myBatis系列之六：与SpringMVC集成

Bertha 。 2022-04-11 06:42 350阅读 0赞 
  1.     前面几篇文章已经讲到了mybatis与spring 的集成。但这个时候，所有的工程还不是web工程，虽然我一直是创建的web 工程。今天将直接用mybatis与Spring mvc 的方式集成起来，源码在本文结尾处下载.主要有以下几个方面的配置：
  3.     1.web.xml 配置spring dispatch servlet ,比如为：hbatis
  5.     2.hbatis-servlet.xml文件配置
  7.     3.spring applicationContext.XML文件配置(与数据库相关，与mybatis sqlSessionFaction 整合，扫描所有mybatis mapper 文件等.)
  9.     4.编写controller类
  11.     5.编写页面代码
  13.     先有个大概映像，整个工程图如下：

c4ad8cd1-5c91-3c7e-8ae8-d2d5a4d10935.png
一.web.xml配置spring dispatchservlet，比如为:hbatis

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
  3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee    
  5.    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
  7.     <display-name>MyBatisStudy03</display-name>
  9.     <context-param>
  10.         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  11.         <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  12.     </context-param>
  14.     <listener>
  15.         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  16.         <!-- 监听容器事件，初始化和关闭Web应用上下文并调用ContextCleanupListener清理资源 -->
  17.     </listener>
  18.     <listener>
  19.         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextCleanupListener</listener-class>
  20.         <!-- Web应用关闭时，清理ServletContext中spring相关的可销毁资源 -->
  21.     </listener>
  23.     <filter>
  24.         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
  25.         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  26.         <init-param>
  27.             <param-name>encoding</param-name>
  28.             <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  29.         </init-param>
  30.         <init-param>
  31.             <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
  32.             <param-value>true</param-value>
  33.         </init-param>
  34.     </filter>
  35.     <filter-mapping>
  36.         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
  37.         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  38.     </filter-mapping>
  40.     <servlet>
  41.       <servlet-name>hbatis</servlet-name>
  42.       <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  43.       <!--<init-param>
  44.         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  45.         <param-value>/WEB-INF/hbatis-servlet.xml</param-value>
  46.       </init-param>-->
  47.       <!-- 未配置时，SpringMVC会到WEB-INF目录下找${servlet-name}-servlet.xml -->
  48.       <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  49.     </servlet>
  50.     <servlet-mapping>
  51.       <servlet-name>hbatis</servlet-name>
  52.     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  53.     </servlet-mapping>
  54. </web-app>

二.在web.xml同目录下配置hbatis-servlet.xml 文件

  1.     这个文件名前面部分必须与你在web.xml里面配置的DispatcherServlet的servlet名字对应，其内容为：
  3. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  4. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  5.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  6.     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
  7.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
  8.  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
  9.  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
  11.     <!-- 注册RequestMappingHandlerMapping, RequestMappingHandlerAdapter和ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver以提供对@RequestMapping,@ExceptionHandler等注解的支持 -->
  12.     <mvc:annotation-driven />
  14.     <!-- 扫描控制器包下有特定注解的类，并实例化和依赖注入 -->
  15.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.bijian.study.controller" />
  17.     <bean
  18.         class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
  19.         <property name="prefix">
  20.             <value>/WEB-INF/pages/</value>
  21.         </property>
  22.         <property name="suffix">
  23.             <value>.jsp</value>
  24.         </property>
  25.     </bean>
  27.     <!-- FreeMarker视图处理器 -->
  28.     <bean id="viewResolverFtl"
  29.         class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
  30.         <property name="viewClass"
  31.             value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView" />
  32.         <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=utf-8" />
  33.         <property name="prefix" value="" />
  34.         <property name="cache" value="false" />
  35.         <property name="viewNames">
  36.             <array>
  37.                 <value>*.ftl</value>
  38.             </array>
  39.         </property>
  40.         <!--<property name="suffix" value=".ftl"/> -->
  41.         <!-- 优先级，数值越小优先级越高 -->
  42.         <property name="order" value="0" />
  43.     </bean>
  45.     <bean id="freemarkerConfig"
  46.         class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
  47.         <property name="templateLoaderPaths">
  48.             <list>
  49.                 <!-- 模板加载路径 -->
  50.                 <value>/WEB-INF/ftl/</value>
  51.             </list>
  52.         </property>
  53.     </bean>
  54. </beans>

三.配置文件applicationContext.xml

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  3.     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  5.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
  6.  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
  8.     <!-- 数据库配置文件 -->
  9.     <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/database.properties" />
  11.     <!-- 数据源配置 -->
  12.     <!--本示例采用DBCP连接池，应预先把DBCP的jar包复制到工程的lib目录下。 -->
  13.     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
  14.         p:driverClassName="${driverClassName}" p:url="${url}" p:username="${user_name}"
  15.         p:password="${password}" />
  17.     <!-- sqlSessionFactory对象 -->
  18.     <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
  19.         <!--dataSource属性指定要用到的连接池 -->
  20.         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
  21.         <!--configLocation属性指定mybatis的核心配置文件 -->
  22.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:Configuration.xml" />
  23.         <!-- 可以在Configuration.xml或此处配置映射文件，但其中不能有相同id的parameterMap, resultMap或sql等 -->
  24.         <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:com/bijian/study/model/*.xml" />
  25.     </bean>
  27.     <!-- 扫描指定包以获取映射器 -->
  28.     <bean id="mapperConfigurer" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
  29.         <property name="basePackage" value="com.bijian.study.dao" />
  30.     </bean>
  31. </beans>
  33.     类路径下的database.properties
  35. driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  36. url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.235.1:3306/hbatis?characterEncoding=utf8
  37. user_name=bijian
  38. password=123456
  40.     注：因为MapperScannerConfigurer可能会导致username取的是系统用户的账号，而造成数据库连接失败，所以改成其它值：user\_name。

四.编写controller层

UserController.java

  1. package com.bijian.study.controller;
  3. import java.util.List;
  5. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  6. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
  8. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  9. import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
  10. import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
  11. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
  12. import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
  14. import com.bijian.study.dao.IUserMapper;
  15. import com.bijian.study.model.Article;
  17. @Controller
  18. @RequestMapping("/article")
  19. public class UserController {
  21.     @Autowired
  22.     private IUserMapper mapper;
  24.     @RequestMapping("/list")
  25.     public String showAll(ModelMap modelMap) {
  27.         List<Article> articles = mapper.getArticlesByUserId(1);
  28.         modelMap.addAttribute("articles", articles);
  29.         return "main.ftl";
  30.     }
  32.     @RequestMapping("/list2")
  33.     public ModelAndView listall(HttpServletRequest request,
  34.             HttpServletResponse response) {
  36.         List<Article> articles = mapper.getArticlesByUserId(1);
  37.         ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("list");
  38.         mav.addObject("articles", articles);
  39.         return mav;
  40.     }
  41. }

五.Configuration.xml

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
  4. <configuration>
  5.     <typeAliases>
  6.         <!-- 别名 -->
  7.         <typeAlias alias="User" type="com.bijian.study.model.User"/>
  8.         <typeAlias alias="Article" type="com.bijian.study.model.Article"/>  
  9.     </typeAliases> 
  11.     <!-- 与spring 集成之后,这些可以完全删除,数据库连接的管理交给 spring 去管理  -->
  12.     <!-- 
  13.     <environments default="development">
  14.       <environment id="development">
  15.         <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
  16.         <dataSource type="POOLED">
  17.             <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
  18.             <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.235.1:3306/hbatis" />
  19.             <property name="username" value="bijian" />
  20.             <property name="password" value="123456" />
  21.         </dataSource>
  22.       </environment>
  23.     </environments>
  24.     -->
  26.     <!-- 这里交给sqlSessionFactory 的 mapperLocations属性去得到所有配置信息  -->
  27.     <!-- 
  28.     <mappers>
  29.         <mapper resource="com/bijian/study/model/User.xml" />
  30.     </mappers>
  31.     -->
  32. </configuration>
  34.     mybatis的Configure.xml配置文件，与上一讲的差不多，唯一不同的就是不用再配置类似如下的：   <mapper resource="com/bijian/study/model/User.xml"/> ，所有这些都交给在配置sqlSessionFactory的时候，由<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath\*:com/bijian/study/model/\*.xml" />去导入了。

六.DAO层 

  1. package com.bijian.study.dao;
  3. import java.util.List;
  5. import com.bijian.study.model.Article;
  6. import com.bijian.study.model.User;
  8. public interface IUserMapper {
  10.     User getUserById(int id);
  12.     List<User> getUsers(String name);
  14.     int addUser(User user);
  16.     int updateUser(User user);
  18.     int deleteUser(int id);
  20.     List<Article> getArticlesByUserId(int id);
  21. }

七.模型及MyBatis配置

User.java

  1. package com.bijian.study.model;
  3. public class User {
  5.     private int id;
  6.     private String name;
  7.     private int age;
  8.     private String address;
  10.     public int getId() {
  11.         return id;
  12.     }
  14.     public void setId(int id) {
  15.         this.id = id;
  16.     }
  18.     public String getName() {
  19.         return name;
  20.     }
  22.     public void setName(String name) {
  23.         this.name = name;
  24.     }
  26.     public int getAge() {
  27.         return age;
  28.     }
  30.     public void setAge(int age) {
  31.         this.age = age;
  32.     }
  34.     public String getAddress() {
  35.         return address;
  36.     }
  38.     public void setAddress(String address) {
  39.         this.address = address;
  40.     }
  42.     // 如果有带参数的构造器，编译器不会自动生成无参构造器。当查询需要返回对象时，ORM框架用反射来调用对象的无参构造函数，导致异常：java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: com.bijian.study.model.User.<init>()
  43.     // 这时需要明确写出：
  44.     public User() {
  45.     }
  47.     public User(int id, String address) {
  48.         this.id = id;
  49.         this.address = address;
  50.     }
  52.     public User(String name, int age, String address) {
  53.         this.name = name;
  54.         this.age = age;
  55.         this.address = address;
  56.     }
  57. }

Article.java

  1. package com.bijian.study.model;
  3. public class Article {
  5.     private int id;
  6.     private User user;
  7.     private String title;
  8.     private String content;
  10.     public int getId() {
  11.         return id;
  12.     }
  13.     public void setId(int id) {
  14.         this.id = id;
  15.     }
  16.     public User getUser() {
  17.         return user;
  18.     }
  19.     public void setUser(User user) {
  20.         this.user = user;
  21.     }
  22.     public String getTitle() {
  23.         return title;
  24.     }
  25.     public void setTitle(String title) {
  26.         this.title = title;
  27.     }
  28.     public String getContent() {
  29.         return content;
  30.     }
  31.     public void setContent(String content) {
  32.         this.content = content;
  33.     }
  34. }

User.xml

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
  3. <mapper namespace="com.bijian.study.dao.IUserMapper">
  4.     <select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="User">
  5.         select *
  6.         from `user` where id = #{id}
  7.     </select>
  9.     <resultMap type="User" id="userList"><!-- type为返回列表元素的类全名或别名 -->
  10.         <id column="id" property="id" />
  11.         <result column="name" property="name" />
  12.         <result column="age" property="age" />
  13.         <result column="address" property="address" />
  14.     </resultMap>
  16.     <select id="getUsers" parameterType="string" resultMap="userList"><!-- resultMap为上面定义的User列表 -->
  17.         select * from `user` where name like #{name}
  18.     </select>
  20.     <insert id="addUser" parameterType="User" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
  21.         <!-- useGeneratedKeys指定myBatis使用数据库自动生成的主键，并填充到keyProperty指定的属性上。如果未指定，返回对象拿不到生成的值 -->
  22.         insert into user(name,age,address) values(#{name},#{age},#{address})
  23.     </insert>
  25.     <update id="updateUser" parameterType="User">
  26.         update `user` set name=#{name}, age=#{age}, address=#{address}
  27.         where id=#{id}
  28.     </update>
  30.     <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
  31.         delete from `user` where id=#{id}
  32.     </delete>
  34.     <resultMap type="com.bijian.study.model.Article" id="articleList">
  35.         <id column="a_id" property="id" />
  36.         <result column="title" property="title" />
  37.         <result column="content" property="content" />
  39.         <!-- user属性映射到User类 -->
  40.         <!-- 
  41.         <association property="user" javaType="User">
  42.             <id column="id" property="id" />
  43.             <result column="name" property="name" />
  44.             <result column="address" property="address" />
  45.         </association>
  46.         -->
  48.         <association property="user" javaType="User" resultMap="userList"/>
  49.     </resultMap>
  51.     <select id="getArticlesByUserId" parameterType="int" resultMap="articleList">
  52.         select u.id, u.name, u.age, u.address, a.id a_id, a.title, a.content
  53.         from article a
  54.         inner join user u
  55.         on a.user_id=u.id and u.id=#{id}
  56.     </select>
  57. </mapper>

六.**视图层**

main.ftl

  1. <#list articles as article>
  2.     <div>${article.id}. ${article.title}: ${article.content}</div>
  3. </#list>

list.jsp

  1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
  2.     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
  3. <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
  4. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  5. <html>
  6. <head>
  7. <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
  8. <title>article list</title>
  9. </head>
  10. <body>
  11.     <c:forEach items="${articles}" var="item">  
  12.         ${item.id }--${item.title }--${item.content }<br />
  13.     </c:forEach>
  14. </body>
  15. </html>

七.运行测试

  1.     启动工程
  3.     浏览器输入：http://localhost:8080/MyBatisStudy03/article/list，结果如下：

5f9d2ba1-9b1e-320d-a776-61710c1e2f39.png
浏览器输入：http://localhost:8080/MyBatisStudy03/article/list2，结果如下：

34aa2261-cf4c-357f-afdd-eab5db4560df.png

PS：在开发过程中，遇到spring MVC整合freemarker抛出java.lang.IllegalAccessError: tried to access method freemarker.ext.servlet.AllHttpScopesHashModel异常，详细异常信息如下：

  1. java.lang.IllegalAccessError: tried to access method freemarker.ext.servlet.AllHttpScopesHashModel.<init>(Lfreemarker/template/ObjectWrapper;Ljavax/servlet/ServletContext;Ljavax/servlet/http/HttpServletRequest;)V from class org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView
  2.     at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.buildTemplateModel(FreeMarkerView.java:295)
  3.     at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.doRender(FreeMarkerView.java:276)
  4.     at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.renderMergedTemplateModel(FreeMarkerView.java:233)
  5.     at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:167)
  6.     at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:267)
  7.     at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1221)
  8.     at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1005)
  9.     at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:952)
  10.     at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:870)
  11.     at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:961)
  12.     at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:852)
  13.     at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:620)
  14.     at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:837)
  15.     at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:727)
  16.     at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)
  17.     at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
  18.     at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
  19.     at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
  20.     at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
  21.     at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:88)
  22.     at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
  23.     at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
  24.     at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
  25.     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:220)
  26.     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:122)
  27.     at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:501)
  28.     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:170)
  29.     at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:98)
  30.     at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:950)
  31.     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116)
  32.     at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408)
  33.     at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1040)
  34.     at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:607)
  35.     at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:313)
  36.     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
  37.     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
  38.     at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
  40.     原因是因为fremarker的版本问题，将freemarker-2.3.8.jar改为com.springsource.freemarker-2.3.15.jar后，OK。

参考文章：http://czj4451.iteye.com/blog/1995489

http://www.yihaomen.com/article/java/318.htm

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