kubectl管理Pod-3: 控制器(deploy,daemonset,statefulset,job,Ingress)

末蓝、 2024-04-18 23:36 28阅读 0赞

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>名称</th> 
   <th align="left">特点</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Deployment</td> 
   <td align="left">无状态服务，pod运行节点随时漂移,一节点多副本</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>DaemonSet</td> 
   <td align="left">随节点启动而创建&amp;&amp;销毁而删除，一节点一副本</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>StatefulSet</td> 
   <td align="left">每个pod都有一个持久的网络id标识符，持久化的存储，有序创建销毁</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Job</td> 
   <td align="left">一次性运行的任务，有完成状态</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>CronJob</td> 
   <td align="left">定时任务</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

# 1, Deployment #

[root@master yamls]# kubectl create deploy nginx-deploy --image=nginx --dry-run -o yaml >deploy.yaml
    ##去掉时间戳等不必要的选项
    [root@master kind]# cat deploy.yaml 
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx-deploy
      name: nginx-deploy
    spec:
      replicas: 4
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app: nginx-deploy
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app: nginx-deploy
        spec:
          containers:
          - image: nginx
            name: nginx-deploy
            
    ##查看创建的pod
    [root@master kind]# kubectl get pod -o wide
    nginx-deploy-9cdd9dbdc-2z9sd    1/1     Running            0          40s    10.244.2.92   node1   <none>           <none>
    nginx-deploy-9cdd9dbdc-6vhnb    1/1     Running            0          17s    10.244.2.93   node1   <none>           <none>
    nginx-deploy-9cdd9dbdc-9nf4k    1/1     Running            0          17s    10.244.1.91   node2   <none>           <none>
    nginx-deploy-9cdd9dbdc-s7nnl    1/1     Running            0          39s    10.244.1.90   node2   <none>           <none>

# 2, DaemonSet #

修改上面的Deployment配置的yaml文件

*  kind修改为DaemonSet
 *  去掉replicas选项
 *  修改name和标签

apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: DaemonSet
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx-deamon
      name: nginx-deamon
    spec:
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app: nginx-deamon
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app: nginx-deamon
        spec:
          containers:
          - image: nginx
            name: nginx-deamon
    
    ##查看运行的pod
    [root@master kind]# kubectl get pod -o wide
    nginx-deamon-6nsxt              1/1     Running            0          2m9s   10.244.1.89   node2   <none>           <none>
    nginx-deamon-7svhx              1/1     Running            0          2m9s   10.244.2.91   node1   <none>           <none>

# 3, StatefulSet #

修改上面的Deployment配置的yaml文件

*  kind修改为StatefulSet
 *  spec下面添加一个字段： serviceName
 *  修改name和标签

[root@master kind]# cat stateful.yaml 
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: StatefulSet
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx-stateful
      name: nginx-stateful
    spec:
      serviceName: nginx-stateful
      replicas: 4
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app: nginx-stateful
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app: nginx-stateful
        spec:
          containers:
          - image: nginx
            name: nginx-stateful
            
    ##查看运行的pod
    [root@master kind]# kubectl get pod -o wide
    nginx-stateful-0                1/1     Running            0          94s     10.244.2.94   node1   <none>           <none>
    nginx-stateful-1                1/1     Running            0          89s     10.244.1.92   node2   <none>           <none>
    nginx-stateful-2                1/1     Running            0          85s     10.244.2.95   node1   <none>           <none>
    nginx-stateful-3                0/1     ContainerCreating            0          80s     10.244.1.93   node2   <none>           <none>

# 4,Job #

修改上面的Deployment配置的yaml文件

*  kind修改为Job
 *  去掉metadata下面的: labels

[root@master kind]# cat job.yaml 
    apiVersion: batch/v1
    kind: Job
    metadata:
      name: pi
    spec:
      template:
        spec:
          containers:
          - name: pi
            image: perl
            command: ["perl",  "-Mbignum=bpi", "-wle", "print bpi(2000)"]
          restartPolicy: Never
      backoffLimit: 4
    
    ##查看运行的pod
    [root@master kind]# kubectl get pod -o wide
    pi-bbdbq                        0/1     ContainerCreating   0          51s     <none>        node1   <none>           <none>
    [root@master ~]# kubectl logs pi-bbdbq
    3.141592653589793238462643383279502884197169399375105.......

# 5, CronJob #

[root@master kind]# cat cron.yaml 
    apiVersion: batch/v1beta1
    kind: CronJob
    metadata:
      name: hello
    spec:
      schedule: "*/1 * * * *"
      jobTemplate:
        spec:
          template:
            spec:
              containers:
              - name: hello
                image: busybox
                args:
                - /bin/sh
                - -c
                - date; echo Hello from the Kubernetes cluster
              restartPolicy: OnFailure
      
    ###查看定时任务日志
    [root@master kind]# kubectl get job,cronjob
    NAME                                 COMPLETIONS   DURATION   AGE
    job.batch/hello-cronjob-1568449440   1/1           5s         2m20s
    job.batch/hello-cronjob-1568449500   1/1           4s         80s
    job.batch/hello-cronjob-1568449560   1/1           5s         20s
    job.batch/pi                         1/1           24m        5h47m
    
    NAME                          SCHEDULE      SUSPEND   ACTIVE   LAST SCHEDULE   AGE
    cronjob.batch/hello-cronjob   */1 * * * *   False     0        28s             12m
    
    [root@master kind]# kubectl get pods --selector=job-name=hello-cronjob-1568449560
    NAME                             READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
    hello-cronjob-1568449560-sh76p   0/1     Completed   0          45s
    
    [root@master kind]# kubectl logs hello-cronjob-1568449560-sh76p
    Sat Sep 14 08:26:12 UTC 2019
    Hello from the Kubernetes cluster

# 6, Ingress控制器 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V5ZW9mZWFnbGU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

*  创建ingress控制器 (相当于启动一个nginx反向代理服务)
 *  配置ingress反响代理规则：nginx域名端口转发

########## 1,配置和创建 ingress控制器：nginx反向代理服务#################
    #配置configmap,account,role,namespace, controller-->创建一个pod,监听80,443端口
    #为了实现效率,配置docker容器使用hostnetwork--> deployment.spec.template.spec标签里面，添加一项：（hostNetwork: true）
    wget  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/master/deploy/static/mandatory.yaml
    #修改镜像为国内镜像：　lizhenliang/nginx-ingress-controller:0.20.0
    kubectl apply -f mandatory.yaml
    
    #查看结果: node2上运行了ingress的pod----->此处可以改Deployment为Daemonset即可每个节点都启动ingress的pod
    [root@master basic]# kubectl get deploy,pod -o wide -n ingress-nginx
    NAME                                             READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE   CONTAINERS                 IMAGES                                                                  SELECTOR
    deployment.extensions/nginx-ingress-controller   1/1     1            1           64m   nginx-ingress-controller   quay.io/kubernetes-ingress-controller/nginx-ingress-controller:0.25.1   app.kubernetes.io/name=ingress-nginx,app.kubernetes.io/part-of=ingress-nginx
    NAME                                           READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP               NODE    NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
    pod/nginx-ingress-controller-b75989d44-ggz4c   1/1     Running   0          61m   192.168.56.192   node2   <none>           <none>
    
    ## 验证ingress控制器是否正常启用
    [root@node2 ~]# netstat -anop |grep :80
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1604/nginx: worker   off (0.00/0/0)
    tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      1604/nginx: worker   off (0.00/0/0)
    [root@node2 ~]# netstat -anop |grep :443
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:443             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1604/nginx: worker   off (0.00/0/0)
    tcp        0      0 10.0.2.15:36966         10.1.0.1:443            ESTABLISHED 15069/flanneld       keepalive (22.05/0/0)
    tcp        0     46 10.0.2.15:43486         10.1.0.1:443            ESTABLISHED 29775/nginx-ingress  on (0.18/0/0)
    tcp6       0      0 :::443                  :::*                    LISTEN      1604/nginx: worker   off (0.00/0/0)
    
    ##########2, 配置ingress规则： 反向代理规则#################
    #查看需要暴露给外界的的service（nginx:80服务)
    [root@master basic]# kubectl get svc
    NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
    kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.1.0.1       <none>        443/TCP   11d
    nginx        ClusterIP   10.1.106.210   <none>        80/TCP    91m
    
    ## 配置ingress规则，映射该服务
    [root@master basic]# cat ingress.yaml 
    apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
    kind: Ingress
    metadata:
      name: example-ingress
    spec:
      rules:
      - host: example.foo.com
        http:
          paths:
          - backend:
              serviceName: nginx
              servicePort: 80
              
    [root@master basic]# kubectl apply -f ingress.yaml 
    ingress.extensions/example-ingress created
    [root@master basic]# kubectl get ingress
    NAME              HOSTS             ADDRESS   PORTS     AGE
    example-ingress   example.foo.com             80        11s
    
    #测试结果
    #先验证nginx服务是否正常访问： 在node1上查看nginx首页
    [root@node1 ~]# curl example.foo.com
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
    ...
    #配置host解析（web-->ingress的pod --> 域名解析转发到ClusterIp的nginx服务）
    #配置域名解析： (ingress的pod所在的节点  请求的域名)
    [root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
    192.168.56.190 master
    192.168.56.191 node1  
    192.168.56.192 node2  example.foo.com
    
    #验证结果
    [root@node1 ~]# curl example.foo.com
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
    ...

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