Centos7从命令行模式切换到图形化界面模式

心已赠人 2024-04-22 12:21 32阅读 0赞

### 一、问题 ###

在[安装CentOS][CentOS] 7时，如果在【**SOFTWARE SELECTION**】中选择了***字符界面安装--【Minimal install 】或者【Basic Web Server】：***

![38db0ab6ac854709808e6e22593f0c10.png][]

而非 ***图形UI界面安装**\--【**Server with GUI**】 **或者【GNOME Desktop*** ***】：***

![2722dd2f9e084951ac8a4db847b3b810.png][]

则最终安装完成后的打开的是 **命令行模式：**

![edde4bae6c7346469811ca2f21028005.png][]

而不是 **图形界面模式：**

![bdf29cd3c0cf4ed0b9d68390d304bca1.png][]

![bd45f903544a40189c3dc596c797159a.png][]

### **二、解决办法：** ###

#### 1.打开CentOS 7 进入到命令行界面，**登录root用户：** ####

![ad669bff66fd43c3a7196a6740629bf4.png][]

![e98b92560ece432c95c764071bdd795a.png][]

2.**查看centOS 7系统支持的启动模式：**

> \#查看配置文件
> 
> cat /etc/inittab

![5fb95223ed7448b2ac406e9915021a99.png][]

> \#命令行启动模式  
> multi-user.target  
>   
> \#图形化页面启动模式  
> graphical.target

#### 3.设置CentOS 7 默认**图形化界面启动：** ####

> \#设置为图形化界面模式
> 
> systemctl set-default graphical.target
> 
> \#设置为命令行界面模式
> 
> systemctl set-default multi-user.target

![c14fa120f54d4da7a6be2c1b3fc75352.png][]

4.**配置网卡信息**，**使虚拟机能够连通外网：**

> \#进入系统网卡配置文件
> 
> cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
> 
> \#查看目录下的文件,找到 **ifcfg-ens33** 文件
> 
> ls
> 
> \#对 **ifcfg-ens33** 文件 进行编辑
> 
> vi ifcfg-ens33

![2b9bf836402b43899eed08a4d6cf3939.png][]

> \#修改启动设备参数为yes
> 
> ONBOOT=yes
> 
> \#增加DNS的配置信息
> 
> DNS1=8.8.8.8
> 
> DNS2=4.2.2.2
> 
> \#编辑后保存退出
> 
> :wq

![ffceaf8613d642a18ac1838837623d8f.png][]

![f1c187c8e7fc42138bf6af71c011e780.png][]

> \#重新加载网络配置文件(使其生效)
> 
> service network restart
> 
> \#检验一下是否可以连接外网
> 
> ping www.baidu.com
> 
> 或者
> 
> ping -c 3 www.baidu.com

![36e4fe6b285b40c093b12845fdbc91a7.png][]

*如果没法连接到外网也试着继续以下的操作*

**5.检查yum命令**

> \#检查yum命令是否支持
> 
> yum -h

![66367ec2bafa4a68ad8f61eac4edff29.png][]

#### **6.用 yum命令 获取并且安装图形化界面的程序包** ####

>     #用  yum命令  获取并且安装图形化界面的程序包
>     yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop" "Graphical Administration Tools"

输入命令后等待安装......

![e20629caa4b94e538c27f5bf47931711.png][]

在出现?下图的**“Is this ok 【y/N】: ”, 输入y** , 然后回车

![73722e2c72ef4c2bbf1b9edf9c46cef8.png][] 回车后，等待下载......(大概等个5min左右)

![44b0e5970f714f8a869a325be58c1b2b.png][]

出现**Complete**的时候，就下载好程序包啦：

![7b6213ad3d2f4f54ade907c1f96c5af8.png][]

####  7.重启CentOS ####

> \#重启CentOS
> 
> reboot

![7759dfcea03540e7a9ebbe3632518824.png][]

**大功告成！**

![bdf29cd3c0cf4ed0b9d68390d304bca1.png][]

### 附加tips ###

#### 1.更改语言 ####

按个人习惯去选择语言

![910ec3b4bd10427985c80eff98e81282.png][]

![29a992c464d243a3ba7458a4c9e149e0.png][]

![3425b857d9d44db18066cd18f9436eb1.png][]

如果后续想要**更改语言**，请按以下步骤执行

![6e9554a9dfa74ea6aab9c860c5312f62.png][]

![7992d737d90e4152ab51308a4aa760e6.png][]

![98a9e5fa08ca4457850b973e26bb694a.png][]

**重新登陆** , **更新名称:**

![510c056cd7494139846a17cdec7e7cec.png][]

完成！

![c28b82f09e114263b1144ff3914e1554.png][]

#### 2.自动登录（即打开虚拟机后无需输入用户密码，直接跳转到桌面） ####

你可能会发现打开CentOS过一段时间就会自己锁屏，又要输入密码登录才能使用桌面

os:其实这个是保护你的虚拟机隐私的设定， 如果你嫌麻烦的话，就继续执行以下的操作

![be66ce6c6250470682d78b43087ec48b.png][]

![3afdf3c4504e403ab23a2e1d4cf56339.png][] **点击“解锁”，输入管理员root的密码：**![663dc4755ee24e6f9c5e7474898621af.png][]

![faa569d1323340e89e2ce34d712bea7d.png][]

认证成功后，**开启“自动登录”** ：

![b26b0c9f81d64d83aae0c6865da3fd40.png][]

重启虚拟机即可发现，**无需输入密码，就能直达桌面**开启Linux学习![802e6ef49c2448f4b22d709183612885.png][]

[CentOS]: https://so.csdn.net/so/search?q=%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85CentOS&spm=1001.2101.3001.7020
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