多线程同步：Java中的互斥锁与条件变量实例-蒲公英云

多线程同步：Java中的互斥锁与条件变量实例

原创小灰灰 2024-09-17 12:36 168阅读 0赞

在Java中，多线程同步主要通过两种机制实现：互斥锁和条件变量。

互斥锁（Mutex）

互斥锁是一种独占资源的工具。当一个线程获得一个互斥锁后，其他线程必须等待该锁被释放才能获取。

实例：

public class MutexExample {
    private final Object lock = new Object();
    public void thread1() {
        synchronized (lock) {
            System.out.println("Thread 1: Acquiring lock...");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(2000); // Simulate some work
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("Thread 1: Lock released, waiting...");
        }
    }
    public void thread2() {
        synchronized (lock) {
            System.out.println("Thread 2: Acquiring lock...");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(500); // Simulate shorter work
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("Thread 2: Lock released, thread continues...");
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MutexExample example = new MutexExample();
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(example::thread1));
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(example::thread2));
        thread1.start(); // Start the first thread
        thread2.start(); // Start the second thread
        try {
            thread1.join(); // Wait for thread 1 to finish
            thread2.join(); // Wait for thread 2 to finish
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("Both threads finished.");
    }
}