深度学习入门之快速建立图片数据集

心已赠人 2024-04-17 20:11 30阅读 0赞

朋友们，如需转载请标明出处：[http://blog.csdn.net/jiangjunshow][http_blog.csdn.net_jiangjunshow]

### 1. 快速建立图片数据集，我们将使用 Bing Image Search API 建立自己的图片数据集。 ###

首先进入 [Bing Image Search API][] 网站：[点击链接][Bing Image Search API]

![001.jpg][]

点击“Get API Key”按钮

![002.jpg][]

选择7天试用，点击“Get start”按钮

![003.jpg][]

同意微软服务条款和勾选地区，点击“Next”按钮

![004.jpg][]

可以使用你的 Microsoft, Facebook, LinkedIn, 或 GitHub 账号登陆，我使用我的 GitHub 账号登陆。

注册完成，进入[Your APIs][] 页面。如下图所示：

![005.jpg][]

向下拖动，可以查看可以使用的API列表和API Keys，注意红框部分，将在后面部分使用到。

![006.jpg][]

至此，你已经有一个Bing Image Search API账号，并可以使用 Bing Image Search API 了。你可以访问：

*  [Quickstart: Search for images using the Bing Image Search REST API and Python][Quickstart_ Search for images using the Bing Image Search REST API and Python]
 *  [How to page through results from the Bing Web Search API][]

了解更多关于 Bing Image Search API 如何使用的信息。下面将介绍编写Python脚本，使用 Bing Image Search API 下载图片。

### 2. 编写Python脚本下载图片 ###

首先安装 requests 包，在终端执行命令

$ pip install requests
    复制代码

新建一个文件，命名为 search\_bing\_api.py，插入以下代码

# import the necessary packages
    from requests import exceptions
    import argparse
    import requests
    import os
    import cv2
    
    # construct the argument parser and parse the arguments
    ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    ap.add_argument("-q", "--query", required=True,
    	help="search query to search Bing Image API for")
    args = vars(ap.parse_args())
    
    query = args["query"]
    output = "/Users/simon/AI/dataset/" + query
    
    # set your Microsoft Cognitive Services API key along with (1) the
    # maximum number of results for a given search and (2) the group size
    # for results (maximum of 50 per request)
    API_KEY = "YOUR Bing Image Search API Key"
    MAX_RESULTS = 250
    GROUP_SIZE = 50
     
    # set the endpoint API URL
    URL = "https://api.cognitive.microsoft.com/bing/v7.0/images/search"
    
    # when attempting to download images from the web both the Python
    # programming language and the requests library have a number of
    # exceptions that can be thrown so let's build a list of them now
    # so we can filter on them
    EXCEPTIONS = set([IOError, FileNotFoundError,exceptions.RequestException, exceptions.HTTPError,exceptions.ConnectionError, exceptions.Timeout])
    
    
    # store the search term in a convenience variable then set the
    # headers and search parameters
    term = query
    headers = {"Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key" : API_KEY}
    params = {"q": term, "offset": 0, "count": GROUP_SIZE}
     
    # make the search
    print("[INFO] searching Bing API for '{}'".format(term))
    search = requests.get(URL, headers=headers, params=params)
    search.raise_for_status()
     
    # grab the results from the search, including the total number of
    # estimated results returned by the Bing API
    results = search.json()
    estNumResults = min(results["totalEstimatedMatches"], MAX_RESULTS)
    print("[INFO] {} total results for '{}'".format(estNumResults,term))
     
    # initialize the total number of images downloaded thus far
    total = 0
    
    # loop over the estimated number of results in `GROUP_SIZE` groups
    for offset in range(0, estNumResults, GROUP_SIZE):
    	# update the search parameters using the current offset, then
    	# make the request to fetch the results
    	print("[INFO] making request for group {}-{} of {}...".format(
    		offset, offset + GROUP_SIZE, estNumResults))
    	params["offset"] = offset
    	search = requests.get(URL, headers=headers, params=params)
    	search.raise_for_status()
    	results = search.json()
    	print("[INFO] saving images for group {}-{} of {}...".format(
    		offset, offset + GROUP_SIZE, estNumResults))
    
    # loop over the results
    	for v in results["value"]:
    		# try to download the image
    		try:
    			# make a request to download the image
    			print("[INFO] fetching: {}".format(v["contentUrl"]))
    			r = requests.get(v["contentUrl"], timeout=30)
     
    			# build the path to the output image
    			ext = v["contentUrl"][v["contentUrl"].rfind("."):]
    			p = os.path.sep.join([output, "{}{}".format(str(total).zfill(8), ext)])
     
    			# write the image to disk
    			f = open(p, "wb")
    			f.write(r.content)
    			f.close()
    			image = cv2.imread(p)
     
    			# if the image is `None` then we could not properly load the
    			# image from disk (so it should be ignored)
    			if image is None:
    				print("[INFO] deleting: {}".format(p))
    				os.remove(p)
    				continue
     
    		# catch any errors that would not unable us to download the
    		# image
    		except Exception as e:
    			# check to see if our exception is in our list of
    			# exceptions to check for
    			if type(e) in EXCEPTIONS:
    				print("[INFO] skipping: {}".format(v["contentUrl"]))
    				continue
     
    		# update the counter
    		total += 1
    复制代码

以上为所有的Python下载图片代码，注意以下红框部分替换为自己的文件目录和自己的 Bing Image Search API Key。

![007.jpg][]

### 3. 运行下载脚本，下载图片 ###

创建图片存储主目录，在终端执行命令

$ mkdir dataset
    复制代码

创建当前下载内容的存储目录，在终端执行命令

$ mkdir dataset/pikachu
    复制代码

终端执行命令如下命令，开始下载图片

$ python search_bing_api.py --query "pikachu"
    复制代码

[INFO] searching Bing API for 'pikachu'
    [INFO] 250 total results for 'pikachu'
    [INFO] making request for group 0-50 of 250...
    [INFO] saving images for group 0-50 of 250...
    [INFO] fetching: http://images5.fanpop.com/image/photos/29200000/PIKACHU-pikachu-29274386-861-927.jpg
    [INFO] skipping: http://images5.fanpop.com/image/photos/29200000/PIKACHU-pikachu-29274386-861-927.jpg
    [INFO] fetching: http://images6.fanpop.com/image/photos/33000000/pikachu-pikachu-33005706-895-1000.png
    [INFO] skipping: http://images6.fanpop.com/image/photos/33000000/pikachu-pikachu-33005706-895-1000.png
    [INFO] fetching: http://images5.fanpop.com/image/photos/31600000/Pikachu-with-pokeball-pikachu-31615402-2560-2245.jpg
    复制代码

按照相同的方法下载其他图片：charmander，squirtle，bulbasaur，mewtwo

下载 charmander

$ mkdir dataset/charmander
    复制代码

$ python search_bing_api.py --query "charmander"
    复制代码

下载 squirtle

$ mkdir dataset/squirtle
    复制代码

$ python search_bing_api.py --query "squirtle"
    复制代码

下载 bulbasaur

$ mkdir dataset/bulbasaur
    复制代码

$ python search_bing_api.py --query "bulbasaur"
    复制代码

下载 mewtwo

$ mkdir dataset/mewtwo
    复制代码

$ python search_bing_api.py --query "mewtwo"
    复制代码

下载的图片如下图所示

![008.jpg][]

下载全部完成大约需要30多分钟时间，最终五个文件夹下的图片内容如下

![009.jpg][]

为了更好的训练模型，我们应该进行图片筛选，将不合适的图片删除掉。比如在某一个分类文件夹下，将不属于这个分类的图片删除掉，将包含了其他分类的图片删除等。筛选方法为，打开文件夹，浏览图片，手工进行筛选。

[http_blog.csdn.net_jiangjunshow]: http://blog.csdn.net/jiangjunshow
[Bing Image Search API]: https://link.juejin.im?target=https%3A%2F%2Fazure.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Ftry%2Fcognitive-services%2F%3Fapi%3Dbing-image-search-api
[001.jpg]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91c2VyLWdvbGQtY2RuLnhpdHUuaW8vMjAxOS84LzI5LzE2Y2Q5MzZiY2I2NjVmMDA_aW1hZ2VWaWV3Mi8wL3cvMTI4MC9oLzk2MC9mb3JtYXQvd2VicC9pZ25vcmUtZXJyb3IvMQ?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[002.jpg]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91c2VyLWdvbGQtY2RuLnhpdHUuaW8vMjAxOS84LzI5LzE2Y2Q5MzZiYzkyY2RkNGY_aW1hZ2VWaWV3Mi8wL3cvMTI4MC9oLzk2MC9mb3JtYXQvd2VicC9pZ25vcmUtZXJyb3IvMQ?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[003.jpg]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91c2VyLWdvbGQtY2RuLnhpdHUuaW8vMjAxOS84LzI5LzE2Y2Q5MzZiY2NlYTE3M2I_aW1hZ2VWaWV3Mi8wL3cvMTI4MC9oLzk2MC9mb3JtYXQvd2VicC9pZ25vcmUtZXJyb3IvMQ?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[004.jpg]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91c2VyLWdvbGQtY2RuLnhpdHUuaW8vMjAxOS84LzI5LzE2Y2Q5MzZiZDE4ZmE3N2Y_aW1hZ2VWaWV3Mi8wL3cvMTI4MC9oLzk2MC9mb3JtYXQvd2VicC9pZ25vcmUtZXJyb3IvMQ?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Your APIs]: https://link.juejin.im?target=https%3A%2F%2Fazure.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Ftry%2Fcognitive-services%2Fmy-apis%2F
[005.jpg]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91c2VyLWdvbGQtY2RuLnhpdHUuaW8vMjAxOS84LzI5LzE2Y2Q5MzZiYzVlOWQ2ZDA_aW1hZ2VWaWV3Mi8wL3cvMTI4MC9oLzk2MC9mb3JtYXQvd2VicC9pZ25vcmUtZXJyb3IvMQ?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[006.jpg]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91c2VyLWdvbGQtY2RuLnhpdHUuaW8vMjAxOS84LzI5LzE2Y2Q5MzZiYzhhY2I2NmE_aW1hZ2VWaWV3Mi8wL3cvMTI4MC9oLzk2MC9mb3JtYXQvd2VicC9pZ25vcmUtZXJyb3IvMQ?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[Quickstart_ Search for images using the Bing Image Search REST API and Python]: https://link.juejin.im?target=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fazure%2Fcognitive-services%2Fbing-image-search%2Fquickstarts%2Fpython
[How to page through results from the Bing Web Search API]: https://link.juejin.im?target=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fazure%2Fcognitive-services%2Fbing-web-search%2Fpaging-webpages
[007.jpg]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91c2VyLWdvbGQtY2RuLnhpdHUuaW8vMjAxOS84LzI5LzE2Y2Q5MzZiZWQyZTQ1YjY_aW1hZ2VWaWV3Mi8wL3cvMTI4MC9oLzk2MC9mb3JtYXQvd2VicC9pZ25vcmUtZXJyb3IvMQ?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[008.jpg]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91c2VyLWdvbGQtY2RuLnhpdHUuaW8vMjAxOS84LzI5LzE2Y2Q5MzZiZWFkZTk0YWU_aW1hZ2VWaWV3Mi8wL3cvMTI4MC9oLzk2MC9mb3JtYXQvd2VicC9pZ25vcmUtZXJyb3IvMQ?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[009.jpg]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91c2VyLWdvbGQtY2RuLnhpdHUuaW8vMjAxOS84LzI5LzE2Y2Q5MzZiZjBmZjMyZjk_aW1hZ2VWaWV3Mi8wL3cvMTI4MC9oLzk2MC9mb3JtYXQvd2VicC9pZ25vcmUtZXJyb3IvMQ?x-oss-process=image/format,png