java程序读取excel表格并存入mysql数据库详细教程

- 日理万妓 2024-04-17 20:25 66阅读 0赞

0)poi简单介绍  
Apache POI是Apache软件基金会的开放源码函式库，POI提供API给Java程序对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。  
**HSSF － 提供读写Microsoft Excel格式档案的功能。  
XSSF － 提供读写Microsoft Excel OOXML格式档案的功能。  
HWPF － 提供读写Microsoft Word格式档案的功能。  
HSLF － 提供读写Microsoft PowerPoint格式档案的功能。  
HDGF － 提供读写Microsoft Visio格式档案的功能。**  
1）导入依赖

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
                <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
                <version>4.0.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
                <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
                <version>4.0.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
                <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
                <version>4.0.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
                <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
                <version>4.5.6</version>
            </dependency>

2）写个ExcelUtil 工具类

package com.example.tool;
    
    import java.beans.IntrospectionException;
    import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
    import java.lang.reflect.Method;
    import java.text.DecimalFormat;
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    
    import com.example.bean.ExcelBean;
    import org.apache.http.client.utils.DateUtils;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellType;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
    
    
    /**
     * @ClassName ExcelUtil
     * @Description TODO
     * @Author 胡泽
     * @Date 2019/8/31 9:31
     * @Version 1.0
     */
    public class ExcelUtil {
    
        private final static String excel2003L = ".xls"; // 2003- 版本的excel
        private final static String excel2007U = ".xlsx"; // 2007+ 版本的excel
    
        /**
         * Excel导入
         */
        public static List<List<Object>> getUserListByExcel(InputStream in, String fileName) throws Exception {
            List<List<Object>> list = null;
            // 创建Excel工作薄
            Workbook work = getWorkbook(in, fileName);
            if (null == work) {
                throw new Exception("创建Excel工作薄为空！");
            }
            Sheet sheet = null;
            Row row = null;
            Cell cell = null;
            list = new ArrayList<List<Object>>();
            // 遍历Excel中所有的sheet
            for (int i = 0; i < work.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) {
                sheet = work.getSheetAt(i);
                if (sheet == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                // 遍历当前sheet中的所有行
                // 包含头部，所以要小于等于最后一列数,这里也可以在初始值加上头部行数，以便跳过头部
                for (int j = sheet.getFirstRowNum(); j <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); j++) {
                    // 读取一行
                    row = sheet.getRow(j);
                    // 去掉空行和表头
                    if (row == null || row.getFirstCellNum() == j) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    // 遍历所有的列
                    List<Object> li = new ArrayList<Object>();
                    for (int y = row.getFirstCellNum(); y < row.getLastCellNum(); y++) {
                        cell = row.getCell(y);
                        li.add(getCellValue(cell));
                    }
                    list.add(li);
                }
            }
            return list;
        }
    
        /**
         * 描述：根据文件后缀，自适应上传文件的版本
         */
        public static Workbook getWorkbook(InputStream inStr, String fileName) throws Exception {
            Workbook wb = null;
            String fileType = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
            if (excel2003L.equals(fileType)) {
                wb = new HSSFWorkbook(inStr); // 2003-
            } else if (excel2007U.equals(fileType)) {
                wb = new XSSFWorkbook(inStr); // 2007+
            } else {
                throw new Exception("解析的文件格式有误！");
            }
            return wb;
        }
    
        /**
         * 描述：对表格中数值进行格式化
         */
        public static Object getCellValue(Cell cell) {
            Object value = null;
            DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0"); // 格式化字符类型的数字
            SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:ss"); // 日期格式化
            DecimalFormat df2 = new DecimalFormat("0"); // 格式化数字
            if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.STRING) {
                value = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
            } else if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.NUMERIC) {
                if ("General".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())) {
                    value = df.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
                } else if ("m/d/yy".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())) {
                    value = sdf.format(cell.getDateCellValue());
                } else {
                    value = df2.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
                }
            } else if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.BOOLEAN) {
                value = cell.getBooleanCellValue();
            } else if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.BLANK) {
                value = "";
            }
            return value;
        }
    
        /**
         * 导入Excel表结束 导出Excel表开始
         *
         * @param sheetName
         *            工作簿名称
         * @param clazz
         *            数据源model类型
         * @param objs
         *            excel标题列以及对应model字段名
         * @param map
         *            标题列行数以及cell字体样式
         */
        public static XSSFWorkbook createExcelFile(Class clazz, List objs, Map<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> map,
                                                   String sheetName) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException,
                ClassNotFoundException, IntrospectionException {
            // 创建新的Excel工作簿
            XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
            // 在Excel工作簿中建一工作表，其名为缺省值, 也可以指定Sheet名称
            XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(sheetName);
            // 以下为excel的字体样式以及excel的标题与内容的创建，下面会具体分析;
            createTableHeader(sheet, map); //创建标题（头）
            createTableRows(sheet, map, objs, clazz); // 创建内容
            return workbook;
        }
    
        /**
         * @param sheet
         *            工作簿
         * @param map
         *            每行每个单元格对应的列头信息
         */
        public static final void createTableHeader(XSSFSheet sheet, Map<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> map) {
            for (Map.Entry<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> entry : map.entrySet()) {
                XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(entry.getKey());
                List<ExcelBean> excels = entry.getValue();
                for (int x = 0; x < excels.size(); x++) {
                    XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(x);
                    cell.setCellValue(excels.get(x).getHeadTextName());// 设置内容
                }
            }
        }
    
        public static void createTableRows(XSSFSheet sheet, Map<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> map, List objs, Class clazz)
                throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, IntrospectionException{
            int rowindex = map.size();
            int maxKey = 0;
            List<ExcelBean> ems = new ArrayList<>();
            for (Map.Entry<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> entry : map.entrySet()) {
                if (entry.getKey() > maxKey) {
                    maxKey = entry.getKey();
                }
            }
            ems = map.get(maxKey);
            for (Object obj : objs) {
                XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowindex);
                for (int i = 0; i < ems.size(); i++) {
                    ExcelBean em = (ExcelBean) ems.get(i);
                    // 获得get方法
                    PropertyDescriptor pd = new PropertyDescriptor(em.getPropertyName(), clazz);
                    Method getMethod = pd.getReadMethod();
                    Object rtn = getMethod.invoke(obj);
                    String value = "";
                    // 如果是日期类型进行转换
                    if (rtn != null) {
                        if (rtn instanceof Date) {
                            value = DateUtils.formatDate((Date) rtn, "yyyy-MM-dd");
                        } else {
                            value = rtn.toString();
                        }
                    }
                    XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
                    cell.setCellValue(value);
                    cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
                }
                rowindex++;
            }
        }
    }

3）实体类

package com.example.bean;
    
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    
    /**
     * @ClassName ExcelBean
     * @Description TODO
     * @Author 胡泽
     * @Date 2019/8/31 9:33
     * @Version 1.0
     */
    public class ExcelBean implements Serializable {
        private String headTextName; // 列头（标题）名
        private String propertyName; // 对应字段名
        private Integer cols; // 合并单元格数
        private XSSFCellStyle cellStyle;
    
        public ExcelBean() {
        }
    
        public ExcelBean(String headTextName, String propertyName) {
            this.headTextName = headTextName;
            this.propertyName = propertyName;
        }
    
        public ExcelBean(String headTextName, String propertyName, Integer cols) {
            super();
            this.headTextName = headTextName;
            this.propertyName = propertyName;
            this.cols = cols;
        }
    
        public String getHeadTextName() {
            return headTextName;
        }
    
        public void setHeadTextName(String headTextName) {
            this.headTextName = headTextName;
        }
    
        public String getPropertyName() {
            return propertyName;
        }
    
        public void setPropertyName(String propertyName) {
            this.propertyName = propertyName;
        }
    
        public Integer getCols() {
            return cols;
        }
    
        public void setCols(Integer cols) {
            this.cols = cols;
        }
    
        public XSSFCellStyle getCellStyle() {
            return cellStyle;
        }
    
        public void setCellStyle(XSSFCellStyle cellStyle) {
            this.cellStyle = cellStyle;
        }
    
    }

4）jsp页面

<%--
      Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
      User: admin
      Date: 2019/8/30
      Time: 9:02
      To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
    --%>
    <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri ="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <%--<form action="list" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"  >
        <input type="file" name="myfile" />
        <input type="submit" value="导入"/>
    </form>--%>
    <form action="getExcelData" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"  >
        <input type="file" name="myfile" />
        <input type="submit" value="导入"/>
    </form>
    <hr/>
    
    <form action="export" method="post">
        <input type="submit" value="导出">
    </form>
    </body>
    </html>

5）controller 类

@RequestMapping(value = "/getExcelData", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        public String getExcelData(MultipartFile myfile, Model model) {
            try {
                List<List<Object>> lists = ExcelUtil.getUserListByExcel(myfile.getInputStream(), myfile.getOriginalFilename());
                //List<List<Object>>--->List<User>
                List<UserInfo> users = new ArrayList<>();
                //
                for (int i = 0; i < lists.size(); i++) {
                    UserInfo user = new UserInfo();
                    List<Object> ob = lists.get(i);//List<Object>
                    user.setId(Integer.parseInt(ob.get(0).toString()));//"1"
                    user.setUsername(ob.get(1).toString());
                    //ob.get(4).toString();//Object-->String("2019-08-30 12:12:12")--->Date
                    SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
                    System.out.println("1111111111111111111"+ob.get(4).toString());
                    Date time = sdf.parse(ob.get(4).toString());
                    user.setCreatedate(time);
                    users.add(user);
                }
                //插入数据
                userInfoService.insert(users);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            UserInfoExample userExample = new UserInfoExample();
            List<UserInfo> allusers = userInfoService.selectByExample(userExample);
            model.addAttribute("all", allusers);
            return "display";
        }

6)效果图  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h1emVjb20_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h1emVjb20_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h1emVjb20_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h1emVjb20_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈！！！！！

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h1emVjb20_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/17/7e681b4b578d463882ce8f62bc2462d3.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h1emVjb20_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/17/1ea62d8beab54de1bbaeac25e97bd090.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h1emVjb20_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/17/8ba76bbee021422cb07f0cb42b484220.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h1emVjb20_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/17/299fab4354a04c90ad9ab11ce4b8b57b.png