新手详细讲解：spring自动注入，将list、set、map集合当作一个bean元素看待，Junit测试

落日映苍穹つ 2024-04-18 21:32 26阅读 0赞

### 新手详细讲解：spring自动注入，将list、set、map集合当作一个bean元素看待，Junit测试 ###

自动注入和之前的注入基本类型数据过程很相似，只不过是把数据集合当作一个bean元素看待。  
**1.首先看一下谷咕咕这次例子用到的项目结构**  
用到SomeValue.java,TestCase2.java,BascValue.xml这三个文件，其他的文件和这次不想关  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ExNDI0MjYxMzAz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
**2.SomeValue.java**  
这里用了多种不同类型的数据演示。同时添加get，set，toSting方法

package Value;
    
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Properties;
    import java.util.Set;
    
    public class BasicValue { 
    	private String name;
    	private int age;
    	private List<String> city;
    	private Set<String> hobby;
    	private Map<String,Double> map;
    	private Properties properties;
    	public BasicValue() { 
    		System.out.println("BasicValue()");
    	}
    	public void setProperties(Properties properties) { 
    		this.properties=properties;
    	}
    	public void setMap(Map<String,Double> map) { 
    		this.map=map;
    	}
    	public void setCity(List<String> city) { 
    		this.city=city;
    	}
    	public void setHobby(Set<String> hobby) { 
    		this.hobby=hobby;
    	}
    	public String getName() { 
    		return name;
    	}
    	public void setName(String name) { 
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    	public int getAge() { 
    		return age;
    	}
    	public void setAge(int age) { 
    		this.age = age;
    	}
    	@Override
    	public String toString() { 
    		return "BasicValue [name=" + name + ", age=" + age +",city"+city+ ",hobby"+hobby+",map"+map+",properties"+properties+"]";
    	}
    	
    
    }

**3.BascValue.xml**  
然后我在BascValue.xml申明bean  
id=“bas2” 一会再TestCase2.java中要对应他的id  
class=“Value.BasicValue”对应BasicValue.java的包名+类名，因为我们是对BasicValue注入  
property标签中的属性ref中的值对应不同util的id值，达到一一注入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">
        		<util:set id="hobby2">
        			<value>小吃</value>
        			<value>看书</value>
        			<value>羽毛球</value>
        			<value>逛街</value>
        		</util:set>
        		<util:map id="mapBasic">
        			<entry key="金牌" value="105"></entry>
        			<entry key="银牌" value="105"></entry>
        			<entry key="铜牌" value="105"></entry>
        		</util:map>
        		<util:properties id="properBasic">
        			<prop key="admin">root</prop>
        			<prop key="password">123</prop>
        		</util:properties>
        		<bean id="bas2" class="Value.BasicValue">
        			<property name="hobby" ref="hobby2"></property>
        			<property name="map" ref="mapBasic"></property>
        			<property name="properties" ref="properBasic"></property>
        		</bean>
    </bean>

**4.TestCase2.java**  
然后我们写一个测试类来测试。  
看到这么多代码别怕，应为有用的就Test5（）  
因为谷咕咕也在学习，所以懒了就没有删除其他的测试类，抱歉啦！  
要是想看清把其他的Test()删掉也可以。

package test;
    
    import org.junit.Before;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
    
    import IOC2.A;
    import IOC2.Rest;
    import SpringScope.HelloBean;
    import SpringScope.PsersonBean;
    import Value.BasicValue;
    import Value.Page;
    import Value.SomeValue;
    import Value.SomeValue2;
    import Web.UserServlet;
    
    public class TestCase2 { 
    	private ApplicationContext ac;
    	private final static String XML="BasicValue.xml";
    	@Before
    	public void init() { 
    // ApplicationContext 
    		ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(XML);
    	}
    	/** * 测试自动装配 */
    // @Test
    	public void test1() { 
    		Rest r=ac.getBean("rest",Rest.class);
    		System.out.println(r);
    		
    	}
    // @Test
    	public void test2() { 
    		BasicValue basic=ac.getBean("basic",BasicValue.class);
    		System.out.println(basic);
    		
    	}
    // @Test
    	public void test3() { 
    		SomeValue some=ac.getBean("some", SomeValue.class);
    		System.out.println(some);
    	}
    // @Test 测试引用凡是的注入
    	public void test4() { 
    		BasicValue basic2=ac.getBean("bas",BasicValue.class);
    		System.out.println(basic2);
    		
    	}
    	@Test
    	public void test5() { 
    		BasicValue basic3=ac.getBean("bas2",BasicValue.class);
    		System.out.println(basic3);
    		
    	}
    // @Test
    	public void test6() { 
    		SomeValue2 some2=ac.getBean("some2",SomeValue2.class);
    		System.out.println(some2);
    		
    	}
    	/** * 老师的作业读取config。properties中的page=3 */
    	@Test
    	public void test7() { 
    		Page page=ac.getBean("page2",Page.class);
    		System.out.println(page);
    	}
    	
    	
    	
    	
    }

通过截图我们看到数据已经注入，有些是null 的是因为谷咕咕没有注入值  
只要看谷咕咕画圈的就可以了，其他的是谷咕咕写的其他的bean在spring启动时创建是写的无参构造器中输出的，便于自己学习。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ExNDI0MjYxMzAz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ExNDI0MjYxMzAz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/162aa13178c44c88a27b4bfbcd0bb4c4.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ExNDI0MjYxMzAz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/18/5bf17b58d066486eabb1dd235611f8ca.png