Blackbox_exporter黑盒监测

曾经终败给现在 2023-06-22 03:17 6阅读 0赞

# 一、概述 #

blackbox\_exporter是Prometheus 官方提供的 exporter 之一，可以提供 http、dns、tcp、icmp 的监控数据采集。  
Blackbox\_exporter 应用场景

*  **HTTP 测试**

定义 Request Header 信息  
          判断 Http status / Http Respones Header / Http Body 内容

*  **TCP 测试**

业务组件端口状态监听  
           应用层协议定义与监听

*  **ICMP 测试**

主机探活机制

*  **POST 测试**

接口联通性

*  **SSL 证书过期时间**

# 二、安装 #

## 环境说明 ##

操作系统：centos 6.9

## 下载解压 ##

各个版本的blackbox\_exporter [https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox\_exporter/releases][https_github.com_prometheus_blackbox_exporter_releases]  
以linux系统为例，下载编译好的二进制包，解压使用：

wget https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases/download/v0.16.0/blackbox_exporter-0.16.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
    tar -zxvf blackbox_exporter-0.16.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /data
    mv /data/blackbox_exporter-0.16.0.linux-amd64 /data/blackbox_exporter

## 验证是否安装成功 ##

# cd /data/blackbox_exporter/
    # ./blackbox_exporter --version
    blackbox_exporter, version 0.16.0 (branch: HEAD, revision: 991f89846ae10db22a3933356a7d196642fcb9a9)
      build user:       root@64f600555645
      build date:       20191111-16:27:24
      go version:       go1.13.4

## 启动blackbox\_exporter ##

nohup ./blackbox_exporter &

## 验证是否启动成功 ##

默认监听端口为9115

# ss -tunlp|grep 9115
    tcp    LISTEN     0      32768                  *:9115                  *:*      users:(("blackbox_export",29880,3))

# 三、prometheus.yml中加入blackbox\_exporter #

## 监控主机存活状态 ##

编辑prometheus配置文件

vi /data/prometheus/prometheus.yml

最后一行添加

- job_name: node_status
        metrics_path: /probe
        params:
          module: [icmp]
        static_configs:
          - targets: ['10.165.94.31']
            labels:
              instance: node_status
              group: 'node'
        relabel_configs:
          - source_labels: [__address__]
            target_label: __param_target
          - target_label: __address__
            replacement: 172.19.155.133:9115

注意：10.165.94.31是被监控端ip，172.19.155.133是Blackbox\_exporter

## 监控主机端口存活状态 ##

- job_name: 'prometheus_port_status'
        metrics_path: /probe
        params:
          module: [tcp_connect]
        static_configs:
          - targets: ['172.19.155.133:8765']
            labels:
              instance: 'port_status'
              group: 'tcp'
        relabel_configs:
          - source_labels: [__address__]
            target_label: __param_target
          - source_labels: [__param_target]
            target_label: instance
          - target_label: __address__
            replacement: 172.19.155.133:9115

## 监控网站状态 ##

- job_name: web_status
        metrics_path: /probe
        params:
          module: [http_2xx]
        static_configs:
          - targets: ['http://www.baidu.com']
            labels:
              instance: user_status
              group: 'web'
        relabel_configs:
          - source_labels: [__address__]
            target_label: __param_target
          - target_label: __address__
            replacement: 172.19.155.133:9115

检查配置文件是否书写正确

cd /data/prometheus
    ./promtool check config prometheus.yml

重启prometheus

service restart prometheus

## 访问targets界面 ##

访问 http://127.0.0.1:9090/targets 查看加入的监控信息。

![1341090-20191211143814799-692862307.png][]

确保状态为 UP

# 四、grafana中加入blackbox\_exporter监控数据 #

## 导入blackbox\_exporter模板 ##

此模板为9965号模板，数据源选择Prometheus 模板下载地址 https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/9965

![1341090-20191211144010817-1302657740.png][]

此模板需要安装饼状图插件 下载地址 [https://grafana.com/grafana/plugins/grafana-piechart-panel][https_grafana.com_grafana_plugins_grafana-piechart-panel]  
安装插件，重启grafana生效。

grafana-cli plugins install grafana-piechart-panel
    service grafana-server restart

## 访问grafana ##

访问 http://127.0.0.1:3000，查看数据。

![1341090-20191211144145141-1494317472.png][]

本文参考链接：

[https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_43190337/article/details/100577728][https_blog.csdn.net_qq_43190337_article_details_100577728]

[https_github.com_prometheus_blackbox_exporter_releases]: https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases
[1341090-20191211143814799-692862307.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/i-beta/1341090/201912/1341090-20191211143814799-692862307.png
[1341090-20191211144010817-1302657740.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/i-beta/1341090/201912/1341090-20191211144010817-1302657740.png
[https_grafana.com_grafana_plugins_grafana-piechart-panel]: https://grafana.com/grafana/plugins/grafana-piechart-panel
[1341090-20191211144145141-1494317472.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/i-beta/1341090/201912/1341090-20191211144145141-1494317472.png
[https_blog.csdn.net_qq_43190337_article_details_100577728]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43190337/article/details/100577728