.NET Core 使用MailKit发送电子邮件

﹏ヽ暗。殇╰゛Y 2024-03-26 18:24 27阅读 0赞

这是一个基于MimeKit的跨平台.NET邮件库，支持**IMAP、POP3、SMTP协议**。它相比.NET自带的SmtpClient，支持更广泛的协议和更现代的电子邮件标准。因此微软官方建议，SmtpClient只用来兼容老应用，如果开发新应用的话，直接使用MailKit。

### **一、首先要拿到我们的客户端授权码** ###

--------------------

QQ：先进入QQ邮箱,点击设置

![c7031ed8ce31b656a15448fc6791464d.png][]

### **二、开启SMTP服务** ###

--------------------

![cc2907d4bc62c9378904b61a06693371.png][]

然后发送短信到指定号码，就能得到**授权码**

先建一个邮件类

/// <summary>
        /// 邮件类 
        /// </summary>
        public class Mail
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// 发送人
            /// </summary>
            public string fromPerson { get; set; }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 收件人地址(多人)
            /// </summary>
            public string[] recipientArry { get; set; }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 抄送地址(多人)
            /// </summary>
            public string[] mailCcArray { get; set; }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 标题
            /// </summary>
            public string mailTitle { get; set; }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 正文
            /// </summary>
            public string mailBody { get; set; }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 客户端授权码(可存在配置文件中)
            /// </summary>
            public string code { get; set; }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// SMTP邮件服务器
            /// </summary>
            public string host { get; set; }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 正文是否是html格式
            /// </summary>
            public bool isbodyHtml { get; set; }
            /// <summary>
            /// 接收文件
            /// </summary>
            public List<IFormFile> files { get; set; }
        }

控制器代码：

[Route("api/[controller]/[action]")]
        [ApiController]
        public class SendMailController
        {
            private readonly Mail _mail;
            private readonly IHostingEnvironment _hostingEnvironment;
            public SendMailController(Mail mail,
                IHostingEnvironment hostingEnvironment)
            {
                _mail = mail;
                _hostingEnvironment = hostingEnvironment;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 发送邮件
            /// </summary>
            [HttpPost]
            public async Task<IActionResult> PostEmails([FromForm]Mail mails)
            {
                //截取发件人邮箱地址从而判断Smtp的值
                string[] sArray = mails.fromPerson.Split(new char[2] { '@', '.' });
                if (sArray[1] == "qq")
                {
                    mails.host = "smtp.qq.com";//如果是QQ邮箱则：smtp.qq.com,依次类推  163:smtp.163.com
                }
                else if (sArray[1] == "163")
                {
                    mails.host = "smtp.163.com";//如果是QQ邮箱则：smtp.qq.com,依次类推  163:smtp.163.com
                }
    
                //将发件人邮箱带入MailAddress中初始化
                MailAddress mailAddress = new MailAddress(mails.fromPerson);
                //创建Email的Message对象
                MailMessage mailMessage = new MailMessage();
    
                //判断收件人数组中是否有数据
                if (mails.recipientArry.Any())
                {
                    //循环添加收件人地址
                    foreach (var item in mails.recipientArry)
                    {
                        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(item))
                            mailMessage.To.Add(item.ToString());
                    }
                }
    
                //判断抄送地址数组是否有数据
                if (mails.mailCcArray.Any())
                {
                    //循环添加抄送地址
                    foreach (var item in mails.mailCcArray)
                    {
                        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(item))
                            mailMessage.To.Add(item.ToString());
                    }
                }
                //发件人邮箱
                mailMessage.From = mailAddress;
                //标题
                mailMessage.Subject = mails.mailTitle;
                //编码
                mailMessage.SubjectEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
                //正文
                mailMessage.Body = mails.mailBody;
                //正文编码
                mailMessage.BodyEncoding = Encoding.Default;
                //邮件优先级
                mailMessage.Priority = MailPriority.High;
                //正文是否是html格式
                mailMessage.IsBodyHtml = mails.isbodyHtml;
                //取得Web根目录和内容根目录的物理路径
                string webRootPath = string.Empty;
                //添加附件
                foreach (IFormFile item in mails.files)
                {
                    //路径拼接
                    //webRootPath = _hostingEnvironment.WebRootPath + "\\" + "upload-file" + "\\" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmssfff") + Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(item.FileName) + Path.GetExtension(item.FileName).ToLower();
                    //创建文件流
                    //using (var FileStream = new FileStream(webRootPath, FileMode.Create))
                    //{
                        //拷贝文件流
                        //await item.CopyToAsync(FileStream);
                        //释放缓存
                        //FileStream.Flush();
                    //}
                    //再根据路径打开文件，得到文件流
                    //FileStream stream = new FileStream(webRootPath, FileMode.Open);                  
                    //添加至附件中
                    //mailMessage.Attachments.Add(new Attachment(stream, item.FileName));                  mailMessage.Attachments.Add(new Attachment(item.OpenReadStream(),item.FileName));
                };
    
                //实例化一个Smtp客户端
                SmtpClient smtp = new SmtpClient();
                //将发件人的邮件地址和客户端授权码带入以验证发件人身份
                smtp.Credentials = new System.Net.NetworkCredential(mails.fromPerson, mails.code);
                //指定SMTP邮件服务器
                smtp.Host = mails.host;
    
                //邮件发送到SMTP服务器
                smtp.Send(mailMessage);
                return new JsonResult(new
                {
                    message = "发送成功",
                    code = 200,
                    success = true
                });
            }
        }

### **安装包** ###

--------------------

首先，使用NuGet安装MailKit：

**Visual Studio**

Install-Package MailKit

发现支持各种框架

![fd184a484f449467b7d5d1007d706334.png][]

参考

[https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2187880?from=article.detail.1459564&areaSource=106000.3&traceId=HS4fvRdZ9mJCSwkyXpsi-][https_cloud.tencent.com_developer_article_2187880_from_article.detail.1459564_areaSource_106000.3_traceId_HS4fvRdZ9mJCSwkyXpsi-]

[https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangnever/p/11926020.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_zhangnever_p_11926020.html]

[https://docs.meowv.com/stack/dotnetcore/mailkit.html][https_docs.meowv.com_stack_dotnetcore_mailkit.html]

[c7031ed8ce31b656a15448fc6791464d.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/9cdd1efc1eb44d69830f8edb0d3abc18.png
[cc2907d4bc62c9378904b61a06693371.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/5f7fcc40c6e5407f846478804e54e2af.png
[fd184a484f449467b7d5d1007d706334.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/9357d6e4d24a4d27b5e7b1bc9a434e71.png
[https_cloud.tencent.com_developer_article_2187880_from_article.detail.1459564_areaSource_106000.3_traceId_HS4fvRdZ9mJCSwkyXpsi-]: https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2187880?from=article.detail.1459564&areaSource=106000.3&traceId=HS4fvRdZ9mJCSwkyXpsi-
[https_www.cnblogs.com_zhangnever_p_11926020.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangnever/p/11926020.html
[https_docs.meowv.com_stack_dotnetcore_mailkit.html]: https://docs.meowv.com/stack/dotnetcore/mailkit.html