主流的“对象转换工具”使用示例大全以及性能的对比

水深无声 2024-03-26 19:10 62阅读 0赞

**目录**

前言

源码地址

代码示例

引入依赖

先定两个实体用于转换

定义一个接口让所有转换器都集成

Apache BeanUtils

BeanCopier

bean-mapping

bean-mapping-asm

Dozer

自己写get/set

JMapper

json2json

MapStruct（推荐）

ModelMapper

OriKa

Spring BeanUtils

测试代码

测试结果绘制成图

总结

--------------------

## 前言 ##

本文章分别测试的对象转换工具为：

**MapStruct**、**JMapper**、**ModelMapper**、**Dozer**、**OriKa**、**BeanCopier**、**自己写get/set**、

**json2json**、**Apache BeanUtils**、**Spring BeanUtils**、**bean-mapping**、**bean-mapping-asm**

![4dee1752502c4813afd7796b3eb38c97.png][]

### **源码地址** ###

[lasse-vo2dto: 测试市面上常用的实体转换工具的性能][lasse-vo2dto_]

## 代码示例 ##

### 引入依赖 ###

<dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
                <version>1.9.4</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
                <version>1.2</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.2</version>
            </dependency>
            
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.houbb</groupId>
                <artifactId>bean-mapping-core</artifactId>
                <version>0.2.6</version>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.houbb</groupId>
                <artifactId>bean-mapping-asm</artifactId>
                <version>0.2.6</version>
            </dependency>
    
            
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
                <artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.2.Final</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
                <artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.2.Final</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.78</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ma.glasnost.orika</groupId>
                <artifactId>orika-core</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.6</version>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>net.sf.dozer</groupId>
                <artifactId>dozer-spring</artifactId>
                <version>5.5.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>net.sf.dozer</groupId>
                <artifactId>dozer</artifactId>
                <version>5.5.1</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.modelmapper</groupId>
                <artifactId>modelmapper</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.0</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.googlecode.jmapper-framework</groupId>
                <artifactId>jmapper-core</artifactId>
                <version>1.6.1.CR2</version>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.modelmapper</groupId>
                <artifactId>modelmapper</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.0</version>
            </dependency>
    
        </dependencies>

### 先定两个实体用于转换 ###

public class UserVO {
        /**
         * 自增ID
         */
        private Long id;
    
        /**
         * 用户ID
         */
        private String userId;
    
        /**
         * 用户昵称
         */
        private String userNickName;
    
        /**
         * 注册时间
         */
        private Date createTime;
        //get/set/toString等方法省略。。。
    }

/**
     * 用户DTO
     */
    public class UserDTO {
    
        /**
         * 用户ID
         */
        private String userId;
    
        /**
         * 用户昵称
         */
        private String userNickName;
    
        /**
         * 注册时间
         */
        private Date createTime;
    //get/set/toString等方法省略。。。
    }

### 定义一个接口让所有转换器都集成 ###

/**
     * 对象装配器接口
     */
    public interface IAssembler<SOURCE, TARGET> {
    
        TARGET sourceToTarget(SOURCE var);
    
    }

### **Apache BeanUtils** ###

@Component
    public class ApacheCopyPropertiesAssembler implements IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> {
        @Override
        public UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var) {
            UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO();
            try {
                BeanUtils.copyProperties(userDTO, var);
            } catch (IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return userDTO;
        }
    }

### **BeanCopier** ###

@Component
    public class BeanCopierAssembler implements IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> {
        @Override
        public UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var) {
            UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO();
            BeanCopier beanCopier = BeanCopier.create(var.getClass(), userDTO.getClass(), false);
            beanCopier.copy(var, userDTO, null);
            return userDTO;
        }
    }

### **bean-mapping** ###

@Component
    public class BeanMappingAssembler implements IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> {
        @Override
        public UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var) {
            UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO();
            BeanUtil.copyProperties(var, userDTO);
            return userDTO;
        }
    }

### **bean-mapping-asm** ###

@Component
    public class BeanMappingASMAssembler implements IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> {
        @Override
        public UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var) {
            UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO();
            AsmBeanUtil.copyProperties(var, userDTO);
            return userDTO;
        }
    }

### **Dozer** ###

@Component
    public class DozerAssembler implements IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> {
    
        private static DozerBeanMapper mapper = new DozerBeanMapper();
    
        @Override
        public UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var) {
            return mapper.map(var, UserDTO.class);
        }
    }

### 自己写get/set ###

@Component("getSetAssembler")
    public class GetSetAssembler implements IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> {
        @Override
        public UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var) {
            UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO();
            userDTO.setUserId(var.getUserId());
            userDTO.setUserNickName(var.getUserNickName());
            userDTO.setCreateTime(var.getCreateTime());
            return userDTO;
        }
    }

### **JMapper** ###

@Component("jMapperAssembler")
    public class JMapperAssembler implements IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> {
    
        @Override
        public UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var) {
            JMapper<UserDTO, UserVO> jMapper = new JMapper<>(UserDTO.class, UserVO.class, new JMapperAPI()
                    .add(JMapperAPI.mappedClass(UserDTO.class)
                            .add(JMapperAPI.attribute("userId")
                                    .value("userId"))
                            .add(JMapperAPI.attribute("userNickName")
                                    .value("userNickName"))
                            .add(JMapperAPI.attribute("createTime")
                                    .value("createTime"))
                    ));
    
            return jMapper.getDestination(var);
        }
    
    }

### **json2json** ###

@Component
    public class Json2JsonAssembler implements IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> {
        @Override
        public UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var) {
            String strJson = JSON.toJSONString(var);
            return JSON.parseObject(strJson, UserDTO.class);
        }
    }

### **MapStruct（推荐）** ###

@MapperConfig
    public interface IMapping<SOURCE, TARGET> {
    
        /**
         * 映射同名属性
         */
        @Mapping(target = "createTime", dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
        TARGET sourceToTarget(SOURCE var1);
    
        /**
         * 反向，映射同名属性
         */
        @InheritInverseConfiguration(name = "sourceToTarget")
        SOURCE targetToSource(TARGET var1);
    
        /**
         * 映射同名属性，集合形式
         */
        @InheritConfiguration(name = "sourceToTarget")
        List<TARGET> sourceToTarget(List<SOURCE> var1);
    
        /**
         * 反向，映射同名属性，集合形式
         */
        @InheritConfiguration(name = "targetToSource")
        List<SOURCE> targetToSource(List<TARGET> var1);
    
        /**
         * 映射同名属性，集合流形式
         */
        List<TARGET> sourceToTarget(Stream<SOURCE> stream);
    
        /**
         * 反向，映射同名属性，集合流形式
         */
        List<SOURCE> targetToSource(Stream<TARGET> stream);
    
    }

@Mapper(componentModel = "spring", unmappedTargetPolicy = ReportingPolicy.IGNORE, unmappedSourcePolicy = ReportingPolicy.IGNORE)
    public interface UserDTOMapping extends IMapping<UserVO, UserDTO> {
        /** 用于测试的单例 */
        IMapping<UserVO, UserDTO> INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper(UserDTOMapping.class);
    
        @Mapping(target = "userId", source = "userId")
        @Mapping(target = "createTime", dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
        @Override
        UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var1);
    
        @Mapping(target = "userId", source = "userId")
        @Mapping(target = "createTime", dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
        @Override
        UserVO targetToSource(UserDTO var1);
    }

@Component
    public class MapStructAssembler implements IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> {
    
        @Resource
        private IMapping<UserVO, UserDTO> userDTOMapping;
    
        @Override
        public UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var) {
            return userDTOMapping.sourceToTarget(var);
        }
    
    }

### **ModelMapper** ###

@Component
    public class ModelMapperAssembler implements IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> {
    
        private static ModelMapper modelMapper = new ModelMapper();
    
        static {
            modelMapper.addMappings(new PropertyMap<UserVO, UserDTO>() {
                @Override
                protected void configure() {
                    // 属性值不一样可以自己操作
                    map().setUserId(source.getUserId());
                }
            });
        }
    
        @Override
        public UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var) {
            return modelMapper.map(var, UserDTO.class);
        }
    
    }

### **OriKa** ###

@Component
    public class OrikaAssembler implements IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> {
    
        /**
         * 构造一个MapperFactory
         */
        private static MapperFactory mapperFactory = new DefaultMapperFactory.Builder().build();
    
        static {
            mapperFactory.classMap(UserDTO.class, UserVO.class)
                    .field("userId", "userId")  // 字段不一致时可以指定
                    .byDefault()
                    .register();
        }
    
        @Override
        public UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var) {
            return mapperFactory.getMapperFacade().map(var, UserDTO.class);
        }
    
    }

### **Spring BeanUtils** ###

@Component
    public class SpringCopyPropertiesAssembler implements IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> {
        @Override
        public UserDTO sourceToTarget(UserVO var) {
            UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO();
            BeanUtils.copyProperties(var, userDTO);
            return userDTO;
        }
    }

## 测试代码 ##

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest
    public class ApiTest {
    
        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ApiTest.class);
    
        @Resource(name = "apacheCopyPropertiesAssembler")
        private IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> apacheCopyPropertiesAssembler;
        @Resource(name = "beanCopierAssembler")
        private IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> beanCopierAssembler;
        @Resource(name = "beanMappingAssembler")
        private IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> beanMappingAssembler;
        @Resource(name = "beanMappingASMAssembler")
        private IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> beanMappingASMAssembler;
        @Resource(name = "getSetAssembler")
        private IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> getSetAssembler;
        @Resource(name = "mapStructAssembler")
        private IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> mapStructAssembler;
        @Resource(name = "springCopyPropertiesAssembler")
        private IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> springCopyPropertiesAssembler;
        @Resource(name = "orikaAssembler")
        private IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> orikaAssembler;
        @Resource(name = "dozerAssembler")
        private IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> dozerAssembler;
        @Resource(name = "modelMapperAssembler")
        private IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> modelMapperAssembler;
        @Resource(name = "jMapperAssembler")
        private IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> jMapperAssembler;
        @Resource(name = "json2JsonAssembler")
        private IAssembler<UserVO, UserDTO> json2JsonAssembler;
    
        private Long cycleIndex=100000L;
        private UserVO userVO = new UserVO();
    
        @Test
        public void all(){
            System.out.println("各跑"+cycleIndex+"次");
            test_apacheCopyPropertiesAssembler();
            test_beanCopierAssembler();
            test_beanMappingAssembler();
            test_beanMappingASMAssembler();
            test_getSetAssembler();
            test_mapStructAssembler();
            test_springCopyPropertiesAssembler();
            test_orikaAssembler();
            test_dozerAssembler();
            test_modelMapperAssembler();
            test_jMapperAssembler();
            test_json2JsonAssembler();
        }
    
        @Before
        public void initData() {
            userVO.setId(1001L);
            userVO.setUserId("007");
            userVO.setUserNickName("lasse");
            userVO.setCreateTime(new Date());
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_apacheCopyPropertiesAssembler() {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleIndex; i++) {
                UserDTO userDTO = apacheCopyPropertiesAssembler.sourceToTarget(userVO);
            }
            System.out.println("apacheCopyPropertiesAssembler方法耗时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
            // 方法耗时：2050ms
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_beanCopierAssembler() {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleIndex; i++) {
                UserDTO userDTO = beanCopierAssembler.sourceToTarget(userVO);
            }
            System.out.println("beanCopierAssembler方法耗时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
            // 方法耗时：53ms
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_beanMappingAssembler() {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleIndex; i++) {
                UserDTO userDTO = beanMappingAssembler.sourceToTarget(userVO);
            }
            System.out.println("beanMappingAssembler方法耗时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
            // 方法耗时：162ms
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_beanMappingASMAssembler() {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleIndex; i++) {
                UserDTO userDTO = beanMappingASMAssembler.sourceToTarget(userVO);
            }
            System.out.println("beanMappingASMAssembler方法耗时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
            // 方法耗时：90ms
        }
    
        // 方法耗时：3ms
        @Test
        public void test_getSetAssembler() {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleIndex; i++) {
                UserDTO userDTO = getSetAssembler.sourceToTarget(userVO);
            }
            System.out.println("getSetAssembler方法耗时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_mapStructAssembler() {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleIndex; i++) {
                UserDTO userDTO = mapStructAssembler.sourceToTarget(userVO);
            }
            System.out.println("mapStructAssembler方法耗时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
            // 方法耗时：4ms
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_springCopyPropertiesAssembler() {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleIndex; i++) {
                UserDTO userDTO = springCopyPropertiesAssembler.sourceToTarget(userVO);
            }
            System.out.println("springCopyPropertiesAssembler方法耗时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
            // 方法耗时：64ms
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_orikaAssembler() {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleIndex; i++) {
                UserDTO userDTO = orikaAssembler.sourceToTarget(userVO);
            }
            System.out.println("orikaAssembler方法耗时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_dozerAssembler() {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleIndex; i++) {
                UserDTO userDTO = dozerAssembler.sourceToTarget(userVO);
            }
            System.out.println("dozerAssembler方法耗时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_modelMapperAssembler() {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleIndex; i++) {
                UserDTO userDTO = modelMapperAssembler.sourceToTarget(userVO);
            }
            System.out.println("modelMapperAssembler方法耗时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_jMapperAssembler() {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i <cycleIndex; i++) {
                UserDTO userDTO = jMapperAssembler.sourceToTarget(userVO);
            }
            System.out.println("jMapperAssembler方法耗时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_json2JsonAssembler() {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleIndex; i++) {
                UserDTO userDTO = json2JsonAssembler.sourceToTarget(userVO);
            }
            System.out.println("json2JsonAssembler方法耗时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
        }
    
    }

## 测试结果绘制成图 ##

用于对象属性转换有12种，接下来我们分别测试这12种属性转换操作分别在一百次、一千次、一万次、十万次、一百万次时候的性能时间对比。

![26a63116e27547cd97b7511fcea8e7f1.png][]

## 总结 ##

*  `BeanUtils.copyProperties` 是大家代码里最常出现的工具类，但只要你不把它用错成 `Apache` 包下的，而是使用 Spring 提供的，就基本还不会对性能造成多大影响。
 *  但如果说性能更好，可替代手动`get、set`的，还是 `MapStruct` 更好用，因为它本身就是在编译期生成`get、set`代码，和我们写`get、set`一样。
 *  其他一些组件包主要基于 `AOP`、`ASM`、`CGlib`，的技术手段实现的，所以也会有相应的性能损耗

[4dee1752502c4813afd7796b3eb38c97.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/477db25672084f62a4403dfaea23a4cc.png
[lasse-vo2dto_]: https://gitee.com/luosuichuan/lasse-vo2dto.git
[26a63116e27547cd97b7511fcea8e7f1.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/26/0b237f27b7674601b6dfb0bd7dfc4c25.png