/port",
                    HttpMethod.GET,
                    null,
                    new ParameterizedTypeReference<String>() {
                    });
            return responseEntity.getBody();
        }
    }

springcloud-consul/service-consumer/src/main/java/com/example/consumer/web/HiController.java

package com.example.consumer.web;
    
    import com.example.consumer.service.HiService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    public class HiController {
        @Autowired
        HiService hiService;
    
        @Value("${server.port}")
        String port;
    
        @GetMapping("/hi")
        public String home(@RequestParam String name) {
            return hiService.sayHi(name);
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/port")
        public String port() {
            return port;
        }
    }

springcloud-consul/service-consumer/src/main/java/com/example/consumer/web/UserFeignController.java

package com.example.consumer.web;
    
    import com.example.common.model.UserModel;
    import com.example.common.service.UserService;
    import com.example.consumer.service.impl.UserFeignServiceImpl;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("feign-api/user")
    public class UserFeignController implements UserService {
        @Autowired
        UserFeignServiceImpl userService;
    
        @Override
        @GetMapping("/list")
        public List<UserModel> findAll() {
            return userService.findAll();
        }
    
        @Override
        @GetMapping("/get")
        public UserModel findById(int id) {
            return userService.findById(id);
        }
    
        @Override
        @GetMapping("port")
        public String port() {
            return userService.port();
        }
    }

springcloud-consul/service-consumer/src/main/java/com/example/consumer/web/UserRestController.java

package com.example.consumer.web;
    
    import com.example.common.model.UserModel;
    import com.example.common.service.UserService;
    import com.example.consumer.service.impl.UserRestServiceImpl;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("rest-api/user")
    public class UserRestController implements UserService {
        @Autowired
        UserRestServiceImpl userRestService;
    
        @GetMapping("list")
        public List<UserModel> findAll() {
            return userRestService.findAll();
        }
    
        @GetMapping("get")
        public UserModel findById(int id) {
            return userRestService.findById(id);
        }
    
        @GetMapping("port")
        public String port() {
            return userRestService.port();
        }
    }

springcloud-consul/service-consumer/src/main/java/com/example/consumer/ConsulConsumerApplication.java

package com.example.consumer;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
    import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.example"})
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    @EnableFeignClients
    public class ConsulConsumerApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ConsulConsumerApplication.class, args);
            System.out.println(".....................................");
            System.out.println("....Consumer Application started.....");
            System.out.println(".....................................");
        }
    
        @Bean
        @LoadBalanced
        public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
    
    }

springcloud-consul/service-consumer/src/main/resources/application.yml

spring:
      application:
        name: service-consumer
      profiles:
        active: dev
      cloud:
        consul:
          # 服务发现配置
          discovery:
            # 启用服务发现
            enabled: true
            # 启用服务注册
            register: true
            # 服务停止时取消注册
            deregister: true
            # 表示注册时使用IP而不是hostname
            prefer-ip-address: true
            # 执行监控检查的频率
            health-check-interval: 30s
            # 设置健康检查失败多长时间后，取消注册
            health-check-critical-timeout: 30s
            # 健康检查的路径
            health-check-path: /actuator/info
            # 服务注册标识，格式为：应用名称+服务器IP+端口
            instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port}
    
    server:
      port: 8001

springcloud-consul/service-consumer/src/main/resources/bootstrap.yml

# bootstrap.yml
    # consul 使用动态配置，必须在bootstrap.yml中配置好动态配置项目的配置
    
    spring:
      cloud:
        consul:
          host: localhost
          port: 8500
          #enabled将此值设置为“false”禁用Consul配置
          config:
            enabled: true   #默认是true --
            format: YAML    # 表示consul上面文件的格式 有四种 YAML PROPERTIES KEY-VALUE FILES
            data-key: data   #表示consul上面的KEY值(或者说文件的名字) 默认是data
            # watch选项为配置监视功能，主要监视配置的改变
            watch:
              enabled: true
              delay: 10000
              wait-time: 30

## 六、测试 ##

由于篇幅有限，测试效果见下一篇文章。

[https://blog.csdn.net/forest\_long/article/details/129288367][https_blog.csdn.net_forest_long_article_details_129288367]

[afe201fddbf2623b526774063ea45e7e.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/1c5754b5d4044eecaef6e86046fb0a44.png
[7aa2ac3043256731e16655f40cf29919.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/5a9fb458222b4b1ba9e82b9acd6a1dbe.png
[7ed3f879d6f796621631f418acfce4a5.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/8ebf7c74f45a4f3c980ab01fd3eaa2f0.png
[https_blog.csdn.net_forest_long_article_details_129288367]: https://blog.csdn.net/forest_long/article/details/129288367