SpringBoot集成支付宝沙箱手机网站支付详细流程和踩坑分享

太过爱你忘了你带给我的痛 2024-04-18 21:08 75阅读 0赞

### 描述 ###

本文主要讲解SpringBoot集成支付宝沙箱手机网站支付，即网页点击按钮发起支付，跳转到沙箱app付款

由于其他博客的流程大多笼统，有时候并不能找到正确的集成方式，本文尽可能详细的阐述付款，异步通知，验签，退款的全部流程以及踩坑的分享，希望可以帮助你们少走弯路

必要的准备工作如公私钥，沙箱申请详见  [支付宝沙箱简单集成][Link 1]

编译环境：IDEA

### 支付宝手机支付Demo ###

地址：[https://docs.open.alipay.com/203/105910/][https_docs.open.alipay.com_203_105910]

其中仅有一个信息配置类，其他的逻辑都集成在了，jsp页面中，个人感觉不是太友好

所以本文把逻辑集成到了service和controller中

### 流程 ###

### 1. 添加Maven依赖 ###

//支付宝SDK
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alipay.sdk</groupId>
        <artifactId>alipay-sdk-java</artifactId>
        <version>4.5.0.ALL</version>
    </dependency>
    //不用写get和set方法的辅助依赖，可以根据需要选择不添加，那就要手动添加get()和set()方法
    //若仅添加依赖还是报错，需要在File-settings-Plugins中搜索添加，也可百度详细安装方式
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    </dependency>

### 2. 添加配置文件 ###

为了实现模块化，看上去更专业(嘿嘿)，在根目录(与Application同级)建立config文件夹，该文件夹下建立AlipayConfig.java文件

import lombok.Data;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Data
    @Component
    public class AlipayConfig {
    	// 沙箱appid
    	public static String APPID = "2016101400683082";
    	// 私钥 pkcs8格式的
    	public static String RSA_PRIVATE_KEY = "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";
    	// 请求网关  固定
    	public static String URL = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do";
    	//异步通知地址
    	public static String notify_url = "http://xxx/alipay/notify";
    	//同步地址
    //	public static String return_url = "http://xxx/alipay/return";
    	// 编码
    	public static String CHARSET = "UTF-8";
    	// 返回格式
    	public static String FORMAT = "json";
    	// 支付宝公钥
    	public static String ALIPAY_PUBLIC_KEY = "MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAjrEVFMOSiNJXaRNKicQuQdsREraftDA9Tua3WNZwcpeXeh8Wrt+V9JilLqSa7N7sVqwpvv8zWChgXhX/A96hEg97Oxe6GKUmzaZRNh0cZZ88vpkn5tlgL4mH/dhSr3Ip00kvM4rHq9PwuT4k7z1DpZAf1eghK8Q5BgxL88d0X07m9X96Ijd0yMkXArzD7jg+noqfbztEKoH3kPMRJC2w4ByVdweWUT2PwrlATpZZtYLmtDvUKG/sOkNAIKEMg3Rut1oKWpjyYanzDgS7Cg3awr1KPTl9rHCazk15aNYowmYtVabKwbGVToCAGK+qQ1gT3ELhkGnf3+h53fukNqRH+wIDAQAB";
    	// 沙箱支付宝公钥
    	public static String ZHIFUBAO_PUBLIC_KEY = "MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEArS0SLdzGCafgBwLv3IXIrr7cXKk2pzC5fgQxVz1M9F05ReSXQOfWfjDstNrToiI3kwY3XRGI/ULzywbpKwTm/IzOULxSnexCCJRxQonmQcV1C3ixsQi9rqkL0XaV7YBQl0DfmZoHKbbpmfj/7Uv9hQ2viJ/3n844bhaIwYhR7+Smu8xk+hbT0DEpp75cJV9pt+ngCHj6x3vkGHPj7w70JGKY73wkT6wBD0A7vz/cHHkMH6EeIkus1R5umd2rGXE/8zaPFRpysNKiys4ujAW7tOwCkqiuaon3AxGdQrHom3Twp+cpm7gkzc5v/p4qHgVUyZVKjrj6VJTRIgEQOegDtQIDAQAB";
    	// RSA2
    	public static String SIGNTYPE = "RSA2";
    }

这里说明一下

1.同步地址是支付成功后跳转的地址，由于我的业务逻辑是前端传给后台要跳转的地址，所以在这并未设置，根据需要配置

2.为什么有支付宝公钥和沙箱支付宝公钥那，demo中自身写的是支付宝公钥，然而和我的沙箱中写的支付宝公钥并不一样。但是使用demo的公钥下单并没有问题，但是在验签和退款时都会出错，要使用沙箱中的支付宝公钥。并没有尝试下单时也使用沙箱支付宝公钥，诸位可以试一试。这两个字符串长得很像，我一开始以为是一个！！！

### 3. 创建service层 ###

同样根目录创建文件夹，后创建 AlipayService接口，分别写创建订单，异步通知和退款三个接口方法

public interface AlipayService {
        String create(String orderId, String returnUrl);
    
        //异步通知会返回一个request
        void notify(HttpServletRequest request);
    
        void refund(String orderId);
    }

后创建Impl实现类  AlipayServiceImpl.java

import com.alipay.api.AlipayApiException;
    import com.alipay.api.AlipayClient;
    import com.alipay.api.DefaultAlipayClient;
    import com.alipay.api.domain.AlipayTradeRefundModel;
    import com.alipay.api.domain.AlipayTradeWapPayModel;
    import com.alipay.api.internal.util.AlipaySignature;
    import com.alipay.api.request.AlipayTradeRefundRequest;
    import com.alipay.api.request.AlipayTradeWapPayRequest;
    import com.imooc.config.AlipayConfig;
    import com.imooc.service.AlipayService;
    import com.imooc.utils.JsonUtil;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Iterator;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    /**
     * @Author Sakura
     * @Date 9/9/2019
     **/
    @Service
    @Slf4j
    public class AlipayServiceImpl implements AlipayService {
    
        @Autowired
        private AlipayConfig alipayConfig;
    
        //订单名称
        private static final String ORDER_NAME = "自定义订单名称";
    
        //和支付宝签约的产品码 固定值
        private static final String PRODUCTCODE = "QUICK_WAP_WAY";
    
        //支付成功标识(可退款的签约是TRADE_SUCCESS，不可退款的签约是TRADE_FINISHED)
        private static final String TRADE_SUCCESS = "TRADE_SUCCESS";
    
        @Override
        public String create(String orderId, String returnUrl) {
    
            
            AlipayClient client = new DefaultAlipayClient(alipayConfig.URL, alipayConfig.APPID, alipayConfig.RSA_PRIVATE_KEY, alipayConfig.FORMAT, alipayConfig.CHARSET, alipayConfig.ALIPAY_PUBLIC_KEY,alipayConfig.SIGNTYPE);
            AlipayTradeWapPayRequest alipay_request=new AlipayTradeWapPayRequest();
            // 封装请求支付信息
            AlipayTradeWapPayModel model= new AlipayTradeWapPayModel();
            //订单编号，不可重复
            model.setOutTradeNo(orderId);
            //订单名称
            model.setSubject(ORDER_NAME);
            //订单金额
            model.setTotalAmount("0.01");
            //产品吗
            model.setProductCode(PRODUCTCODE);
            alipay_request.setBizModel(model);
            //支付成功后跳转的地址
            alipay_request.setReturnUrl(returnUrl);
            //异步通知地址
            alipay_request.setNotifyUrl(alipayConfig.notify_url);
            // form表单生产
            String result = "";
            try {
                // 调用SDK生成表单
                result = client.pageExecute(alipay_request).getBody();
            } catch (AlipayApiException e) {
                log.info("【支付宝支付】支付失败 error={}", e);
            }
            return result;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void notify(HttpServletRequest request) {
     
            Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
            Map<String, String[]> requestParams = request.getParameterMap();
            for (Iterator<String> iter = requestParams.keySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
                String name = iter.next();
                String[] values = requestParams.get(name);
                String valueStr = "";
                for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
                    valueStr = (i == values.length - 1) ? valueStr + values[i] : valueStr + values[i] + ",";
                }
                map.put(name, valueStr);
            }
            //验证签名
            boolean signVerified = false;
            try {
                signVerified = AlipaySignature.rsaCheckV1(map, alipayConfig.ZHIFUBAO_PUBLIC_KEY, alipayConfig.CHARSET, alipayConfig.SIGNTYPE);
            } catch (com.alipay.api.AlipayApiException e) {
                log.info("[支付验证] 异常={}", JsonUtil.toJson(e));
                return;
            }
            if (signVerified) {
                //处理自己的业务逻辑
            }
    
    //        log.info("[支付验证] 验证结果={}", signVerified);
            return;
    
        }
    
        @Override
        public void refund(String orderId) {
            AlipayClient client = new DefaultAlipayClient(alipayConfig.URL, alipayConfig.APPID, alipayConfig.RSA_PRIVATE_KEY, alipayConfig.FORMAT, alipayConfig.CHARSET, alipayConfig.ZHIFUBAO_PUBLIC_KEY,alipayConfig.SIGNTYPE);
            AlipayTradeRefundRequest alipay_request = new AlipayTradeRefundRequest();
    
            AlipayTradeRefundModel model=new AlipayTradeRefundModel();
            //退款的订单Id，也可以设置流水号
            model.setOutTradeNo(orderId);
            //退款金额
            model.setRefundAmount("0.01");
            alipay_request.setBizModel(model);
            String alipay_response = "";
            try {
                alipay_response = client.execute(alipay_request).getBody();
            } catch (AlipayApiException e) {
                log.info("【支付宝支付】退款失败 error={}", e);
            }
    //        log.info("[支付退款] response={}", alipay_response);
        }
    }

日志我使用的是Slf4j，也可以直接System.out.println()

以上代码下单，退款的部分是demo中的代码，拷贝改了一下，具体的支付等的注意事项在编写controller再详细阐述

这里重点说一下异步通知   官方文档：[https://docs.open.alipay.com/203/105286/][https_docs.open.alipay.com_203_105286]

异步通知的主要作用就是验证付款之后，修改数据库的支付信息等

支付成功后跳转return\_url的同时回将支付的信息异步发送到notify\_url，可以是一个网页，但最好是controller中的一个路径，便于业务处理

跳转url以 http://xxx/?...的方式返回，？之后是携带的信息，完整的是

https://api.xx.com/receive_notify.htm?total_amount=2.00&buyer_id=2088102116773037&body=大乐透2.1&trade_no=2016071921001003030200089909&refund_fee=0.00&notify_time=2016-07-19 14:10:49&subject=大乐透2.1&sign_type=RSA2&charset=utf-8&notify_type=trade_status_sync&out_trade_no=0719141034-6418&gmt_close=2016-07-19 14:10:46&gmt_payment=2016-07-19 14:10:47&trade_status=TRADE_SUCCESS&version=1.0&sign=kPbQIjX+xQc8F0/A6/AocELIjhhZnGbcBN6G4MM/HmfWL4ZiHM6fWl5NQhzXJusaklZ1LFuMo+lHQUELAYeugH8LYFvxnNajOvZhuxNFbN2LhF0l/KL8ANtj8oyPM4NN7Qft2kWJTDJUpQOzCzNnV9hDxh5AaT9FPqRS6ZKxnzM=&gmt_create=2016-07-19 14:10:44&app_id=2015102700040153&seller_id=2088102119685838&notify_id=4a91b7a78a503640467525113fb7d8bg8e

所以我们用一个Map把key-value存储起来，也可以使用

@RequestParam("total_amout") String total_amout

的方式仅接收自己所需要的参数，因为很多参数都是多余的，看个人，闲麻烦就用Map

比较重要的信息有

out_trade_no 订单号

trade_status支付状态

total_amount订单金额

一般验证付款的严格流程是

*  使用AlipaySignature.rsaCheckV1验证订单是否正确
 *  out\_trade\_no订单号是否是后台支付时的订单号
 *  判断total\_amount付款金额是否等于后台应付金额
 *  验证付款方是否是下单方

这里第四条看自己业务能不能支持他人代付

附我的map中的信息

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjA4OTE3NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

### 4.创建controller ###

根目录创建controller文件夹，内创建 AlipayController.java

import com.imooc.exception.SellException;
    import com.imooc.service.AlipayService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    /**
     * @Author Sakura
     * @Date 9/9/2019
     **/
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/alipay")
    public class AlipayController {
    
        @Autowired
        private AlipayService alipayService;
    
        @GetMapping("/create")
        @ResponseBody
        public String create(@RequestParam("orderId") String orderId,
                             @RequestParam("returnUrl") String returnUrl) {
    
            //发起支付
            String payUrl = alipayService.create(orderId,returnUrl);
            return payUrl;
        }
    
        /**
         * 支付宝异步通知
         */
        @PostMapping("/notify")
        public void notify(HttpServletRequest request) {
            alipayService.notify(request);
        }
    }

1. 创建订单时，一定要使用  @ResponseBody ，并return 通过service返回的结果，因为前端点击按钮发起支付时，会先跳转至付款页面，后打开沙箱app付款

2. 退款的业务逻辑， 一般是自己的service中先进行数据库的退款信息更改，然后

@Autowired
    private AlipayService alipayService;

调用refund方法传入订单编号

### 踩坑分享 ###

1. 前端点击按钮发起支付无法跳转页面支付

controller中创建订单一定要使用  @ResponseBody ，并return 通过service返回的结果，使返回结果是一个页面

2. 验签，退款异常

new DefaultAlipayClient() 时，其中传递的时沙箱中支付宝公钥而不是应用公钥(通过开发助手生成的)，也不是demo中自带的支付宝公钥

3. 支付宝网关地址是固定的，一定不要改

有不妥之处，欢迎交流~~

[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42089175/article/details/100553327
[https_docs.open.alipay.com_203_105910]: https://docs.open.alipay.com/203/105910/
[https_docs.open.alipay.com_203_105286]: https://docs.open.alipay.com/203/105286/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjA4OTE3NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/ba60e4e90e934cdea22a2cc6e9892eda.png