SpringMVC+Hibernate框架整合，构建一个简单项目

r囧r小猫 2021-10-14 06:48 354阅读 0赞

**SpringMVC**：简单易用，上手快，项目配置部分很少，注重代码开发层面

**Hibernate：**ORM(对象关系映射，英语：Object Relation Mapping，简称ORM，或O/RM，或O/R mapping）框架，轻量级的数据库封装

**下面直接上项目：**

### **1、创建Dynamic Web Project项目，命名：SpringMVC\_Hibernate** ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE5MjYwMDMz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

如图，缺少web.xml文件，如下图示，加入：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE5MjYwMDMz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

### 2、导入SpringMVC相关jar包 ###

下载地址：[SpringMVC下载][SpringMVC]

![20190820172436561.png][]

### 3、web.xml文件中配置SpringMVC框架 ###

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
    	version="3.1">
    	<display-name>SpringMVC_Hibernate</display-name>
    
    	<servlet>
    		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    		<init-param>
    			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    			<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
    		</init-param>
    	</servlet>
    	<servlet-mapping>
    		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    	</servlet-mapping>
    </web-app>

###  4、springMVC.xml文件配置 ###

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
     
    	
    	<context:component-scan base-package="com.fzx.Controller" use-default-filters="false">
    		<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    	</context:component-scan>
    	
    	
    	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
    		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
    	<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    </beans>

### 5、简单验证下 ###

**5.1 写一个controller类**

package com.fzx.Controller;
    
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    
    @RestController
    public class HelloController {
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/hello")
    	public ModelAndView hello() {
    		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
    		mv.setViewName("index");
    		return mv;
    	}
    }

**5.2 写一个jsp页面**

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    	hello!!!
    </body>
    </html>

**5.3测试下，测试成功**

![20190821090751924.png][]

### 6、配置hibernate ###

**6.1 加入hibernate的jar包 + mysql的jar包，我使用的是：hibernate-release-4.2.21.Final**

下载地址：[hibernate\_4.2.21的jar包][hibernate_4.2.21_jar]        [MySQL的jar包][MySQL_jar]

**6.2 创建表**

CREATE TABLE `people` (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,
      `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

**6.3 创建hibernate.cfg.xml文件，该文件名称是系统默认获取的hibernate配置文件**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-configuration>
    	<session-factory>
    		<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
    		<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC</property>
    		<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
    		<property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>
    		
    		<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
    		
    		<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
    		
    		<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
    
    		
    
    		
    		<mapping resource="com/fzx/domain/People.hbm.xml" />
    
    		
    		
    	</session-factory>
    </hibernate-configuration>

**6.4 创建以实体类，后面会与数据库的表字段映射，实现hibernate对数据库表的封装**

package com.fzx.Domain;
    
    public class People {
    	private int id;
    	private String name;
    	private int age;
    
    	public int getId() {
    		return id;
    	}
    
    	public void setId(int id) {
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    
    	public int getAge() {
    		return age;
    	}
    
    	public void setAge(int age) {
    		this.age = age;
    	}
    
    }

**6.5 创建People.hbm.xml文件，写入表与People实体类的映射关系**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-mapping package="com.fzx.Domain">
    	<class name="People" table="people" catalog="test">
    		
    		<id name="id" column="id">
    			
    			<generator class="identity"></generator>
    		</id>
    
    		
    		<property name="name" column="name"></property>
    		<property name="age" column="age"></property>
    	</class>
    </hibernate-mapping>

**6.6 写入测试，查看数据库，测试成功**

package com.fzx.test;
    
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.hibernate.Transaction;
    import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
    import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
    import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
    
    import com.fzx.Domain.People;
    
    public class JunitTest {
    	@Test
    	public void save() {
    		// 自动加载hibernate.cfg.xml内容，返回Configuration对象
    		Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
    		// 创建服务注册对象
    		ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties())
    				.buildServiceRegistry();
    		// 创建会话工厂对象
    		SessionFactory sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
    		// 创建会话对象
    		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
    		// 开启事务
    		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
    
    		// 准备数据
    		People people = new People();
    		people.setName("哇咔咔");
    		people.setAge(10);
    		// 插入数据
    		session.save(people);
    
    		// 准备数据
    		people = new People();
    		people.setName("哇咔咔");
    		people.setAge(20);
    		// 插入数据
    		session.save(people);
    
    		// 提交事务
    		transaction.commit();
    
    		// 关闭会话
    		session.close();
    		sessionFactory.close();
    
    	}
    
    }

最喜欢看到这个东西了哦，其他的：查询、更新、删除，可以自己摸索下，看看咋写咯~

![20190821100612908.png][]

**提示：需要加入junit包**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE5MjYwMDMz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE5MjYwMDMz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

### 7、重要的东西来啦，结合SpringMVC+Hibernate框架 ###

**7.1 先写一个会话工厂对象获取的公共类**

package com.fzx.Util;
    
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
    import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
    import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
    
    public class SessionUtil {
    	private static Configuration configuration;
    	private static ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry;
    
    	static {
    		// 自动加载hibernate.cfg.xml内容，返回Configuration对象
    		configuration = new Configuration().configure();
    		// 创建服务注册对象
    		serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties())
    				.buildServiceRegistry();
    	}
    
    	public static Session getSession() {
    		return configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry).openSession();
    	}
    
    	public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
    		return configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
    	}
    }

**7.2 在HelloController类里面再写入一个方法，获取数据库中所有数据值**

@RequestMapping(value = "/listAll")
    	public ModelAndView listAll() {
    		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
    		Session session = SessionUtil.getSession();
    
    		// createQuery里面写入HSQL，其中People是表名，里面的字段都得写People里面对应的属性
    		Query query = session.createQuery("from People");
    		mv.addObject("list", query.list());
    		mv.setViewName("listAll");
    
    		return mv;
    	}

**7.3 再写一个listAll.jsp页面**

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    	<title>Insert title here</title>
    
    	<style type="text/css">
    		table, td, th {
    			border: 1px solid
    		}
    	</style>
    </head>
    <body>
    	<table>
    		<thead>
    			<tr>
    				<th>编号</th>
    				<th>姓名</th>
    				<th>年龄</th>
    			</tr>
    		</thead>
    		<tbody>
    			<c:forEach items="${list }" var="item">
    				<tr>
    					<td>${item.id }</td>
    					<td>${item.name }</td>
    					<td>${item.age }</td>
    				</tr>
    			</c:forEach>
    		</tbody>
    	</table>
    </body>
    </html>

**7.4 用Tomcat启动项目，浏览器地址栏输入：[http://localhost:8080/SpringMVC\_Hibernate/listAll][http_localhost_8080_SpringMVC_Hibernate_listAll]**

![20190821104502949.png][]

OK，大功告成，over......

**最后附送完整项目一只**

下载地址：[SpringMVC\_Hibernate项目下载][SpringMVC_Hibernate]

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE5MjYwMDMz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20211013/552e3367e54b462abbb3dfd5caaa82a3.png
[SpringMVC]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/17NgBTUBxb0REsvjdv1q4rg
[20190820172436561.png]: /images/20211013/17af2871d9ac448092c9626971729d57.png
[20190821090751924.png]: /images/20211013/537eb2c42c154f7698f50c5da27720e5.png
[hibernate_4.2.21_jar]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Nxg_dzYjrRuoBDtC0eVoGA
[MySQL_jar]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/12GeJiGeH1ngE3tJAFZtC5A
[20190821100612908.png]: /images/20211013/137333c347fb4d25baf79f54290ef501.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE5MjYwMDMz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20211013/aaa62870260f4eedb0285672fef184bc.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE5MjYwMDMz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20211013/6c8f297fb9e74168914d875abab3b124.png
[http_localhost_8080_SpringMVC_Hibernate_listAll]: http://localhost:8080/SpringMVC_Hibernate/listAll
[20190821104502949.png]: /images/20211013/8ffb5c0bbab64f9abe71d6c666f4f51e.png
[SpringMVC_Hibernate]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1GWINKI6dYGNGMaDbtdOyDQ