Spring Boot学习之Shiro

浅浅的花香味﹌ 2024-03-27 09:31 100阅读 0赞

#### 文章目录 ####

*  零 全部源码地址
 *  一 Shiro简介
 *   *  1.1 Shiro功能
     *  1.2 Shiro架构（外部视角）
     *  1.3 Shiro架构（内部视角）
 *  二 Shiro快速入门
 *   *  2.1 演示代码&部分源码解读
 *  三 Spring Boot集成Shio
 *   *  3.0 准备操作
     *  3.1 整合Shiro
     *  3.2 页面拦截实现
     *  3.3 登录认证
     *  3.4 整合数据库
     *  3.5 用户授权操作
     *  3.6 Shiro授权
     *  3.7 整合thymeleaf
     *  3.8 效果展示

--------------------

## 零 全部源码地址 ##

*  [全部源码][Link 1]

## 一 Shiro简介 ##

*  Apache Shiro 是一个Java 的安全（权限）框架。
 *  Shiro可以完成，认证，授权，加密，会话管理，Web集成，缓存等。
 *  [Shiro官网][Shiro]

### 1.1 Shiro功能 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][49a9502f04a94be28ef3fafd7aa7ecfd.png]

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>功能</th> 
   <th>说明</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Authentication</td> 
   <td><strong>身份认证、登录，验证用户</strong>是不是拥有相应的身份；</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Authorization</td> 
   <td><strong>授权</strong>，即权限验证，验证某个已认证的用户是否拥有某个权限，即判断用户能否进行某些操作，如：验证某个用户是否拥有某个角色，或者细粒度的验证某个用户对某个资源是否具有某个权限</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Session Manager</td> 
   <td><strong>会话管理</strong>，即用户登录后就是第一次会话，在没有退出之前，它的所有信息都在会话中；会话可以是普通的JavaSE环境，也可以是Web环境；</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Cryptography</td> 
   <td><strong>加密</strong>，保护数据的安全性，如密码加密存储到数据库中，而不是明文存储；</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Web Support</td> 
   <td><strong>Web支持</strong>，可以非常容易的集成到Web环境；</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Caching</td> 
   <td><strong>缓存</strong>，比如用户登录后，其用户信息，拥有的角色、权限不必每次去查，这样可以提高效率</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Concurrency</td> 
   <td>Shiro支持多线程应用的<strong>并发验证</strong>，即，如在一个线程中开启另一个线程，能把权限自动的传播过去</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Testing</td> 
   <td><strong>提供测试支持</strong>；</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Run As</td> 
   <td><strong>允许一个用户假装为另一个用户（如果他们允许）的身份进行访问</strong>；</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Remember Me</td> 
   <td><strong>记住登录功能</strong>，即一次登录后，下次再来的话不用登录</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### 1.2 Shiro架构（外部视角） ###

*  从应用程序角度来观察如何使用shiro完成工作  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][960cd248008b42c9af5a48f9a855c088.png]
 *  subject：
    
     *  应用代码直接交互的对象是Subject【Shiro的对外API核心就是Subject】
     *  **与当前应用交互的任何东西都是Subject，与Subject的所有交互都会委托给SecurityManager**
     *  **Subject其实是一个门面，SecurityManageer 才是实际的执行者**
 *  SecurityManager
    
     *  **安全管理器**，即所有与安全有关的操作都会与SercurityManager交互，并且它管理着所有的Subject。
     *  它是Shiro的核心，它负责与Shiro的其他组件进行交互，它相当于SpringMVC的DispatcherServlet的角色
 *  Realm
    
     *  Shiro从Realm获取安全数据（如用户，角色，权限）
     *  SecurityManager 要验证用户身份，需要从Realm 获取相应的用户进行比较，来确定用户的身份是否合法；也需要从Realm得到用户相应的角色、权限，进行验证用户的操作是否能够进行
     *  **可以把Realm看成DataSource**。

### 1.3 Shiro架构（内部视角） ###

![在这里插入图片描述][1730278c641e44c28f794c9bb3c8a238.png]

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>组件名称</th> 
   <th>说明</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Subject</td> 
   <td><strong>任何可以与应用交互的 ‘用户’</strong>；</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Security Manager</td> 
   <td><strong>Shiro的心脏</strong>，所有具体的交互都通过Security Manager进行控制，它管理者所有的Subject，且负责进行认证，授权，会话，及缓存的管理。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Authenticator</td> 
   <td><strong>负责Subject认证</strong>，是一个扩展点，<strong>可以自定义实现；可以使用认证策略（Authentication Strategy）</strong></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Authorizer</td> 
   <td><strong>授权器</strong>【<strong>访问控制器</strong>】用来决定主体是否有权限进行相应的操作【即控制着用户能访问应用中的那些功能】</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Realm</td> 
   <td>可以有一个或者多个的realm，可以认为是安全实体数据源【即用于获取安全实体的，可以用JDBC实现，也可以是内存实现等等，由用户提供；所以一般在应用中都需要实现自己的realm】</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>SessionManager</td> 
   <td><strong>管理Session生命周期的组件</strong>，而Shiro并不仅仅可以用在Web环境，也可以用在普通的JavaSE环境中</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>CacheManager</td> 
   <td><strong>缓存控制器</strong>，来管理如用户，角色，权限等缓存的；因为这些数据基本上很少改变，放到缓存中后可以提高访问的性能；</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Cryptography</td> 
   <td><strong>密码模块</strong>，Shiro 提供了一些常见的加密组件用于密码加密，解密</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## 二 Shiro快速入门 ##

### 2.1 演示代码&部分源码解读 ###

*  [官方10分钟快速入门][10]

1.  创建一个maven工程删掉不必要的东西  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][f5c11b1a58564a4697d6b174075650f7.png]
2.  根据官方文档，我们来导入Shiro的依赖
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
                <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.1</version>
            </dependency>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.21</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.21</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.17</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
3.  编写Shiro配置
    
     *  log4j.properties
    
        log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout
        
        log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
        log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
        log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n
        
        # General Apache libraries
        log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN
        
        # Spring
        log4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN
        
        # Default Shiro logging
        log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO
        
        # Disable verbose logging
        log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARN
        log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN
    
     *  shiro.ini
    
        [users]
        # user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
        root = secret, admin
        # user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
        guest = guest, guest
        # user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
        # my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
        presidentskroob = 12345, president
        # user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
        darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
        # user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
        lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz
        
        # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
        # Roles with assigned permissions
        #
        # Each line conforms to the format defined in the
        # org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
        # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
        [roles]
        # 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
        admin = *
        # The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
        schwartz = lightsaber:*
        # The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
        # license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
        goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5
4.  编写QuickStrat
    
        import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
        import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
        import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
        import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
        import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
        import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
        import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
        import org.slf4j.Logger;
        import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
        
        
        /**
         * Simple Quickstart application showing how to use Shiro's API.
         * @since 0.9 RC2
         */
        public class Quickstart {
              
        
            private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);	
            public static void main(String[] args) {
              
                Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
                SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
                //设置单例模式
                SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        
                /*
                    以下是核心代码
                 */
                // 获取当前的对象 subject
                Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        
                // 通过当前对象拿到 session
                Session session = currentUser.getSession();
                session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
                String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
                if (value.equals("aValue")) {
              
                    log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
                }
        
                // 判断当前的用户是否被认证
                if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
              
                    //token令牌 没有获取，随机
                    UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
                    token.setRememberMe(true);//设置记住功能
                    try {
              
                        currentUser.login(token);//执行登录操作~
                    } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
              //用户名不存在
                        log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
                    } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
              //密码错误
                        log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
                    } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
              //
                        log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                                "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
                    }
                    // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
                    catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
              
                        //unexpected condition?  error?
                    }
                }
        
                //say who they are:
                //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
                //获取当前用户的认证码——存取信息
                log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");
        
                //test a role:检测角色
                if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
              
                    log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
                } else {
              
                    log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
                }
                //粗粒度
                //test a typed permission (not instance-level):检测权限
                if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
              
                    log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
                } else {
              
                    log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
                }
                //细粒度
                //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:是否拥有更高级的权限
                if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
              
                    log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                            "Here are the keys - have fun!");
                } else {
              
                    log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
                }
        
                //all done - log out!退出
                currentUser.logout();
                // 结束
                System.exit(0);
            }
        }
5.  测试结果
    
        2023-01-27 17:35:00,334 INFO [org.apache.shiro.session.mgt.AbstractValidatingSessionManager] - Enabling session 				validation scheduler... 
        2023-01-27 17:35:00,712 INFO [Quickstart] - Retrieved the correct value! [aValue] 
        2023-01-27 17:35:00,713 INFO [Quickstart] - User [lonestarr] logged in successfully. 
        2023-01-27 17:35:00,713 INFO [Quickstart] - May the Schwartz be with you! 
        2023-01-27 17:35:00,713 INFO [Quickstart] - You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely. 
        2023-01-27 17:35:00,714 INFO [Quickstart] - You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 	'eagle5'.  Here are the keys - have fun! 
        进程已结束,退出代码0

## 三 Spring Boot集成Shio ##

### 3.0 准备操作 ###

1.  搭建一个SpringBoot项目、选中web模块 ![在这里插入图片描述][fb19f877c3c74ad28999ba13a1bb4e43.png]
2.  导入Maven依赖 thymeleaf
    
        
        <dependency>
             <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
             <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
             <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
         </dependency>
3.  编写一个页面 index.html  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][353d7670903042e29e0c0e01e1220dba.png]
    
        <!DOCTYPE html>
        <html lang="en"xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
        <head>
        	<meta charset="UTF-8">
        	<title>Title</title>
        </head>
        <body>
        	<h1>首页</h1>
        	<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
        </body>
        </html>
4.  编写controller进行访问测试
    
        import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
        import org.springframework.ui.Model;
        import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
        @Controller
        public class MyController {
              
        	@RequestMapping({
              "/","/index"})
        	public String toIndex(Model model){
              
        	model.addAttribute("msg","hello,Shiro");
        		return "index";
        	}
        }

### 3.1 整合Shiro ###

1.  导入Shiro 和 spring整合的依赖
    
        
         
         
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
             <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
             <version>1.9.1</version>
         </dependency>
2.  编写Shiro 配置类 【config包下】
    
        import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
        //声明为配置类
        @Configuration
        public class ShiroConfig {
              
        	//创建 ShiroFilterFactoryBean
        	
        	//创建 DefaultWebSecurityManager
        	
        	//创建 realm 对象
        }
3.  先创建一个 realm 对象
    
     *  需要自定义一个 realm 的类，用来编写一些查询的方法，或者认证与授权的逻辑
    
        import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
        import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
        import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
        import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
        import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
        import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
        //自定义Realm
        public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
              
        	//执行授权逻辑
        	@Override
        	protected AuthorizationInfo
        	doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
              
        		System.out.println("执行了=>授权逻辑PrincipalCollection");
        		return null;
        	}
        	//执行认证逻辑
        	@Override
        	protected AuthenticationInfo
        	doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws
        	AuthenticationException {
              
        		System.out.println("执行了=>认证逻辑AuthenticationToken");
        		return null;
        	}
        }
4.  将这个类注册到Bean中【ShiroConfig中】
    
        @Configuration
        public class ShiroConfig {
              
        	//创建 ShiroFilterFactoryBean
        	//创建 DefaultWebSecurityManager
        	//创建 realm 对象
        	@Bean
        	public UserRealm userRealm(){
              
        		return new UserRealm();
        	}
        }
5.  创建 `DefaultWebSecurityManager`
    
        //创建 ShiroFilterFactoryBean
        @Bean
        public ShiroFilterFactoryBean
        getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager")DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager){
              
        	ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        	//设置安全管理器
        	shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        	return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
        }
6.  `ShiroConfig`全部代码
    
        //声明为配置类
        @Configuration
        public class ShiroConfig {
              
        	//创建 ShiroFilterFactoryBean
        	@Bean
        	public ShiroFilterFactoryBean
        	getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager")DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager){
              
        		ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        		//设置安全管理器
        		shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        		return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
        	}
        	//创建 DefaultWebSecurityManager
        	@Bean(name = "securityManager")
        	public DefaultWebSecurityManager
        	getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm")UserRealm userRealm){
              
        		DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        		//关联Realm
        		securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
        		return securityManager;
        	}
        	//创建 realm 对象
        	@Bean
        	public UserRealm userRealm(){
              
        		return new UserRealm();
        	}
        }

### 3.2 页面拦截实现 ###

1.  编写两个页面、在templates目录下新建一个 user 目录 `add.html update.html`
    
        <body>
        	<h1>add</h1>
        </body>
    
        <body>
        	<h1>update</h1>
        </body>
2.  编写跳转到页面的controller
    
        @RequestMapping("/user/add")
        public String toAdd(){
              
        	return "user/add";
        }
        @RequestMapping("/user/update")
        public String toUpdate(){
              
        	return "user/update";
        }
3.  在index页面上，增加跳转链接
    
        <a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a> 
        <hr/> 
        <a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
4.  添加Shiro的内置过滤器
    
        @Bean
        public ShiroFilterFactoryBean
        getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager")DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager){
              
        	ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        	//设置安全管理器
        	shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        	/*
        	添加Shiro内置过滤器，常用的有如下过滤器：
        	anon： 无需认证就可以访问
        	authc： 必须认证才可以访问
        	user： 如果使用了记住我功能就可以直接访问
        	perms: 拥有某个资源权限才可以访问
        	role： 拥有某个角色权限才可以访问
        	*/
        	Map<String,String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
        	filterMap.put("/user/add","authc");
        	filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");
        	shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
        	return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
        }
5.  编写自定义Login页面
    
        <!DOCTYPE html>
        <html lang="en">
            <head>
                <meta charset="UTF-8">
                <title>login</title>
            </head>
            <body>
                <p th:text="${msg}" style="color: red"></p>
                <form th:action="@{/login}">
                    <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="username"></p>
                    <p>密码：<input type="text" name="password"></p>
                    <p>
                        <button type="submit">登录</button>
                    </p>
                </form>
            </body>
        </html>
6.  编写跳转的controller
    
        @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
        public String toLogin(){
              
        	return "login";
        }
7.  在shiro中配置
    
        //shiroFilterFactoryBean
        @Bean
        public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager)
        {
              
            ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
            //设置安全管理器
            bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
            //添加shiro的内置过滤器
            /*
            anon:无需认证既可以访问
            author:必须认证了才能访问
            user:必须拥有 记住我 功能才能用
            perms:拥有对某个资源的权限才能访问
            role:拥有某个角色权限才能访问
        
            //filterMap.put("/user/add","authc");
            // filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");
             */
            filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
            bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
            //设置登录的页面
            bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
        
            return bean;
        }

### 3.3 登录认证 ###

1.  编写一个登录的controller
    
        //登录操作
        @RequestMapping("/login")
        public String login(String username,String password,Model model){
              
        	//使用shiro，编写认证操作
        	//1. 获取Subject
        	Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        	//2. 封装用户的数据
        	UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username,password);
        	//3. 执行登录的方法，只要没有异常就代表登录成功！
        	try {
              
        		subject.login(token); //登录成功！返回首页
        		return "index";
        	} catch (UnknownAccountException e) {
               //用户名不存在
        		model.addAttribute("msg","用户名不存在");
        		return "login";
        	} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) {
               //密码错误
        		model.addAttribute("msg","密码错误");
        		return "login";
        	}
        }
2.  在前端修改对应的信息输出或者请求
    
     *  登录页面增加一个 msg
    
        <p style="color:red;" th:text="${msg}"></p>
    
     *  给表单增加一个提交地址
    
        <form th:action="@{/login}">
        	<p>用户名： <input type="text" name="username"></p>
        	<p>密码： <input type="text" name="password"></p>
        	<p> <input type="submit"> </p>
        </form>
3.  在 UserRealm 中编写用户认证的判断逻辑
    
        //执行认证逻辑
        @Override
        protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationTokentoken) throws AuthenticationException {
              
        	System.out.println("执行了=>认证逻辑AuthenticationToken");
        	//假设数据库的用户名和密码
        	String name = "root";
        	String password = "123456";
        	//1.判断用户名
        	UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken)token;
        	if (!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)){
              
        		//用户名不存在
        		return null; //shiro底层就会抛出 UnknownAccountException
        	}
        	//2. 验证密码,我们可以使用一个AuthenticationInfo实现类
        	SimpleAuthenticationInfo
        	// shiro会自动帮我们验证！重点是第二个参数就是要验证的密码！
        	return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("", password, "");
        }

### 3.4 整合数据库 ###

1.  导入Mybatis相关依赖
    
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.13-SNSAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
2.  编写配置文件-连接配置 application.yml
    
        spring:
          datasource:
            username: root
            password: xxxx
            url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
            driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
            type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
        
        
            #Spring Boot 默认是不注入这些属性值的，需要自己绑定
            #druid 数据源专有配置
            initialSize: 5
            minIdle: 5
            maxActive: 20
            maxWait: 60000
            timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
            minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
            validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
            testWhileIdle: true
            testOnBorrow: false
            testOnReturn: false
            poolPreparedStatements: true
        
            #配置监控统计拦截的filters，stat:监控统计、log4j：日志记录、wall：防御sql注入
            #如果允许时报错 java.lang.ClassNotFoundException:org.apache.log4j.Priority
            #则导入 log4j 依赖即可，Maven 地址：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j
            filters: stat,wall,log4j
            maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
            useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
            connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500
3.  编写mybatis的配置
    
        #别名配置
        mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.yang.pojo
        mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml
4.  编写实体类,引入Lombok
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    
        import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
        import lombok.Data;
        import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
        import org.apache.ibatis.type.Alias;
        
        /**
         * @author 缘友一世
         * date 2022/9/17-9:43
         */
        @Data
        @NoArgsConstructor
        @AllArgsConstructor
        @Alias("User")
        public class User {
              
            private int id;
            private String name;
            private String pwd;
            private String perms;
        }
5.  编写Mapper接口
    
        import com.yang.pojo.User;
        import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
        import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
        
        /**
         * @author 缘友一世
         * date 2022/9/17-9:44
         */
        @Repository
        @Mapper
        public interface UserMapper {
              
            public User queryUserByName(String name);
        }
6.  编写Mapper配置文件
    
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
        <!DOCTYPE mapper
                PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
                "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
        <mapper namespace="com.yang.mapper.UserMapper">
            <select id="queryUserByName" parameterType="String"
                    resultType="User">
                select * from user where name = #{name}
            </select>
        </mapper>
7.  编写UserService 层
    
        import com.yang.pojo.User;
        
        /**
         * @author 缘友一世
         * date 2022/9/17-9:49
         */
        public interface UserService {
              
            public User queryUserByName(String name);
        }
    
        import com.yang.mapper.UserMapper;
        import com.yang.pojo.User;
        import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
        import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
        
        /**
         * @author 缘友一世
         * date 2022/9/17-9:51
         */
        @Service
        public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
              
        
            @Autowired
            UserMapper userMapper;
            @Override
            public User queryUserByName(String name) {
              
                return userMapper.queryUserByName(name);
            }
        }
8.  测试
    
        import com.yang.service.UserService;
        import com.yang.service.UserServiceImpl;
        import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
        import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
        import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
        
        @SpringBootTest
        class ShiroSpringbootApplicationTests {
              
            @Autowired
            UserServiceImpl userService;
        
            @Test
            void contextLoads() {
              
                System.out.println(userService.queryUserByName("小明"));
            }
        
        }
    
    ![在这里插入图片描述][dcad9df4cd02452eb0b8432266193b18.png]
9.  改造UserRealm
    
     *  连接到数据库进行真实的操作
    
        import com.yang.pojo.User;
        import com.yang.service.UserService;
        import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
        import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
        import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
        import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
        import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
        import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
        import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
        import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
        import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
        
        /**
         * @author 缘友一世
         * date 2022/9/16-21:08
         */
        //自定义UserRealm
        public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
              
            @Autowired UserService userService;
            //授权
            @Override
            protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
              
                System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");
                //给资源进行授权
                SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
                //添加资源的授权字符串
                //info.addStringPermission("user:add");//硬编码
        
                //拿到当前登录的这个对象
                Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
                User currentPrincipal = (User)subject.getPrincipal();//拿到user对象
                //设置当前用户的权限，从数据库中查询而来
                info.addStringPermission(currentPrincipal.getPerms());
                return info;
            }
            //认证
            @Override
            protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
              
                System.out.println("执行了=>认证doGetAuthorizationInfo");
                /*用户名 密码 数据获取
                String name="root";
                String password="123456";
                UsernamePasswordToken userToken=(UsernamePasswordToken) token;
        
                if(!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)) {
                    return null;//抛出异常 UnknownAccountException
                }
                //密码认证，shiro做
                return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");
                */
        
                UsernamePasswordToken userToken=(UsernamePasswordToken) token;
                //连接真实数据库
                User user = userService.queryUserByName(userToken.getUsername());
                if(user==null) {
              
                    return null;//抛出异常 UnknownAccountException
                }
                //为了完美，我们在用户登录后应该把信息放到Session中，我们完善下！在执行认证逻辑时候，加入session
                Subject currentSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
                Session session = currentSubject.getSession();
                session.setAttribute("loginUser",user);
                //第一个参数类型principal 当事人；首要的；最主要的 将user对象传递给上面的授权操作
                return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getPwd(),"");
            }
        }

### 3.5 用户授权操作 ###

*  使用shiro的过滤器来拦截请求

1.  在 ShiroFilterFactoryBean 中添加一个过滤器
    
        //授权过滤器
        filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]"); //大家记得注意顺序！

>  *  当我们实现权限拦截后，shiro会自动跳转到未授权的页面

1.  配置一个未授权的提示的页面，增加一个controller提示
    
        @RequestMapping("/noauth")
        @ResponseBody
        public String noAuth(){
              
        	return "未经授权不能访问此页面";
        }
2.  在shiroFilterFactoryBean 中配置一个未授权的请求页面
    
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noauth");

### 3.6 Shiro授权 ###

*  在UserRealm 中添加授权的逻辑，增加授权的字符串
    
        //授权
        @Override
        protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
              
            System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");
            //给资源进行授权
            SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
            //添加资源的授权字符串
            //info.addStringPermission("user:add");//硬编码
        
            //拿到当前登录的这个对象
            Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
            User currentPrincipal = (User)subject.getPrincipal();//拿到user对象
            //设置当前用户的权限，从数据库中查询而来
            info.addStringPermission(currentPrincipal.getPerms());
            return info;
        }
 *  在过滤器中，将 update 请求也进行权限拦截下
    
        //拦截
        LinkedHashMap<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        //授权 正常情况下，没有授权会跳转到未授权页面
        filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");
        filterMap.put("/user/update","perms[user:update]");

### 3.7 整合thymeleaf ###

1.  添加maven依赖
    
        
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId>
                    <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId>
                    <version>2.1.0</version>
                </dependency>
2.  配置一个shiro的Dialect ，在shiro的配置中增加一个Bean
    
        //配置ShiroDialect：方言，用于整合thymeleaf和shiro
            // 用于 thymeleaf 和 shiro 标签配合使用
            @Bean
            public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){
              
                return new ShiroDialect();
            }
3.  修改前端的配置
    
        <div shiro:hasPermission="user:add">
        	<a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a>
        </div>
        <div shiro:hasPermission="user:update">
        	<a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
        </div>
4.  在执行认证逻辑时候，加入session
    
        //为了完美，在用户登录后应该把信息放到Session中，我们完善下！在执行认证逻辑时候，加入session
         Subject currentSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
         Session session = currentSubject.getSession();
         session.setAttribute("loginUser",user);
5.  前端从session中获取，然后用来判断是否显示登录
    
        <p th:if="${session.loginUser==null}">
        	<a th:href="@{/toLogin}">登录</a>
        </p>

### 3.8 效果展示 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][d0fa1c9de8ed44e0811dc7edc13d365c.gif_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][673dd2e695184f59943d9e6ac9e97c96.png]

[Link 1]: https://download.csdn.net/download/yang2330648064/87399876
[Shiro]: https://shiro.apache.org/
[49a9502f04a94be28ef3fafd7aa7ecfd.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/71f93255062244ffb55e2aef74faf1ed.png
[960cd248008b42c9af5a48f9a855c088.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/aa2d07b46cf9405796c34323ab046979.png
[1730278c641e44c28f794c9bb3c8a238.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/63d3eb38eeb7451cb68939aaa2f5c65c.png
[10]: https://shiro.apache.org/10-minute-tutorial.html
[f5c11b1a58564a4697d6b174075650f7.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/23ba254f44ae447ebf83fac36959008e.png
[fb19f877c3c74ad28999ba13a1bb4e43.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/ff9da636b70f4692802fcef7f17aa5d4.png
[353d7670903042e29e0c0e01e1220dba.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/bf7ca0e7310b4115879fea95b0533bdb.png
[dcad9df4cd02452eb0b8432266193b18.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/634627077cd84e718f1de72864a41290.png
[d0fa1c9de8ed44e0811dc7edc13d365c.gif_pic_center]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/9a3799f71aa04bbabeab30ac99f34d72.png
[673dd2e695184f59943d9e6ac9e97c96.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/27/b7dc17933432467aab62922b15a6d57c.png