MongoDB 集合的插入、更新、删除操作

朱雀 2024-04-18 01:56 75阅读 0赞

\--创建集合  
  
> db.restaurants.insert(\{\})  
2016-06-03T16:05:08.428-0700 I COMMAND  \[conn4\] command test.restaurants command: insert \{ insert: "restaurants", documents: \[ \{ \_id: ObjectId('57520d24f435fd6c606d67a0') \} \], ordered: true \}   
  
ninserted:1 keyUpdates:0 writeConflicts:0 numYields:0 reslen:25 locks:\{ Global: \{ acquireCount: \{ r: 2, w: 2 \} \}, Database: \{ acquireCount: \{ w: 1, W: 1 \} \}, Collection: \{ acquireCount: \{ w: 1, W:   
  
1 \} \} \} protocol:op\_command 140ms  
WriteResult(\{ "nInserted" : 1 \})  
> show collections;  
restaurants  
> db.restaurants.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57520d24f435fd6c606d67a0") \}  
  
\--查询集合里面的文档  
  
> db.restaurants.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("574466fc4ecd57851a197423"), "address" : \{ "street" : "2 Avenue", "zipcode" : "10075", "building" : "1480", "coord" : \[ -73.9557413, 40.7720266 \] \}, "borough" : "Manhattan",   
"cuisine" :   
"Italian", "grades" : \[ \{ "date" : ISODate("2014-10-01T00:00:00Z"), "grade" : "A", "score" : 11 \}, \{ "date" : ISODate("2014-01-16T00:00:00Z"), "grade" : "B", "score" : 17 \} \], "name" : "Vella",   
"restaurant\_id" : "41704620" \}  
  
> db.restaurants.findOne()  
\{  
"\_id" : ObjectId("574466fc4ecd57851a197423"),  
"address" : \{  
"street" : "2 Avenue",  
"zipcode" : "10075",  
"building" : "1480",  
"coord" : \[  
\-73.9557413,  
40.7720266  
\]  
\},  
"borough" : "Manhattan",  
"cuisine" : "Italian",  
"grades" : \[  
\{  
"date" : ISODate("2014-10-01T00:00:00Z"),  
"grade" : "A",  
"score" : 11  
\},  
\{  
"date" : ISODate("2014-01-16T00:00:00Z"),  
"grade" : "B",  
"score" : 17  
\}  
\],  
"name" : "Vella",  
"restaurant\_id" : "41704620"  
\}  
  
\--删除集合  
  
> db.restaurants.drop()  
2016-06-03T16:02:51.910-0700 I COMMAND  \[conn4\] CMD: drop test.restaurants  
2016-06-03T16:02:52.073-0700 I COMMAND  \[conn4\] command test.restaurants command: drop \{ drop: "restaurants" \} keyUpdates:0 writeConflicts:0 numYields:0 reslen:64 locks:\{ Global: \{ acquireCount: \{   
r: 1, w: 1 \} \}, Database: \{ acquireCount: \{ W: 1 \} \} \} protocol:op\_command 152ms  
true  
> db.restaurants.find()  
  
\--插入单条文档  
  
> show collections;  
restaurants  
> db.restaurants.find()  
2016-06-03T08:26:09.624-0700 I COMMAND  \[conn4\] command test.restaurants command: find \{ find: "restaurants", filter: \{\} \} planSummary: COLLSCAN keysExamined:0 docsExamined:0 cursorExhausted:1   
keyUpdates:0 writeConflicts:0 numYields:1 nreturned:0 reslen:107 locks:\{ Global: \{ acquireCount: \{ r: 4 \} \}, Database: \{ acquireCount: \{ r: 2 \} \}, Collection: \{ acquireCount: \{ r: 2 \} \} \}   
protocol:op\_command 186ms  
> db.restaurants.find()  
> db.restaurants.insert(\{"bar" : "baz"\})  
2016-06-03T08:27:32.007-0700 I COMMAND  \[conn4\] command test.restaurants command: insert \{ insert: "restaurants", documents: \[ \{ \_id: ObjectId('5751a1e3f435fd6c606d679f'), bar: "baz" \} \], ordered:   
true \} ninserted:1 keyUpdates:0 writeConflicts:0 numYields:0 reslen:25 locks:\{ Global: \{ acquireCount: \{ r: 1, w: 1 \} \}, Database: \{ acquireCount: \{ w: 1 \} \}, Collection: \{ acquireCount: \{ w: 1 \} \}   
\} protocol:op\_command 210ms  
WriteResult(\{ "nInserted" : 1 \})  
> db.restaurants.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("5751a1e3f435fd6c606d679f"), "bar" : "baz" \}  
  
\--批量插入文档  
  
> db.restaurants.insert(\[\{"\_id" : 0\}, \{"\_id" : 1\}, \{"\_id" : 2\}\])  
BulkWriteResult(\{  
"writeErrors" : \[ \],  
"writeConcernErrors" : \[ \],  
"nInserted" : 3,  
"nUpserted" : 0,  
"nMatched" : 0,  
"nModified" : 0,  
"nRemoved" : 0,  
"upserted" : \[ \]  
\})  
> db.restaurants.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("5751a1e3f435fd6c606d679f"), "bar" : "baz" \}  
\{ "\_id" : 0 \}  
\{ "\_id" : 1 \}  
\{ "\_id" : 2 \}  
  
\--更新文档  
  
> db.restaurants.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57520d24f435fd6c606d67a0") \}  
> pos=(\{"phone":18210000000,"Adreess" : "Beijing Haidian Street"\})  
\{ "phone" : 18210000000, "Adreess" : "Beijing Haidian Street" \}  
  
> db.restaurants.update(\{"\_id" : ObjectId("57520d24f435fd6c606d67a0")\}, pos)  
2016-06-03T16:14:38.871-0700 I WRITE    \[conn4\] update test.restaurants query: \{ \_id: ObjectId('57520d24f435fd6c606d67a0') \} update: \{ phone: 18210000000.0, Adreess: "Beijing Haidian Street" \}   
  
keysExamined:1 docsExamined:1 nMatched:1 nModified:1 keyUpdates:0 writeConflicts:0 numYields:1 locks:\{ Global: \{ acquireCount: \{ r: 2, w: 2 \} \}, Database: \{ acquireCount: \{ w: 2 \} \}, Collection: \{   
acquireCount: \{ w: 2 \} \} \} 142ms  
2016-06-03T16:14:38.871-0700 I COMMAND  \[conn4\] command test.$cmd command: update \{ update: "restaurants", updates: \[ \{ q: \{ \_id: ObjectId('57520d24f435fd6c606d67a0') \}, u: \{ phone: 18210000000.0,   
Adreess: "Beijing Haidian Street" \}, multi: false, upsert: false \} \], ordered: true \} keyUpdates:0 writeConflicts:0 numYields:0 reslen:40 locks:\{ Global: \{ acquireCount: \{ r: 2, w: 2 \} \}, Database:   
  
\{ acquireCount: \{ w: 2 \} \}, Collection: \{ acquireCount: \{ w: 2 \} \} \} protocol:op\_command 142ms  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.restaurants.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57520d24f435fd6c606d67a0"), "phone" : 18210000000, "Adreess" : "Beijing Haidian Street" \}  
  
> db.people.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522660f435fd6c606d67a1"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 65 \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 20 \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("5752268bf435fd6c606d67a3"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 49 \}  
> joe = db.people.findOne(\{"name" : "joe", "age" : 20\});  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 20 \}  
> joe.age++;  
20  
> db.people.update(\{"\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2")\}, joe)  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.people.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522660f435fd6c606d67a1"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 65 \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 21 \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("5752268bf435fd6c606d67a3"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 49 \}  
  
\--删除文档  
  
> db.restaurants.remove(\{"\_id" : 1\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nRemoved" : 1 \})  
  
\--使用修改器  
\--"$set"用来指定一个字段的值。如果这个字段不存在，则创建它。这对更新模式或者增加用户定义的键来说非常方便。  
  
> db.people.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522660f435fd6c606d67a1"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 65 \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 21 \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("5752268bf435fd6c606d67a3"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 49 \}  
> db.people.update(\{"\_id" : ObjectId("57522660f435fd6c606d67a1")\},\{"$set" : \{"favorite book" : "War and Peace"\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.people.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522660f435fd6c606d67a1"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 65, "favorite book" : "War and Peace" \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 21 \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("5752268bf435fd6c606d67a3"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 49 \}  
> db.people.update(\{"\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2")\},\{"$set" : \{"favorite book" : "Green Eggs and Ham"\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.people.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522660f435fd6c606d67a1"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 65, "favorite book" : "War and Peace" \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 21, "favorite book" : "Green Eggs and Ham" \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("5752268bf435fd6c606d67a3"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 49 \}  
> db.people.update(\{"\_id" : ObjectId("5752268bf435fd6c606d67a3")\},\{"$set" : \{"favorite book" : \["Cat's Cradle", "Foundation Trilogy", "Ender's Game"\]\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.people.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522660f435fd6c606d67a1"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 65, "favorite book" : "War and Peace" \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 21, "favorite book" : "Green Eggs and Ham" \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("5752268bf435fd6c606d67a3"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 49, "favorite book" : \[ "Cat's Cradle", "Foundation Trilogy", "Ender's Game" \] \}  
  
> db.people.insert(\{"name" : "Neo", "age" : 35, "personal info" : \{"Adrees" : "Beijing", "Phone" : 18500000005\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nInserted" : 1 \})  
> db.people.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522660f435fd6c606d67a1"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 65, "favorite book" : "War and Peace" \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 21 \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("5752268bf435fd6c606d67a3"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 49, "favorite book" : \[ "Cat's Cradle", "Foundation Trilogy", "Ender's Game" \] \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57540a73f435fd6c606d67a8"), "name" : "Neo", "age" : 35, "personal info" : \{ "Adrees" : "Beijing", "Phone" : 18500000005 \} \}  
> db.people.update(\{"\_id" : ObjectId("57540a73f435fd6c606d67a8")\},\{"$set" : \{"Phone" : 18000000000\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.people.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522660f435fd6c606d67a1"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 65, "favorite book" : "War and Peace" \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 21 \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("5752268bf435fd6c606d67a3"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 49, "favorite book" : \[ "Cat's Cradle", "Foundation Trilogy", "Ender's Game" \] \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57540a73f435fd6c606d67a8"), "name" : "Neo", "age" : 35, "personal info" : \{ "Adrees" : "Beijing", "Phone" : 18500000005 \}, "Phone" : 18000000000 \}  
  
\--"$unset"完全删除某个键  
  
> db.people.update(\{"\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2")\},\{"$unset" : \{"favorite book" : 1\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.people.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522660f435fd6c606d67a1"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 65, "favorite book" : "War and Peace" \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("57522683f435fd6c606d67a2"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 21 \}  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("5752268bf435fd6c606d67a3"), "name" : "joe", "age" : 49, "favorite book" : \[ "Cat's Cradle", "Foundation Trilogy", "Ender's Game" \] \}  
  
\--"$inc"修改器用来增加已有键的值，如果该键不存在就创建一个，专门用于增加（和减少）数字的。对于更新分析数据、投票或者其他有变化数据的地方，使用这个都会非常方便。  
  
> db.games.insert(\{"game" : "pinball", "user" : "joe"\})  
2016-06-11T02:31:48.943-0700 I COMMAND  \[conn4\] command test.games command: insert \{ insert: "games", documents: \[ \{ \_id: ObjectId('575bda83f435fd6c606d67a9'), game: "pinball", user: "joe" \} \],   
ordered: true \} ninserted:1 keyUpdates:0 writeConflicts:0 numYields:0 reslen:25 locks:\{ Global: \{ acquireCount: \{ r: 2, w: 2 \} \}, Database: \{ acquireCount: \{ w: 1, W: 1 \} \}, Collection: \{   
acquireCount: \{ w: 1, W: 1 \} \} \} protocol:op\_command 733ms  
WriteResult(\{ "nInserted" : 1 \})  
> db.games.findOne()  
\{  
"\_id" : ObjectId("575bda83f435fd6c606d67a9"),  
"game" : "pinball",  
"user" : "joe"  
\}  
> db.games.update(\{"game" : "pinball", "user" : "joe"\},\{"$inc" : \{"score" : 50\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.games.findOne()  
\{  
"\_id" : ObjectId("575bda83f435fd6c606d67a9"),  
"game" : "pinball",  
"user" : "joe",  
"score" : 50  
\}  
> db.games.update(\{"game" : "pinball", "user" : "joe"\},\{"$inc" : \{"score" : 10000\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.games.findOne()  
\{  
"\_id" : ObjectId("575bda83f435fd6c606d67a9"),  
"game" : "pinball",  
"user" : "joe",  
"score" : 10050  
\}  
  
\--"$push"会向已有的数组末尾加入一个元素，要是没有就创建一个新的数组。  
  
> db.blog.posts.insert(\{"title" : "A blog post", "contents" : "personal information"\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nInserted" : 1 \})  
> db.blog.posts.findOne()  
\{  
"\_id" : ObjectId("575bdd81f435fd6c606d67aa"),  
"title" : "A blog post",  
"contents" : "personal information"  
\}  
> db.blog.findOne()  
null  
> db.blog.find()  
> db.blog.posts.findOne()  
\{  
"\_id" : ObjectId("575bdd81f435fd6c606d67aa"),  
"title" : "A blog post",  
"contents" : "personal information"  
\}  
> db.blog.posts.update(\{"title" : "A blog post"\}, \{"$push" : \{"comments" : \{"name" : "joe", "email" : "joe@example.com", "content" : "nice post."\}\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.blog.posts.findOne()  
\{  
"\_id" : ObjectId("575bdd81f435fd6c606d67aa"),  
"title" : "A blog post",  
"contents" : "personal information",  
"comments" : \[  
\{  
"name" : "joe",  
"email" : "joe@example.com",  
"content" : "nice post."  
\}  
\]  
\}  
> db.blog.posts.update(\{"title" : "A blog post"\}, \{"$push" : \{"comments" : \{"name" : "bob", "email" : "bob@example.com", "content" : "good post."\}\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.blog.posts.findOne()  
\{  
"\_id" : ObjectId("575bdd81f435fd6c606d67aa"),  
"title" : "A blog post",  
"contents" : "personal information",  
"comments" : \[  
\{  
"name" : "joe",  
"email" : "joe@example.com",  
"content" : "nice post."  
\},  
\{  
"name" : "bob",  
"email" : "bob@example.com",  
"content" : "good post."  
\}  
\]  
\}  
  
\--将数组作为数据集使用  
  
> db.users.insert(\{"username" : "joe", "emails" : \["jose@example.com", "joe@gmail.com", "joe@yahoo.com"\]\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nInserted" : 1 \})  
> db.users.find();  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("575bdf87f435fd6c606d67ab"), "username" : "joe", "emails" : \[ "jose@example.com", "joe@gmail.com", "joe@yahoo.com" \] \}  
> db.users.update(\{"\_id" : ObjectId("575bdf87f435fd6c606d67ab")\}, \{"$addToSet" : \{"emails" : "jose@gmail.com"\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.users.find();  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("575bdf87f435fd6c606d67ab"), "username" : "joe", "emails" : \[ "jose@example.com", "joe@gmail.com", "joe@yahoo.com", "jose@gmail.com" \] \}  
> db.users.update(\{"\_id" : ObjectId("575bdf87f435fd6c606d67ab")\}, \{"$addToSet" : \{"emails" : "joe@gmail.com"\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 0 \})  
> db.users.find();  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("575bdf87f435fd6c606d67ab"), "username" : "joe", "emails" : \[ "jose@example.com", "joe@gmail.com", "joe@yahoo.com", "jose@gmail.com" \] \}  
> db.users.update(\{"\_id" : ObjectId("575bdf87f435fd6c606d67ab")\}, \{"$addToSet" : \{"emails" : \{"$each" : \["joe@gmail.com" ,"jose@gmail.com"\]\}\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 0 \})  
> db.users.find();  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("575bdf87f435fd6c606d67ab"), "username" : "joe", "emails" : \[ "jose@example.com", "joe@gmail.com", "joe@yahoo.com", "jose@gmail.com" \] \}  
>   
  
\--删除元素  
  
> db.lists.insert(\{"todo" : \["dishes" , "laundry", "dry cleaning"\]\})  
2016-06-11T03:26:01.394-0700 I COMMAND  \[conn4\] command test.lists command: insert \{ insert: "lists", documents: \[ \{ \_id: ObjectId('575be738f435fd6c606d67ac'), todo: \[ "dishes", "laundry", "dry   
cleaning" \] \} \], ordered: true \} ninserted:1 keyUpdates:0 writeConflicts:0 numYields:0 reslen:25 locks:\{ Global: \{ acquireCount: \{ r: 2, w: 2 \} \}, Database: \{ acquireCount: \{ w: 1, W: 1 \} \},   
Collection: \{ acquireCount: \{ w: 1, W: 1 \} \} \} protocol:op\_command 434ms  
WriteResult(\{ "nInserted" : 1 \})  
> db.lists.findOne()  
2016-06-11T03:26:21.355-0700 I COMMAND  \[conn4\] command test.lists command: find \{ find: "lists", filter: \{\}, limit: 1.0, singleBatch: true \} planSummary: COLLSCAN keysExamined:0 docsExamined:1   
cursorExhausted:1 keyUpdates:0 writeConflicts:0 numYields:0 nreturned:1 reslen:186 locks:\{ Global: \{ acquireCount: \{ r: 2 \} \}, Database: \{ acquireCount: \{ r: 1 \} \}, Collection: \{ acquireCount: \{ r:   
1 \} \} \} protocol:op\_command 102ms  
\{  
"\_id" : ObjectId("575be738f435fd6c606d67ac"),  
"todo" : \[  
"dishes",  
"laundry",  
"dry cleaning"  
\]  
\}  
> db.lists.find()  
\{ "\_id" : ObjectId("575be738f435fd6c606d67ac"), "todo" : \[ "dishes", "laundry", "dry cleaning" \] \}  
> db.lists.update(\{\}, \{"$pull" : \{"todo" : "laundry"\}\})  
WriteResult(\{ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 \})  
> db.lists.findOne()  
\{  
"\_id" : ObjectId("575be738f435fd6c606d67ac"),  
"todo" : \[  
"dishes",  
"dry cleaning"  
\]  
\}

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