springBoot使用单元测试controller接口

偏执的太偏执、 2023-10-11 15:51 8阅读 0赞

在Spring Boot中实现单元测试同样非常方便，下面我们打开src/test/下的测试入口com.cloud.demo.DemoApplicationTests类，编写一个简单的单元测试来模拟HTTP请求，测试之前实现的/hello接口，该接口应返回Hello world字符串。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXlpa2VqaQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

具体代码实现如下所示。

@SpringBootTest
    class DemoApplicationTests {
        
        private MockMvc mvc;
    
        @Before
        public void setUp() throws Exception {
        
            mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new HelloController()).build();
            System.out.println("初始化mock模块");
        }
    
        @Test
        void hello() throws Exception {
        
            setUp();
            String responseString = mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/hello").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)).andExpect(status().isOk())    //返回的状态是200
                    .andDo(print())         //打印出请求和相应的内容
                    .andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString();   //将相应的数据转换为字符串;
            System.out.println("获取结果为：" + responseString);
    
        }
    }

controller接口内容如下：

@RestController
    public class HelloController {
        
        @RequestMapping(value = "/hello",method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public String inde(){
        
            return "Hello SpringCloud";
        }
    }

测试结果如下：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXlpa2VqaQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXlpa2VqaQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210622144235906.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXlpa2VqaQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXlpa2VqaQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210622144243751.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poaXlpa2VqaQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center