Linux 6 下yum方式安装配置LAMP平台

刺骨的言语ヽ痛彻心扉 2022-07-21 11:29 175阅读 0赞

> Linux下搭建LAMP是经典的不能再经典的中小企业站点构建平台。它的全称是Linux+Apache+Mysql+PHP，常用来搭建动态网站，本身都是各自独立的程序，但是因为常被放在一起使用，拥有了越来越高的兼容度，共同组成了一个强大的Web应用程序平台。因此在网络上也有比叫有名的LAMP一键安装解决方案。但是对于运维人员来讲，有必要了解其完成的安装过程。本文主要描述基于CentOS 6 下使用yum方式来快速构建LAMP平台(Linux安装忽略)。

## 一、准备yum源(本文使用了163镜像) ##

# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
    # wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo -P /etc/yum.repos.d/
    # yum clean all
    # yum makecache

## 二、安装apache httpd ##

详细可以参考：[Linux下安装Apache httpd][Linux_Apache httpd]

###检查是否已安装httpd
    # rpm -qa|grep httpd
     httpd-tools-2.2.15-45.el6.centos.x86_64
     httpd-2.2.15-45.el6.centos.x86_64
    
    # yum -y install httpd ###此时我们看到httpd的小版本从45变成了53
    # rpm -qa|grep httpd
     httpd-tools-2.2.15-53.el6.centos.x86_64
     httpd-2.2.15-53.el6.centos.x86_64
    
    ###查询生成的相关配置文件
    # rpm -qc httpd|grep conf
     /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf
     /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
     /etc/httpd/conf/magic
     /etc/sysconfig/htcacheclean
     /etc/sysconfig/httpd
    
    ###启动httpd
    # /etc/init.d/httpd start
     Starting httpd: [ OK ]
    # netstat -nltp|grep 80
     tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 7621/httpd
    
    ###验证web服务
    # curl -I http://localhost
     HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
     Date: Tue, 12 Jul 2016 09:25:15 GMT
     Server: Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS)
     Accept-Ranges: bytes
     Content-Length: 4961
     Connection: close
     Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
    
    ###编写一个php页面测试
    # echo "
    > <html>
    > <h1>This is a php test page.</h1>
    > <?php
    > phpinfo();
    > ?>
    > </html>">>/var/www/html/index.php 
    
    ###测试结果为phpinfo函数没有被解释
    # curl http://localhost/index.php
     <html>
     <h1>This is a php test page.</h1>
     <?php
     phpinfo();
     ?>
     </html>

## 三、安装php ##

###安装php，同时会安装依赖包
    # yum install php
            Installing:
             php                      x86_64     5.3.3-47.el6      base     1.1 M
            Installing for dependencies:
             php-cli                  x86_64     5.3.3-47.el6      base     2.2 M
             php-common               x86_64     5.3.3-47.el6      base     530 k
    
    ###查看php安装清单 
    # rpm -ql php
            /etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf
            /usr/lib64/httpd/modules/libphp5.so
            /var/lib/php/session
            /var/www/icons/php.gif 
    
    ###查看php的配置文件 
    # grep -vE "^#|^$" /etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf 
            <IfModule prefork.c>
              LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
            </IfModule>
            <IfModule worker.c>
              LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5-zts.so
            </IfModule>
            AddHandler php5-script .php
            AddType text/html .php
            DirectoryIndex index.php
    
    ###在上面的配置文件中，由于php以模块化方式与httpd结合工作，根据httpd的mpm模式不同，
    ###其所需要的php模块格式有所不同； prefork模式使用libphp5模块 worker和event模式则使用libphp5-zts模块
    
    ###重启httpd已使得php模块生效
    # /etc/init.d/httpd configtest
            Syntax OK
    
    # /etc/init.d/httpd restart
            Stopping httpd:                 [ OK  ]
            Starting httpd:                 [ OK  ]
    
    ###验证php模块已经被加载
    # httpd -M |grep php
            php5_module (shared)
    
    ###验证php页面 
    # curl http://localhost/index.php|more
            <html>
            <h1>This is a php test page.</h1>
            <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
            <html><head>
            <style type="text/css">
            body {background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000;}
                  ...........
    
    ###切换为使用worker工作模式
    # cp /etc/sysconfig/httpd /etc/sysconfig/httpd.bk
    # sed -i "s@#HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker@HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker@g" /etc/sysconfig/httpd
    # grep -vE "^#|^$" /etc/sysconfig/httpd
            HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker
    
    ###从下面的提示中，我们需要使用php5zts模块
    # /etc/init.d/httpd restart
            Stopping httpd:                                            [ OK  ]
            Starting httpd: httpd.worker: Syntax error on line 221 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf: 
            Syntax error on line 9 of /etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf: Cannot load /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5-zts.so 
            into server: /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5-zts.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
                                                                       [FAILED]
    ###安装php-zts模块
    # yum -y install php-zts
    # rpm -ql php-zts
            /usr/lib64/httpd/modules/libphp5-zts.so
    
    # ps -ef|grep http ###查看httpd，已经切换为使用worker模式
            root      10339      1  0 04:35 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd.worker
            apache    10341  10339  0 04:35 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd.worker
            apache    10342  10339  0 04:35 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd.worker
            apache    10343  10339  0 04:35 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd.worker
            apache    10344  10339  0 04:35 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd.worker

## 四、安装mysql ##

# rpm -qa|grep mysql
            mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
    
    # yum install mysql-server 
    # rpm -qa|grep mysql 
            mysql-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64
            mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64
            mysql-server-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64
    
    ###查看mysql安装产生的文件
    # rpm -ql mysql-server
    # rpm -ql mysql
    
    # more /etc/my.cnf
            [mysqld]
            datadir=/var/lib/mysql
            socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
            user=mysql
            # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
            symbolic-links=0
    
            [mysqld_safe]
            log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
            pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    
    # /etc/init.d/mysqld start
    # /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '***'
    # mysql -uroot -p
    mysql> show variables like 'port';
    +---------------+-------+
    | Variable_name | Value |
    +---------------+-------+
    | port          | 3306  |
    +---------------+-------+
    
    ###安装php连接mysql驱动
    # yum install php-mysql
    
    ###查看安装完毕后生产的文件
    # rpm -ql php-mysql
            /etc/php.d/mysql.ini      ### Author : Leshami
            /etc/php.d/mysqli.ini     ### Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami
            /etc/php.d/pdo_mysql.ini
            /usr/lib64/php/modules/mysql.so
            /usr/lib64/php/modules/mysqli.so
            /usr/lib64/php/modules/pdo_mysql.so
    
    ###测试到mysql的连接
    #vim /var/www/html/connmysql.php
    <?php
        $conn = mysql_connect('127.0.0.1','root','***');
        if ($conn)
            echo "succ";
        else
            echo "failure";
        mysql_close();
    ?>
    
    # curl http://localhost/connmysql.php
            succ

## 五、小结 ##

1、apache httpd与php之间的衔接是通过模块化的方式来实现。  
2、对于perfork模式使用libphp5模块，worker和event模式则使用libphp5-zts模块。  
3、php与mysql则通过安装php-mysql包来实现php到mysql的访问。

[Linux_Apache httpd]: http://blog.csdn.net/leshami/article/details/49906229