网络编程与连接池：用Java实现HTTP请求

原创比眉伴天荒 2024-11-30 02:39 10阅读 0赞

在网络编程中，我们通常使用Java的HttpURLConnection或者更现代的如OkHttp、HttpClient等进行HTTP请求。这里我将提供一个使用HttpURLConnection的例子，演示如何发送GET和POST请求。

首先，引入必要的库：

```java
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
```

然后实现HTTP请求：

1. GET请求示例：

```java
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 创建URL
        String url = "http://example.com/api/data";

// 使用HttpURLConnection发送GET请求
        HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(url).openConnection();
        connection.setRequestMethod("GET");

// 读取响应数据
        int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream())));

String inputLine;
        StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();

while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
            response.append(inputLine);
        }

in.close();

// 打印响应数据
        System.out.println("Response Code: " + responseCode);
        System.out.println("Response Data: " + response.toString());
    }
}
```

2. POST请求示例：

```java
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 创建URL
        String url = "http://example.com/api/data";

// 使用HttpURLConnection发送POST请求
        HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(url).openConnection();
        connection.setRequestMethod("POST");

// 设置POST请求的数据（可以是JSON格式）
        String postData = "{\"key\":\"value\"}"; // 这里假设你的数据是一个JSON字符串

byte[] postBodyBytes = postData.getBytes();

// 将POST数据添加到HTTP请求中
        connection.setDoOutput(true);
        OutputStream outputStream = connection.getOutputStream();
        outputStream.write(postBodyBytes);

// 读取响应数据
        responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
        in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()))));

String inputLine;
        StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();

while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
            response.append(inputLine);
        }

in.close();

// 打印响应数据
        System.out.println("Response Code: " + responseCode);
        System.out.println("Response Data: " + response.toString());
    }
}
```

这个例子展示了如何使用Java的HttpURLConnection来发送HTTP GET和POST请求。