Matlab 实现GUI界面相应鼠标事件

布满荆棘的人生 2022-12-17 08:44 279阅读 0赞

和C++平台一样，MATLAB也能在GUI设计中写入鼠标事件

\*\*功能：\*\*拖动鼠标左键时，在Axes区域画线，松开时不画，再次点击时画线…

少数几个需要用到的函数和属性  
·WindowButtonDownFcn回调函数  
·Selectiontype属性（判断单击/双击，左键/右键）  
·Normal左键单击  
·Alt右键单击（Ctrl+左键）  
·Open双击  
·Extend中键（Shift+左键）

由于Line对象的父对象为Axes，故而在GUI界面中添加一个Axes对象。

首先需要判断：  
1：我们是否按下了鼠标左键  
:2：然后在WindowsButtonMotionFcn回调函数中来选择是否绘制曲线。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2d1YW5nd3Vsdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]  
由于WindowButtonFcn和WindowButtonMotionFcn是两个不同的回调函数，它们之间的信息需要共享（如判断鼠标是否按下），可以使用全局变量global …

打开WindowButtonFcn的回调函数，判断是否按下了鼠标左键，通过窗口的SelectionType属性判断鼠标左键的行为，以全局变量global将（是否按下了鼠标左键）的信息传递出去。

按下鼠标左键，SelectionType值为normal

为了下一次在移动鼠标时可以绘制坐标曲线，因此需要将当前鼠标左键移动的位置记录下来，可以使用Axes的CurrentPoint属性，并将该句柄pos1保存到全局变量（后续也会用到）

pos1 = get(handles.axes1,'CurrentPoint');

该回调函数的代码为：

function figure1_WindowButtonDownFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    % hObject    handle to figure1 (see GCBO)
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    global ButtonDown  ;
    if strcmp(get(gcf,'SelectionType'),'normal')
        ButtonDown = 1;
        pos1 = get(handles.axes1,'CurrentPoint');
    end

然后添加界面的鼠标移动响应函数  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2d1YW5nd3Vsdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]  
通过全局变量ButtonDown判断是否按下了鼠标左键，按下了为1，并记录当前鼠标的位置。

然后绘制一一条线宽为4的曲线

如下为绘图的第一个点：

linr([pos1(1,1) pos(1,1)],[pos1(1,2) pos(1,2)],'LineWidth',4);

在下一次响应鼠标的移动函数时，上次响应时鼠标所处的位置为绘画位置的初始点

pos1 = pos ;

然后在OpeningFcn中定义全局变量并且初始化为空

function Mouse_line_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
    % This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
    % hObject    handle to figure
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    % varargin   command line arguments to Mouse_line (see VARARGIN)
      
    global ButtonDown ps1
    ButtonDown=[];
    ps1=[];
    
    % Choose default command line output for Mouse_line
    handles.output = hObject;
    
    % Update handles structure
    guidata(hObject, handles);

运行结果：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2d1YW5nd3Vsdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]  
能绘图，但是无法停下，鼠标移动，曲线跟着到处跑

原因：  
没有设置松开鼠标时的回调函数

解决方法：  
设置松开鼠标左键WindowButtonUpFcn的操作的回调函数  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2d1YW5nd3Vsdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]  
松开鼠标的回调函数：

function figure1_WindowButtonUpFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    % hObject    handle to figure1 (see GCBO)
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    global ButtonDown
    ButtonDown = 0;

运行结果：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2d1YW5nd3Vsdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]

附上全代码：

function varargout = Mouse_line(varargin)
    % MOUSE_LINE MATLAB code for Mouse_line.fig
    %      MOUSE_LINE, by itself, creates a new MOUSE_LINE or raises the existing
    %      singleton*.
    %
    %      H = MOUSE_LINE returns the handle to a new MOUSE_LINE or the handle to
    %      the existing singleton*.
    %
    %      MOUSE_LINE('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
    %      function named CALLBACK in MOUSE_LINE.M with the given input arguments.
    %
    %      MOUSE_LINE('Property','Value',...) creates a new MOUSE_LINE or raises the
    %      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
    %      applied to the GUI before Mouse_line_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
    %      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
    %      stop.  All inputs are passed to Mouse_line_OpeningFcn via varargin.
    %
    %      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
    %      instance to run (singleton)".
    %
    % See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES
    
    % Edit the above text to modify the response to help Mouse_line
    
    % Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 22-Oct-2020 15:06:51
    
    % Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
    gui_Singleton = 1;
    gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                       'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                       'gui_OpeningFcn', @Mouse_line_OpeningFcn, ...
                       'gui_OutputFcn',  @Mouse_line_OutputFcn, ...
                       'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                       'gui_Callback',   []);
    if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
        gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
    end
    
    if nargout
        [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
    else
        gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
    end
    % End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
    
    
    % --- Executes just before Mouse_line is made visible.
    function Mouse_line_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
    % This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
    % hObject    handle to figure
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    % varargin   command line arguments to Mouse_line (see VARARGIN)
      
    global ButtonDown ps1
    ButtonDown=[];
    ps1=[];
    
    % Choose default command line output for Mouse_line
    handles.output = hObject;
    
    % Update handles structure
    guidata(hObject, handles);
    
    % UIWAIT makes Mouse_line wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
    % uiwait(handles.figure1);
    
    
    % --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
    function varargout = Mouse_line_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
    % varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
    % hObject    handle to figure
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    
    % Get default command line output from handles structure
    varargout{1} = handles.output;
    
    
    % --- Executes on mouse press over figure background, over a disabled or
    % --- inactive control, or over an axes background.
    function figure1_WindowButtonDownFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    % hObject    handle to figure1 (see GCBO)
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    global ButtonDown  pos1;
    if strcmp(get(gcf,'SelectionType'),'normal')
        ButtonDown = 1;
        pos1 = get(handles.axes1,'CurrentPoint');
    end
    
    
    % --- Executes on mouse motion over figure - except title and menu.
    function figure1_WindowButtonMotionFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    % hObject    handle to figure1 (see GCBO)
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    global ButtonDown  pos1;
    
    if ButtonDown==1
        pos=get(handles.axes1,'CurrentPoint');
        line([pos1(1,1) pos(1,1)],[pos1(1,2) pos(1,2)],'LineWidth',4);
        pos1 =pos;
    end
    
    
    % --- Executes on mouse press over figure background, over a disabled or
    % --- inactive control, or over an axes background.
    function figure1_WindowButtonUpFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    % hObject    handle to figure1 (see GCBO)
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    global ButtonDown
    ButtonDown = 0;

===OVER

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