CentOS7安装MySQL8.0小计

傷城~ 2023-08-17 15:20 70阅读 0赞

之前讲配置文件和权限的时候有很多MySQL8的知识，有同志说安装不太一样，希望发个文，我这边简单演示一下

### 1.环境安装 ###

下载MySQL提供的CentOS7的yum源

官方文档：<[https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/][https_dev.mysql.com_doc_refman_8.0_en]>

**过程中有不太懂的可以看我之前写的这篇文章：<[http://www.cnblogs.com/dotnetcrazy/p/9887708.html][http_www.cnblogs.com_dotnetcrazy_p_9887708.html]>**

![1127869-20190515181944413-195864388.jpg][]

**地址：[https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/][https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_repo_yum]**

![1127869-20190515181919295-154393412.jpg][]

CentOS命令：**curl https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm > centos7.mysql.rpm** 下载yum源（curl是系统自带的）

![1127869-20190515182039927-1354776227.jpg][]

安装yum源：**yum install centos7.mysql.rpm -y**

安装MySQL8.0 **yum install mysql-community-server -y**

![1127869-20190515182153622-1431091493.jpg][]

启动mysql **systemctl start mysqld**

设置开机启动mysql **systemctl enable mysqld**

![1127869-20190515182235077-1736015020.jpg][]

### 2.初始化配置 ###

查看初始密码 **cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep "password"**

安全初始化 **mysql\_secure\_installation**

![1127869-20190515182517764-1582433548.jpg][]

![1127869-20190515182607696-1735614622.jpg][]

### 3.权限设置 ###

权限相关详细可以查看上次写的文章：**[聊聊数据库：SQL运维~存储引擎与权限][SQL]**

用root账号登录 **mysql -uroot -p**

创建用户dnt **create user dnt@'%' identified by '含大小写字母+数字的密码';**

![1127869-20190515182815479-675878801.jpg][]

查看当前有哪些用户 **select user,authentication\_string,host from mysql.user;**

![1127869-20190515182701375-68690415.jpg][]

给用户dnt分配数据库dotnetcrazy的所有权限 **grant all on dotnetcrazy.\* to dnt;**

刷新权限 **flush privileges;**

显示新用户有哪些权限 **show grants for dnt;**

![1127869-20190515182828576-1593778646.jpg][]

### 4.配置相关 ###

这块我就说下开远程的配置，其他的可以查看之前写的文章：<**[https://www.cnblogs.com/dotnetcrazy/p/10810798.html][http_www.cnblogs.com_dotnetcrazy_p_9887708.html]**>

root权限去修改 **/etc/my.cnf**

在**\[mysqld\]**选项下新增：**bind-address=0.0.0.0**

![1127869-20190515183152220-143773100.jpg][]

开放3306端口的远程访问权限：**firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent**

刷新防火墙规则 **firewall-cmd --reload**

重启MySQL：**systemctl restart mysqld**

![1127869-20190515183406802-2124464979.jpg][]

#### 测试 ####

![1127869-20190515183631100-968958757.jpg][]

### Shell附录 ###

#### 1.安装附录 ####

# 下载yum源（curl是系统自带的）
    # curl https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm > centos7.mysql.rpm
    [root@localhost dnt] curl https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm > centos7.mysql.rpm
      % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                     Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
    100 26024  100 26024    0     0  38150      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 38158
    [root@localhost dnt]# ls
    centos7.mysql.rpm
    
    # 安装MySQL的yum源
    # yum install centos7.mysql.rpm -y
    [root@localhost dnt] yum install centos7.mysql.rpm -y
    已加载插件：fastestmirror
    正在检查 centos7.mysql.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch
    centos7.mysql.rpm 将被安装
    正在解决依赖关系
    --> 正在检查事务
    ---> 软件包 mysql80-community-release.noarch.0.el7-3 将被 安装
    --> 解决依赖关系完成
    
    依赖关系解决
    
    ==========================================================================================================
     Package                                架构                版本                 源                           大小
    ==========================================================================================================
    正在安装:
     mysql80-community-release              noarch              el7-3                /centos7.mysql               31 k
    
    事务概要
    ==========================================================================================================
    安装  1 软件包
    
    总计：31 k
    安装大小：31 k
    Downloading packages:
    Running transaction check
    Running transaction test
    Transaction test succeeded
    Running transaction
      正在安装    : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch                                                         1/1
      验证中      : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch                                                         1/1
    
    已安装:
      mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-3
    
    完毕！
    
    # 安装MySQL8.0
    # yum install mysql-community-server -y
    [root@localhost dnt] yum install mysql-community-server -y
    已加载插件：fastestmirror
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
     * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
     * extras: mirrors.cn99.com
     * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
    base                                                                                        | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
    extras                                                                                      | 3.4 kB  00:00:00
    mysql-connectors-community                                                                  | 2.5 kB  00:00:00
    mysql-tools-community                                                                       | 2.5 kB  00:00:00
    mysql80-community                                                                           | 2.5 kB  00:00:00
    updates                                                                                     | 3.4 kB  00:00:00
    (1/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db                                         |  41 kB  00:00:00
    (2/3): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                  |  70 kB  00:00:00
    (3/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db                                              |  58 kB  00:00:00
    正在解决依赖关系
    --> 正在检查事务
    ---> 软件包 mysql-community-server.x86_64.0.8.0.16-2.el7 将被 安装
    --> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.16-2.el7，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64 需要
    --> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64 需要
    --> 正在处理依赖关系 net-tools，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64 需要
    --> 正在检查事务
    ---> 软件包 mysql-community-client.x86_64.0.8.0.16-2.el7 将被 安装
    --> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.11，它被软件包 mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64 需要
    ---> 软件包 mysql-community-common.x86_64.0.8.0.16-2.el7 将被 安装
    ---> 软件包 net-tools.x86_64.0.2.0-0.24.20131004git.el7 将被 安装
    --> 正在检查事务
    ---> 软件包 mariadb-libs.x86_64.1.5.5.60-1.el7_5 将被 取代
    --> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 需要
    --> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 需要
    ---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs.x86_64.0.8.0.16-2.el7 将被 舍弃
    --> 正在检查事务
    ---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64.0.8.0.16-2.el7 将被 舍弃
    --> 解决依赖关系完成
    
    依赖关系解决
    
    ==========================================================================================================
     Package                            架构          版本                              源                        大小
    ==========================================================================================================
    正在安装:
     mysql-community-libs               x86_64        8.0.16-2.el7                      mysql80-community        3.0 M
          替换  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5
     mysql-community-libs-compat        x86_64        8.0.16-2.el7                      mysql80-community        2.1 M
          替换  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5
     mysql-community-server             x86_64        8.0.16-2.el7                      mysql80-community        403 M
    为依赖而安装:
     mysql-community-client             x86_64        8.0.16-2.el7                      mysql80-community         32 M
     mysql-community-common             x86_64        8.0.16-2.el7                      mysql80-community        575 k
     net-tools                          x86_64        2.0-0.24.20131004git.el7          base                     306 k
    
    事务概要
    ==========================================================================================================
    安装  3 软件包 (+3 依赖软件包)
    
    总下载量：441 M
    Downloading packages:
    警告：/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql80-community/packages/mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装
    (1/6): mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                                       | 575 kB  00:00:00
    (2/6): mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                                         | 3.0 MB  00:00:00
    (3/6): mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                                  | 2.1 MB  00:00:00
    (4/6): net-tools-2.0-0.24.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm                                        | 306 kB  00:00:00
    (5/6): mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                                       |  32 MB  00:00:14
    (6/6): mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                                       | 403 MB  00:01:08
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    总计                                                                               6.2 MB/s | 441 MB  00:01:10
    从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 检索密钥
    导入 GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
     用户ID     : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
     指纹       : a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
     软件包     : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch (installed)
     来自       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
    Running transaction check
    Running transaction test
    Transaction test succeeded
    Running transaction
      正在安装    : mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64                                                     1/7 
      正在安装    : mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64                                                       2/7 
      正在安装    : mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64                                                     3/7 
      正在安装    : net-tools-2.0-0.24.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                      4/7 
      正在安装    : mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64                                                     5/7 
      正在安装    : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64                                                6/7 
      正在删除    : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64                                                           7/7 
      验证中      : mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64                                                       1/7 
      验证中      : net-tools-2.0-0.24.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                      2/7 
      验证中      : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64                                                3/7 
      验证中      : mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64                                                     4/7 
      验证中      : mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64                                                     5/7 
      验证中      : mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64                                                     6/7 
      验证中      : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64                                                           7/7 
    
    已安装:
      mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.16-2.el7            mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.16-2.el7
      mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.16-2.el7
    
    作为依赖被安装:
      mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.16-2.el7             mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.16-2.el7
      net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.24.20131004git.el7
    
    替代:
      mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5
    
    完毕！
    
    # 启动mysql
    # systemctl start mysqld
    [root@localhost dnt] systemctl start mysqld
    [root@localhost dnt] pstree | grep mysql
            |-mysqld---37*[{mysqld}]
    
    # 设置开机启动mysql
    # systemctl enable mysqld
    [root@localhost dnt] systemctl enable mysqld
    [root@localhost dnt] reboot
    Connection closing...Socket close.
    
    Connection closed by foreign host.
    
    Disconnected from remote host(MySQL_CentOS) at 10:56:42.
    
    Connecting to 192.168.36.205:22...
    Connection established.
    To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
    
    WARNING! The remote SSH server rejected X11 forwarding request.
    Last login: Wed May 15 10:35:07 2019 from 192.168.36.144
    [dnt@localhost ~]$ pstree | grep mysql
            |-mysqld---37*[{mysqld}]
    
    # 查看mysql的状态
    # systemctl status mysqld
    [dnt@localhost ~]$ systemctl status mysqld
    ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
       Active: active (running) since 三 2019-05-15 10:57:26 CST; 1min 3s ago
         Docs: man:mysqld(8)
               http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
      Process: 3934 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
     Main PID: 3969 (mysqld)
       Status: "SERVER_OPERATING"
       CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
               └─3969 /usr/sbin/mysqld

#### 2.初始化配置附录 ####

# 查看初始密码
    # cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep "password"
    [dnt@localhost ~]$ cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep "password"
    2019-05-15T02:55:51.132377Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wI>X.(tHE5&e
    
    # 安全初始化
    # mysql_secure_installation
    [dnt@localhost ~]$ mysql_secure_installation
    
    Securing the MySQL server deployment.
    
    Enter password for user root: 
    The 'validate_password' component is installed on the server.
    The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
    of the component.
    Using existing password for root.
    
    Estimated strength of the password: 100 
    Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n
    
     ... skipping.
    By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
    allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
    a user account created for them. This is intended only for
    testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
    You should remove them before moving into a production
    environment.
    
    Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
    Success.
    
    
    Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
    'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
    the root password from the network.
    
    Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
    Success.
    
    By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
    anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
    and should be removed before moving into a production
    environment.
    
    
    Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
     - Dropping test database...
    Success.
    
     - Removing privileges on test database...
    Success.
    
    Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
    made so far will take effect immediately.
    
    Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
    Success.
    
    All done!

#### 3.权限附录 ####

# 用root账号登录
    # mysql -uroot -p
    [dnt@localhost ~]$ mysql -uroot -p
    Enter password:
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 38
    Server version: 8.0.16 MySQL Community Server - GPL
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    # show databases;
    mysql> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database           |
    +--------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | mysql              |
    | performance_schema |
    | sys                |
    +--------------------+
    4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    # 创建用户dnt
    # create user dnt@'%' identified by '含大小写字母+数字的密码';
    mysql> create user dnt@'%' identified by '含大小写字母+数字的密码';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
    
    # 查看当前有哪些用户
    # select user,authentication_string,host from mysql.user;
    mysql> select user,authentication_string,host from mysql.user;
    +------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
    | user             | authentication_string                                                  | host      |
    +------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
    | dnt              | $A$005$yOK}8VFp<	LE0BLBPFmeTy2vi8Q1JdmkhkPkaWBilxWYW2/jSsJ4OEa7B | %         |
    | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | localhost |
    | mysql.session    | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | localhost |
    | mysql.sys        | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | localhost |
    | root             | $A$005$yAn@!RwTRzRLdyRrHMdoneUh7pdKEJVFUl9LHdG5MHeL.gdovFMI7z22 | localhost |
    +------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
    5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    # 创建一个数据库
    # create database dotnetcrazy charset=utf8;
    mysql> create database dotnetcrazy charset=utf8;
    Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.71 sec)
    
    mysql> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database           |
    +--------------------+
    | dotnetcrazy        |
    | information_schema |
    | mysql              |
    | performance_schema |
    | sys                |
    +--------------------+
    5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    # 给用户dnt分配数据库dotnetcrazy的所有权限
    # grant all on dotnetcrazy.* to dnt;
    mysql> grant all on dotnetcrazy.* to dnt;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.69 sec)
    
    # 刷新权限
    # flush privileges;
    mysql> flush privileges;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.59 sec)
    
    # 显示新用户有哪些权限
    # show grants for dnt;
    mysql> show grants for dnt;
    +------------------------------------------------------+
    | Grants for dnt@%                                     |
    +------------------------------------------------------+
    | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `dnt`@`%`                      |
    | GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `dotnetcrazy`.* TO `dnt`@`%` |
    +------------------------------------------------------+
    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> exit
    Bye
    
    # 用新增用户登录
    # mysql -udnt -p
    [dnt@localhost ~]$ mysql -udnt -p
    Enter password:
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 39
    Server version: 8.0.16 MySQL Community Server - GPL
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    # show databases;
    mysql> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database           |
    +--------------------+
    | dotnetcrazy        |
    | information_schema |
    +--------------------+
    2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

#### 4.配置附录 ####

[dnt@localhost ~]$ su
    密码：
    [root@localhost dnt]# ls /etc/ | grep my
    my.cnf
    my.cnf.d
    [root@localhost dnt]# ls /etc/my.cnf.d/
    
    # 修改配置，运行远程登录
    [root@localhost dnt]# vi /etc/my.cnf
    [root@localhost dnt]# cat /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    bind-address=0.0.0.0 # 新增内容
    
    datadir=/var/lib/mysql
    socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
    
    log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
    pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    
    # 查看一下防火墙状态
    # systemctl status firewalld
    [root@localhost dnt] systemctl status firewalld
    ● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
       Active: active (running) since 三 2019-05-15 17:37:49 CST; 28min ago
         Docs: man:firewalld(1)
     Main PID: 3467 (firewalld)
       CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
               └─3467 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid
    
    5月 15 17:37:47 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
    5月 15 17:37:49 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
    
    # 开放3306端口的远程访问权限
    # firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
    [root@localhost dnt]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
    success
    
    # 刷新防火墙规则
    # firewall-cmd --reload
    [root@localhost dnt]# firewall-cmd --reload
    success
    
    # 重启MySQL
    # systemctl restart mysqld
    [root@localhost dnt]# systemctl restart mysqld

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/dotnetcrazy/p/10871352.html

[https_dev.mysql.com_doc_refman_8.0_en]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/
[http_www.cnblogs.com_dotnetcrazy_p_9887708.html]: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/IqxfhAh-Rz15Rd6zC1YplQ
[1127869-20190515181944413-195864388.jpg]: /images/20230810/01caa19a55d24bb195182afdf7afa16b.png
[https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_repo_yum]: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
[1127869-20190515181919295-154393412.jpg]: /images/20230810/bf392616165e4a8e8656bad6b4524438.png
[1127869-20190515182039927-1354776227.jpg]: /images/20230810/b0620c7bf061414893c3a8fd09f74565.png
[1127869-20190515182153622-1431091493.jpg]: /images/20230810/5b01b7a6b9f84d249b25572930025afb.png
[1127869-20190515182235077-1736015020.jpg]: /images/20230810/f61fece3bd1c4b8cb169e6b3c0bd586b.png
[1127869-20190515182517764-1582433548.jpg]: /images/20230810/bd005dd0750a4faaaf99b1039f012d39.png
[1127869-20190515182607696-1735614622.jpg]: /images/20230810/6ab0a7b6d97a482d9a71b3af9f0d5367.png
[SQL]: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/4W6vCQo5tBqT4ZM46InYyQ
[1127869-20190515182815479-675878801.jpg]: /images/20230810/eb18d6ccdb594e828d0bc9478c0bb560.png
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[1127869-20190515183152220-143773100.jpg]: /images/20230810/5c21dd1829d248c399ebf07c084c2974.png
[1127869-20190515183406802-2124464979.jpg]: /images/20230810/053706db3b0a4d8992a5ce1a72e5d506.png
[1127869-20190515183631100-968958757.jpg]: /images/20230810/3c5be24e885847edabb39151a467aa37.png